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Ribavirin (Virazole)

A nucleoside antimetabolite antiviral agent that blocks nucleic acid synthesis and is used against both RNA and DNA viruses.

Also Known As:

Virazole; Ribasphere; Dermatech Brand of Ribavirin; Essex Brand of Ribavirin; Grossman Brand of Ribavirin; ICN Brand of Ribavirin; ICN-1229; Merck Brand of Ribavirin; Pfizer Brand of Ribavirin; Rebetol; Ribamide; Ribamidil; Ribamidyl; Three Rivers Pharmaceuticals Brand of Ribavirin; Vilona; Viramide; Virazide; ICN 1229; ICN1229; Ribavirin Merck Brand; Ribovirin; Tribavirin; 1H-1,2,4-Triazole-3-carboxamide, 1-beta-D-ribofuranosyl-

Networked: 6629 relevant articles (996 outcomes, 1169 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Drug Context: Research Results

Nucleic Acids, Nucleotides, and Nucleosides: 1
- Nucleosides: 713
  - Ribonucleosides: 34
    - Ribavirin: 6629

Experts

1.	Zeuzem, Stefan: 111 articles (10/2015 - 12/2002)
2.	McHutchison, John G: 70 articles (12/2015 - 03/2002)
3.	Marcellin, Patrick: 67 articles (08/2015 - 01/2002)
4.	Kumada, Hiromitsu: 64 articles (05/2015 - 01/2002)
5.	Shiffman, Mitchell L: 61 articles (12/2015 - 09/2002)
6.	Pol, Stanislas: 54 articles (10/2015 - 07/2002)
7.	Ferenci, Peter: 50 articles (11/2015 - 11/2002)
8.	Sulkowski, Mark S: 48 articles (11/2015 - 11/2002)
9.	Chayama, Kazuaki: 46 articles (04/2015 - 01/2006)
10.	Yu, Ming-Lung: 43 articles (10/2015 - 10/2004)

Related Diseases

1.	Chronic Hepatitis C 03/01/2013 - "Our objective was to determine which PEG-IFN (α2a or α2b), in association with ribavirin, is the most effective for the treatment of chronic hepatitis C by performing an updated meta-analysis. " 10/01/2006 - "These results show that combination therapy with Peg-IFNalpha2b plus ribavirin is highly efficacious in hemophiliacs with chronic hepatitis C." 01/01/2002 - "Combination therapy with subcutaneous interferon-alpha-2b [3 million units (MU) three times per week] plus oral ribavirin (1000 to 1200 mg/day) has proven effective in several well designed trials of 24 to 48 weeks' duration in adult patients with compensated chronic hepatitis C. " 01/01/2003 - "In conclusion, combination therapy comprising subcutaneous peginterferon-alpha-2a (40kD) and oral ribavirin is an important new treatment option for chronic hepatitis C. " 07/01/2013 - "The long-term outcome, including APRI, of chronic hepatitis C patients treated successfully with PegIFN/ribavirin and followed for a mean of 5.7 years is favorable. "
2.	Infection 03/01/2008 - "This study shows that a combination therapy of peginterferon and ribavirin is highly effective for chronic HCV infection, producing a high SVR and ETR." 05/15/2014 - "Once-daily ledipasvir-sofosbuvir with or without ribavirin for 12 or 24 weeks was highly effective in previously untreated patients with HCV genotype 1 infection. " 03/20/2014 - "This retrospective, multicenter study showed that ribavirin as monotherapy may be effective in the treatment of chronic HEV infection; a 3-month course seemed to be an appropriate duration of therapy for most patients." 01/01/2004 - "The most effective treatment for chronic HCV infection is combination antiviral therapy with peginterferon and ribavirin. " 02/01/1993 - "The nucleoside analog--ribavirin--was highly effective against Caraparu virus in repeated treatment schedules begun on either day -1, day 0, or day +1 of infection. "
3.	Hepatitis C 11/01/2002 - "Thus, the combination of peginterferon and ribavirin was the most efficacious treatment in patients with HCV genotype 1. Long-term outcomes were improved in patients with hepatitis C who achieved an SVR with treatment." 01/01/2002 - "The substituted IFN had an enhanced pharmacokinetic profile in both animal and human studies, and, when combined with ribavirin, was very effective in reducing hepatitis C viral load and maintaining sustained viral suppression in patients." 02/01/2009 - "Ribavirin: current role in the optimal clinical management of chronic hepatitis C." 05/01/2005 - "Nonetheless, there are now data to support the safety, tolerability and efficacy of hepatitis C treatment with peginterferon plus ribavirin in HIV-infected patients, and the impetus to treat these patients is, therefore, strong. " 01/01/2012 - "The aim of this study was to document in real life the characteristics and management of hepatitis C patients treated with pegylated interferon-α2a and ribavirin, and the efficacy of treatment (sustained virological response [SVR]). "
4.	Fibrosis (Cirrhosis) 12/01/2006 - "Thus, (1) patients with genotypes 2 and 3 and severe fibrosis can be treated with low dose of Peg-IFN and ribavirin, (2) this study suggests that patients with genotypes 1, 4 and 5 and high viraemia could receive a standard dose of Peg-IFN associated with ribavirin for 48 weeks, (3) side effects limit the efficacy of the treatment with standard dose of Peg-IFN in patients with genotypes 1, 4 and 5 and low viraemia, (4) more studies are needed for patients with genotype 2 or 3 to define the optimal duration (24 or 48 weeks) in patients with severe fibrosis." 04/24/2010 - "Relapse risk increased in patients with cirrhosis, in those with ribavirin dose reductions and in late responders: more than 65% of patients who cleared the virus between weeks 12 and 24 relapsed following 48 weeks of treatment compared with 10% of those attaining a complete EVR (<15 IU/ml) at treatment week 12 (risk ratio 6.4, 95% confidence interval 2.9-14.4). " 01/01/2008 - "Pegylated interferon-alpha2b plus ribavirin: an efficacious and well-tolerated treatment regimen for patients with hepatitis C virus related histologically proven cirrhosis." 08/01/2015 - "Ribavirin is required only for some treatment regimens and may be particularly beneficial in patients with cirrhosis. " 04/01/2000 - "Although current evidence suggests that the combination of ribavirin and IFN-alpha might be more efficacious than IFN alone in increasing the response rate in patients in the advanced fibrotic stage, the efficacy of this regimen for patients with well-compensated HCV-related cirrhosis is still unknown and prospective well-designed studies are urgently needed. "
5.	Anemia 08/01/2012 - "ITPA rs1127354 major type leads to significantly greater ribavirin-induced anemia than ITPA rs1127354 minor type between days 0 and 84. " 07/01/2005 - "Unless ribavirin can be shown to be effective against SARS-coronavirus, the risk of anemia posed by this drug argues against its use in SARS patients." 08/01/2012 - "Following these studies, ITPA gene variants were reported to affect ribavirin-induced anemia and therapeutic outcomes of CHC patients. " 10/01/2010 - "ITPA polymorphism affects ribavirin-induced anemia and outcomes of therapy--a genome-wide study of Japanese HCV virus patients." 11/01/2004 - "This study was conducted to identify the factors contributing to ribavirin-induced anemia. "

Related Drugs and Biologics

1.	Interferons
2.	Interferon-alpha (Interferon Alfa)
3.	telaprevir
4.	Protease Inhibitors (Protease Inhibitor)
5.	N- (3- amino- 1- (cyclobutylmethyl)- 2,3- dioxopropyl)- 3- (2- ((((1,1- dimethylethyl)amino)carbonyl)amino)- 3,3- dimethyl- 1- oxobutyl)- 6,6- dimethyl- 3- azabicyclo(3.1.0)hexan- 2- carboxamide
6.	Amantadine (Aman)
7.	peginterferon alfa-2a (Pegasys)
8.	Antiviral Agents (Antivirals)
9.	RNA (Ribonucleic Acid)
10.	peginterferon alfa-2b (Pegintron)

Related Therapies and Procedures

1.	Liver Transplantation
2.	Retreatment
3.	Transplantation (Transplant Recipients)
4.	Aftercare (After-Treatment)
5.	Transplants (Transplant)