RNA Virus Infections

11/01/2011 - "In conclusion, this preliminary study showed that this DNA microarray could be a valuable molecular diagnostic tool for single and mixed DNA and RNA virus infections of the CNS."
09/01/2015 - "However, it was reported in 2006 that dsRNA could be detected by immunofluorescence antibody staining in double-stranded DNA and positive-strand RNA virus infections but not in negative-strand RNA virus infections. "
01/01/2011 - "Successful attempts in using RNAi for prevention and treatment of DNA and RNA virus infections both in vitro and in vivo experiments have been reported. "
06/01/2010 - "DNA virus score point is an efficient novel method in differentiating between DNA and RNA virus infections."
08/01/2009 - "MAVS-overexpressing cells were almost fully protected against RNA virus infection, with a strong inhibition of both DNA and RNA virus replication (1,000- and 10,000-fold decreases, respectively). "

02/01/2005 - "Given the recent observation that RNA viruses exist on the threshold of error catastrophe, the studies reviewed herein suggest novel strategies to perturb RdRP fidelity that may lead ultimately to the development of antiviral agents to treat RNA virus infection."
01/01/2008 - "RNA virus infections cause immense human disease burdens globally, and few effective antiviral drugs are available for their treatment. "
01/01/2003 - "We speculate that incorporated nucleoside analogues with the capacity of changing the thermodynamics of regulatory secondary structures (with or without introducing mutations) may represent an important class of new antiviral agents for the treatment of RNA virus infections, especially HCV."

09/01/2010 - "This research is the first application of SILAC to study total host cell proteome changes in response to positive sense RNA virus infection and illustrates the versatility of this technique as applied to infectious disease research."
01/01/2015 - "To identify components that regulate MAVS signalosome assembly on the MAM, we characterized the proteome of MAM, ER, and cytosol from cells infected with either chronic (hepatitis C) or acute (Sendai) RNA virus infections, as well as mock-infected cells. "

09/01/2015 - "The tMAVS mRNA expression was rapidly and significantly increased after RNA virus infections. "
10/01/2013 - "In this study, we reported that both the mRNA and protein levels of IFIT5 are up-regulated in response to RNA virus infection or polyinosinic-cytidylic acid stimulation. "

10/01/2013 - "In this study, we reported that both the mRNA and protein levels of IFIT5 are up-regulated in response to RNA virus infection or polyinosinic-cytidylic acid stimulation. "

07/01/2015 - "RNA virus infection is sensed in the cytoplasm by the retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG-I)-like receptors. "
01/01/2015 - "The retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG-I) is a critical sensor for host recognition of RNA virus infection and initiation of antiviral signaling pathways in mammals. "
11/15/2010 - "In this paper, we show that RNA virus infection induces miR-155 expression in macrophages via TLR/MyD88-independent but retinoic acid-inducible gene I/JNK/NF-κB-dependent pathway. "
10/01/2015 - "Melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5 (MDA5) is a member of retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG-I)-like receptor (RLR) family which can initiate type I IFN expression in response to RNA virus infection. "
01/01/2013 - "Cytoplasmic retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG-I)-like receptors, including RIG-I and melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5 (MDA5), are critical pathogen sensors for activation of type-I IFN expression in response to RNA virus infection. "

01/31/2013 - "By increasing type I interferon production, targeted inactivation of Siglecg protects mice against lethal RNA virus infection. "
01/01/2013 - "Induction of type-I interferons (IFNs), IFN-α/β, is crucial to innate immunity against RNA virus infection. "
10/01/2011 - "Sensing of RNA virus infection by the RIG-I-like receptors (RLRs) engages a complex signaling cascade that utilizes the mitochondrial antiviral signaling (MAVS) adapter protein to orchestrate the innate host response to pathogen, ultimately leading to the induction of antiviral and inflammatory responses mediated by type I interferon (IFN) and NF-κB pathways. "
02/01/2008 - "The innate immune system initially recognizes RNA virus infection and evokes antiviral responses by producing type I interferons (IFNs). "
12/01/2005 - "RNA virus infection substantially increased levels of type-I interferon (IFN) and TLR 3 transcripts and to a lesser extent TLR 9 transcripts. "

02/10/2014 - "Here, we report that USP21 acts as a novel negative regulator in antiviral responses through its ability to bind to and deubiquitinate RIG-I. Overexpression of USP21 inhibited RNA virus-induced RIG-I polyubiquitination and RIG-I-mediated interferon (IFN) signaling, whereas deletion of USP21 resulted in elevated RIG-I polyubiquitination, IRF3 phosphorylation, IFN-α/β production, and antiviral responses in MEFs in response to RNA virus infection. "
01/01/2014 - "Critical role of interferon-α constitutively produced in human hepatocytes in response to RNA virus infection."
08/01/2013 - "RIG-I signals for induction of interferons during RNA virus infection while IFITs sequester viral RNAs to exert an anti-viral effect. "
10/01/2009 - "IL28B contributes to viral resistance and is known to be upregulated by interferons and by RNA virus infection. "
04/19/2007 - "Furthermore, gene targeting demonstrates that TRIM25 is essential not only for RIG-I ubiquitination but also for RIG-I-mediated interferon- production and antiviral activity in response to RNA virus infection. "

11/15/2011 - "Cytoplasmic and endosomal RNA sensors recognize RNA virus infection and signals to protect host cells by inducing type I IFN. "
02/05/2010 - "RIG-I detects viral genomic RNA during negative-strand RNA virus infection."
11/01/2008 - "Therefore, differential expression of TLR3 and TLR22, rather than simple redundancy of RNA sensors, may explain the effective protection of fish from RNA virus infection in the water. "
08/01/2015 - "A novel, sequence-dependent, uridine-rich RIG-I agonist generated a protective antiviral response in vitro and in vivo and was effective at concentrations 100-fold lower than prototype sequences or other RNA agonists, highlighting the robust activity and potential clinical use of the 5'pppRNA against RNA virus infection. "
01/01/2011 - "The cytosolic pattern-recognition receptor RIG-I senses double-stranded RNA and 5'-triphosphate RNA produced during RNA virus infections. "

01/15/2010 - "Foxp3(+)CD4(+) regulatory T cells (Treg) control not only autoimmunity but also the effective immune response against RNA virus infections, which produces virus-derived double-stranded RNA (dsRNA). "
02/01/2009 - "The RNAi response is triggered by double-stranded RNA (dsRNA), which occurs in the cytoplasm as a result of positive-sense RNA virus infection, leading to production of small interfering RNAs (siRNAs). "
07/01/2007 - "Expression of double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) homologous to virus sequences can effectively interfere with RNA virus infection in plant cells by triggering RNA silencing. "
01/01/2011 - "The cytosolic pattern-recognition receptor RIG-I senses double-stranded RNA and 5'-triphosphate RNA produced during RNA virus infections. "
03/01/2010 - "We designed a strategy to isolate double-stranded RNA, a hallmark of RNA virus infection, from individual plants and convert this to cDNA with a unique four nucleotide Tag at each end. "

04/01/2008 - "As RNA virus infection is predicated on the delivery, replication, and translation of viral RNA, these pathogens present an obvious target for the rapidly advancing field of sequence-specific therapeutics. "