Rhinoscleroma

A granulomatous disease caused by KLEBSIELLA RHINOSCLEROMATIS infection. Despite its name, this disease is not limited to the nose and NASOPHARYNX but may affect any part of the RESPIRATORY TRACT, sometimes with extension to the lip and the skin.

Also Known As:

Networked: 55 relevant articles (6 outcomes, 8 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Disease Context: Research Results

Related Diseases

1.	Wegener Granulomatosis (Wegener's Granulomatosis)
2.	Sarcoidosis (Schaumann Disease)
3.	Paracoccidioidomycosis (South American Blastomycosis)
4.	Leprosy (Hansen's Disease)
5.	Infection

Experts

1.	Hammad, Mostafa Sayed: 1 article (07/2015)
2.	Awad, Osama G Abdel-Naby: 1 article (07/2015)
3.	Liu, Hong-gang: 1 article (06/2013)
4.	Lü, Jing: 1 article (06/2013)
5.	Almeida, Ana S: 1 article (04/2013)
6.	Cumano, Ana: 1 article (04/2013)
7.	Taront, Solenne: 1 article (04/2013)
8.	Kieusseian, Aurélie: 1 article (04/2013)
9.	Huerre, Michel: 1 article (04/2013)
10.	Prevost, Marie-Christine: 1 article (04/2013)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to Rhinoscleroma:

1.	Streptomycin (Streptomycin Sulfate)FDA Link 01/01/1949 - "Rhinoscleroma apparently cured with streptomycin." 06/01/1948 - "Rhinoscleroma apparently cured with streptomycin." 12/01/1947 - "Rhinoscleroma apparently cured with streptomycin." 07/01/1986 - "The effect of streptomycin and irradiation on rhinoscleroma (electron microscopic study)." 01/01/1970 - "[Late results of serological studies of patients treated with streptomycin for rhinoscleroma in the years 1956-1965]."
2.	Acriflavine (Euflavine)IBA 04/01/1988 - "Shaer et al. (1981) reported that local application of 2 per cent acriflavine solution over an eight-week period was an effective and safe remedy for rhinoscleroma. " 07/01/1981 - "Local acriflavine solution, in a concentration of 2 per cent, has been shown to be an effective and safe remedy for rhinoscleroma." 07/01/1981 - "Local acriflavine: a new therapy for rhinoscleroma."
3.	Ciprofloxacin (Cipro)FDA LinkGeneric 11/01/1993 - "A case of rhinoscleroma cured with ciprofloxacin." 03/01/2001 - "A case of rhinoscleroma treated with ciprofloxacin." 08/01/1995 - "Rhinoscleroma treated with ciprofloxacin: a case report." 03/01/2001 - "We report on a young patient with nasal rhinoscleroma who achieved resolution after treatment with oral ciprofloxacin. " 08/01/1995 - "Ciprofloxacin may prove to be useful in the therapy of rhinoscleroma because it is convenient for oral administration, achieves good tissue levels, is concentrated in macrophages, and is generally well tolerated as long-term therapy. "
4.	Rifampin (Rifampicin)FDA LinkGeneric 10/01/1990 - "Electron microscopic study of the pathological changes in the lesions showed that rifampicin is highly effective both systemically and locally in the treatment of rhinoscleroma." 10/01/1990 - "The effect of rifampicin on rhinoscleroma: an electron microscopic study." 04/01/1988 - "The aim of the present study was to evaluate the response of rhinoscleroma to local medication with rifampicin." 03/01/2002 - "The current report is the second published case of rhinoscleroma in an elderly person and the first report on its cure by local treatment with a 3% rifampin ointment. " 04/01/1988 - "Local rifampicin in treatment of rhinoscleroma."
5.	FluoroquinolonesIBA 03/01/2001 - "As mentioned in a review of patients with rhinoscleroma at the Mayo clinic in 1993, the fluoroquinolones deserve further study as potentially highly effective agents for this condition. " 08/01/1995 - "As mentioned in a recent review of patients with rhinoscleroma at the Mayo Clinic, the fluoroquinolones deserve further study as potentially highly effective agents for this uncommon but significant infectious condition."
6.	Complement System Proteins (Complement)IBA 05/01/1982 - "Bactericidal activity of serum for Klebsiella rhinoscleromatis: studies on serum from a patient with rhinoscleroma and sera deficient in antibody or complement." 01/01/1983 - "The complement fixation test in rhinoscleroma." 01/01/1947 - "Complement fixation in scleroma (rhinoscleroma)."
7.	Mitomycin (Mitomycin-C)FDA LinkGeneric 07/01/2015 - "This study assessed the effect of topical mitomycin C (MMC) on reducing the recurrence of granulation tissue and intranasal adhesions after endoscopic debulking and continuous medical treatment of nasal rhinoscleroma. " 07/01/2015 - "Topical mitomycin C as an adjunct to surgical debulking and medical treatment in rhinoscleroma."
8.	Tetracycline (Achromycin)FDA LinkGeneric 05/01/1996 - "Early rhinoscleroma is usually successfully treated with oral tetracycline, yet laryngotracheal disease may require operative intervention. " 08/01/1995 - "We report on a patient with extensive nasal rhinoscleroma who achieved pathologic and bacteriologic resolution during treatment with oral ciprofloxacin after previous courses of tetracycline and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. " 08/01/1992 - "We tested in vitro the activities of streptomycin and tetracycline--antibiotics that have long been used to treat rhinoscleroma--as well as several newer oral agents by using 23 isolates of the causative organism Klebsiella rhinoscleromatis. "
9.	Oxytetracycline (Terramycin)FDA Link 10/01/1954 - "Rhinoscleroma successfully treated with oxytetracycline (terramycin)." 06/01/1952 - "[Course of rhinoscleroma treated with terramycin; histological picture]." 01/01/1970 - "[Rhinoscleroma treated by a thiophenicol and terramycin association (a case)]."
10.	Immunoglobulin G (IgG)IBA 06/01/2013 - "Twenty-two cases studied fulfilled the diagnostic criteria of IgG4-SD (>50 IgG4-positive plasma cells per high-power field and IgG4-to-IgG ratio > 40%), including 3 cases of chronic sinusitis (3/20), 3 cases of nasal polyps (3/18), 3 cases of inflammatory pseudotumor (3/17), 4 cases of fungal sinusitis (4/20), 1 case of rhinoscleroma (1/12), 7 cases of Wegener's granulomatosis (7/11) and 1 case of Rosai-Dorfman disease (1/2). " 11/01/1993 - "Although serology alone appeared to have little value for the specific diagnosis of rhinoscleroma, a significant increase of IgG antibodies during treatment with ciprofloxacin confirmed infection by Klebsiella rhinoscleromatis in this case." 01/01/2010 - "The presence of high level of specific IgA, IgG and IgM antibodies in the sera obtained in different stages of disease may showed that during the rhinoscleroma is permanent stimulation of antibody production."

Therapies and Procedures

1.	Airway Management 07/01/2011 - "Airway management of an unusual case of recurrent rhinoscleroma." 11/01/1995 - "Three cases of laryngeal rhinoscleroma in pregnant women requiring tracheostomy for airway management are reported. "
2.	Lasers (Laser) 07/01/1990 - "Rhinoscleroma: management by carbon dioxide surgical laser." 08/01/1982 - "Tracheal rhinoscleroma treated by argon laser."
3.	Surgical Decompression 01/01/1981 - "Further histopathological examination of tissue removed at the time of surgical decompression also revealed rhinoscleroma. "
4.	Tracheostomy 11/01/1995 - "Three cases of laryngeal rhinoscleroma in pregnant women requiring tracheostomy for airway management are reported. "
5.	Rhinoplasty 07/01/2010 - "Open tip rhinoplasty approach was used to excise the mass, which examined pathologically revealing a rhinoscleroma, fibrotic infiltrative stage."