Double-Stranded RNA (RNA, Double Stranded)

RNA consisting of two strands as opposed to the more prevalent single-stranded RNA. Most of the double-stranded segments are formed from transcription of DNA by intramolecular base-pairing of inverted complementary sequences separated by a single-stranded loop. Some double-stranded segments of RNA are normal in all organisms.

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Networked: 952 relevant articles (10 outcomes, 59 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Bio-Agent Context: Research Results

Experts

1.	Akira, Shizuo: 11 articles (06/2013 - 09/2003)
2.	Seya, Tsukasa: 10 articles (02/2014 - 05/2002)
3.	Matsumoto, Misako: 10 articles (02/2014 - 05/2002)
4.	Williams, Bryan R G: 8 articles (10/2012 - 01/2003)
5.	Sen, Ganes C: 8 articles (01/2011 - 10/2003)
6.	Imaizumi, Tadaatsu: 7 articles (02/2013 - 08/2004)
7.	Patton, John T: 6 articles (05/2015 - 12/2006)
8.	Gale, Michael: 6 articles (01/2015 - 04/2002)
9.	Weber, Friedemann: 6 articles (11/2013 - 01/2004)
10.	Cui, Zhengrong: 6 articles (06/2013 - 06/2006)

Related Diseases

1.	Infection 04/01/2013 - "In this study we investigated human mast cell response to double-stranded RNA and viral infection. " 05/01/2012 - "In this study, we discovered that down-regulation of TICAM1, but not other components in this signaling pathway, occurred in a natural process of TLR3 activation induced by double-stranded RNA or human rhinovirus (RV) infection in airway epithelial cells and various other cell types. " 09/01/2011 - "A mixed virus infection in a strain of the endophytic and entomopathogenic fungus Tolypocladium cylindrosporum was deduced from a study of the transmission to conidia of several double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) elements. " 10/01/2005 - "Herein, we present a comprehensive study on the chemokine production by microglia in response to double-stranded RNA (dsRNA), a conserved molecular pattern of virus infection. " 05/01/2004 - "For example, in vitro studies reveal that the TLR3 ligand is a double-stranded RNA (dsRNA), a product of viral infections. "
2.	Neoplasms (Cancer) 01/15/2009 - "Attenuated expression of A20 markedly increases the efficacy of double-stranded RNA-activated dendritic cells as an anti-cancer vaccine." 01/01/2015 - "Reovirus is one such naturally occurring double-stranded RNA virus that exploits altered signaling pathways (including Ras) in a myriad of cancers. " 06/03/2013 - "Double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) has multiple antitumor mechanisms that may be used to control tumor growth. " 01/01/2012 - "Compared with primary tumor cells, metastatic tumor cells were highly sensitive to TLR3-mediated apoptosis after double-stranded RNA treatment. " 03/01/2011 - "Adjuvant treatment with double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) was associated with a significant decrease in the risk of metastatic relapse in TLR3 positive but not in TLR3-negative breast cancers. "
3.	Breast Neoplasms (Breast Cancer) 03/01/2011 - "TLR3 as a biomarker for the therapeutic efficacy of double-stranded RNA in breast cancer." 07/01/2006 - "Chemically synthesized double stranded RNA (dsRNA) targeting HYAL1 was transfected into human breast cancer cell lines MDA-MB-231, MDA-MB-453S, ZR-75 and ZR-75-30 using SiPORT lipid. " 01/01/2013 - "In this study, we show that RA is able to induce the intrinsic ability of breast cancer cells to recognize double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) through the upregulation of Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) expression. " 01/01/2012 - "Double-stranded RNA-dependent protein kinase regulates the motility of breast cancer cells." 06/24/2008 - "Double stranded RNA (dsRNA) targeting the livin gene was chemically synthesized in vitro and transfected into human breast cancer cells of the line ZR-75-30 mediated by lipofectamine 2000. "
4.	Malaria 11/01/2010 - "The parasite cultures treated with co-addition of PfeIF4A and PfeIF4E double stranded RNA showed ∼67% growth inhibition suggesting that inhibition of two components of the same pathway is more effective for inhibiting the proliferation of the malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum. " 09/01/2002 - "In this study, we report the results of RNAi by double-stranded RNA of cysteine protease genes (falcipain-1 and -2) in the malaria parasite, Plasmodium falciparum. " 04/03/2009 - "Inhibition of Plasmodium falciparum proliferation in vitro by double-stranded RNA directed against malaria histone deacetylase." 02/01/2002 - "Erythrocyte-infecting stages of the malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum were treated with double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) encoding a segment of the gene encoding dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH). " 10/01/2010 - "Chitosan/double-stranded RNA nanoparticle-mediated RNA interference to silence chitin synthase genes through larval feeding in the African malaria mosquito (Anopheles gambiae)."
5.	Measles 05/01/1988 - "Transfection studies on DNA obtained from 16 multiple sclerosis (MS) and 13 non-MS brain tissues suggested that 3/16 (19%) MS and 3/13 (23%) non-MS samples contained contaminating measles virus double-stranded RNA, and that 6/16 (38%) MS and 0/13 non-MS samples contained DNA transcripts of measles genes. " 12/01/1989 - "Cultures of diploid human fibroblasts and these tumor cells stimulated with interleukin (IL) 1 or double-stranded RNA [poly(rI).poly(rC)], or infected with viruses (measles or rubella viruses) were found to produce chemotactic activity for both monocytes and granulocytes. " 07/01/1985 - "Of a series of carbocyclic analogs of adenosine, in which the ribose moiety was replaced by a cyclopentenyl ring, neplanocin A, or (-)-9-[trans-2, trans-3-dihydroxy-4-(hydroxymethyl)cyclopent-4-enyl]adenine proved particularly effective in inhibiting the multiplication of DNA viruses (i.e., vaccinia), (-)RNA viruses (i.e., parainfluenza, measles, and vesicular stomatitis), and double-stranded RNA viruses (i.e., reo) in vitro in cell culture. "

Related Drugs and Biologics

1.	Interferons
2.	Poly I-C
3.	Protein Kinases (Protein Kinase)
4.	Small Interfering RNA (siRNA)
5.	Hemagglutinins (Hemagglutinin)
6.	Peptide Initiation Factors (Initiation Factor)
7.	Peptides
8.	Carbon Monoxide
9.	Adenosine
10.	Caspase 3 (Caspase-3)

Related Therapies and Procedures

1.	Immunotherapy
2.	Intravenous Injections
3.	Intraperitoneal Injections
4.	Injections
5.	Aftercare (After-Treatment)