Rifampin (Rifampicin)

A semisynthetic antibiotic produced from Streptomyces mediterranei. It has a broad antibacterial spectrum, including activity against several forms of Mycobacterium. In susceptible organisms it inhibits DNA-dependent RNA polymerase activity by forming a stable complex with the enzyme. It thus suppresses the initiation of RNA synthesis. Rifampin is bactericidal, and acts on both intracellular and extracellular organisms. (From Gilman et al., Goodman and Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 9th ed, p1160)

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Networked: 5741 relevant articles (544 outcomes, 599 trials/studies)

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Drug Context: Research Results

Experts

1.	McIlleron, Helen: 20 articles (01/2015 - 07/2005)
2.	Peloquin, Charles A: 19 articles (08/2013 - 09/2002)
3.	Nuermberger, Eric L: 17 articles (07/2015 - 02/2004)
4.	Aarnoutse, Rob E: 14 articles (08/2015 - 10/2006)
5.	Jarlier, Vincent: 14 articles (01/2014 - 01/2002)
6.	Trampuz, Andrej: 12 articles (08/2015 - 02/2005)
7.	Grosset, Jacques H: 12 articles (06/2015 - 02/2004)
8.	Karakousis, Petros C: 12 articles (01/2015 - 09/2004)
9.	Manosuthi, Weerawat: 11 articles (01/2014 - 09/2005)
10.	Zimmerli, Werner: 11 articles (09/2013 - 11/2004)

Related Diseases

1.	Infection 07/01/1990 - "Rifampin cured 12 of 12 infections and was also the most efficient drug in any experimental in vitro test. " 08/01/2011 - "The results of the present study suggest that the ASA score significantly affects the outcome of patients treated for total hip and knee prosthetic infections due to MSSA or MRSA and that rifampin combination therapy is associated with a better outcome for these patients when compared with other antibiotic regimens." 01/01/2010 - "Rifampin may be effective in the treatment of persistent CoNS infections in neonates. " 01/01/2010 - "A prominent observation from this review is that rifampin combination therapy appears to have improved treatment outcomes in cases in which there is a low organism burden, such as biofilm infections, but is less effective when effective surgery to obtain source control is not performed. " 12/01/2008 - "Peripheral blood from all dogs became PCR negative after antibiotic treatment, suggesting that these infections were eliminated and that rifampin is an effective alternative chemotherapeutic agent for treatment of CME."
2.	Tuberculosis (Tuberculoses) 08/01/2011 - "The GeneXpert assay was highly effective for tuberculosis diagnosis and identification of rifampin-resistant strains in smear-negative samples." 11/01/2005 - "Rifampicin is one of the oldest and most effective chemotherapeutic agents available for the treatment of tuberculosis but exhibits variable bioavailability from separate and fixed dose combination formulations, which has been identified as a major bottleneck in the effective treatment of tuberculosis. " 01/01/2015 - "Although high-dose rifampicin holds promise for improving tuberculosis control by potentially shortening treatment duration, these effects attributed to eradication of persistent bacteria are unclear. " 07/01/2013 - "If tuberculosis (TB) is to be eliminated as a global health problem in the foreseeable future, improved detection of patients, earlier diagnosis and timely identification of rifampicin resistance will be critical. " 05/15/2013 - "Optimization of the rifampin dosage to improve the therapeutic efficacy in tuberculosis treatment using a murine model."
3.	Pulmonary Tuberculosis 05/04/1974 - "Therapeutic efficacy of rifampin in newly detected pulmonary tuberculosis." 07/01/2005 - "Since the introduction of rifampicin, it has been believed that pulmonary tuberculosis can be cured with medication alone. " 11/01/2000 - "To assess the efficacy of a daily, self-administered 8-month rifampicin-containing regimen for the treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infected adults. " 11/01/2000 - "Efficacy of an unsupervised 8-month rifampicin-containing regimen for the treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis in HIV-infected adults. " 10/01/1984 - "[Relation between the efficacy of complex therapy of patients with destructive pulmonary tuberculosis and the duration of rifampicin administration]."
4.	Brucellosis (Malta Fever) 01/12/1984 - "Rifampin, which exhibits good intracellular diffusion and in vitro bactericidal activity on brucella, is effective in experimental brucellosis in mice, without selection of resistant strains. " 01/01/1990 - "It is evident from this study that the treatment with rifampicin alone is not as effective in brucellosis as it is when given with another appropriate drug." 04/01/2013 - "Rifampin is considered the mainstay of treatment of brucellosis during pregnancy, in various combinations. " 12/01/2005 - "This study shows that the Republic of Korea is no longer free of human brucellosis, Brucella abortus biotype 1. We reviewed the patients' characteristics and serologic data during the one-year follow up period, and we also discuss on the efficacy and side effects of the rifampin and doxycyline regimen used for the treatment of human brucellosis." 01/01/2015 - "abortus strains isolated from cattle in Brazil were sensitive to the antimicrobials commonly used for the treatment of human brucellosis; however, a considerable proportion of strains showed reduced susceptibility to rifampicin and two strains were considered multidrug resistant. "
5.	Pruritus (Itching) 02/01/1988 - "Visual analogue scale pruritus scores showed no significant placebo response or any effect from the order of treatment, but did show a highly significant reduction in pruritus in response to rifampin (p less than 0.002). " 12/01/2008 - "Administration of rifampin during the acute episode of severe pruritus led to a marked improvement in his quality of life. " 07/01/1993 - "Rifampicin appears to be effective in the treatment of refractory pruritus. " 04/01/1990 - "Rifampin proved effective in alleviating pruritus in all five children tested compared with a placebo-treated group. " 03/01/2007 - "The present study aimed at verifying the safety and efficacy of rifampicin in ameliorating pruritus in cholestatic children. "

Related Drugs and Biologics

1.	Isoniazid (Ftivazide)
2.	Vancomycin
3.	Ethambutol (Myambutol)
4.	Pyrazinamide
5.	Streptomycin (Streptomycin Sulfate)
6.	Doxycycline (Vibramycin)
7.	Ofloxacin (Levofloxacin)
8.	Minocycline (Cyclops)
9.	Ciprofloxacin (Cipro)
10.	Erythromycin (Erycette)

Related Therapies and Procedures

1.	Drug Therapy (Chemotherapy)
2.	Transplants (Transplant)
3.	Catheters
4.	Chemoprevention
5.	Prostheses and Implants (Prosthesis)