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Rheumatic Heart Disease (Rheumatic Heart Diseases)

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Cardiac manifestation of systemic rheumatological conditions, such as RHEUMATIC FEVER. Rheumatic heart disease can involve any part the heart, most often the HEART VALVES and the ENDOCARDIUM.

Also Known As:

Rheumatic Heart Diseases; Bouillaud Disease; Bouillaud's Disease; Bouillauds Disease; Disease, Bouillaud; Disease, Bouillaud's; Disease, Rheumatic Heart; Diseases, Rheumatic Heart; Heart Disease, Rheumatic; Heart Diseases, Rheumatic

Networked: 690 relevant articles (17 outcomes, 79 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Disease Context: Research Results

Related Diseases

1.	Atrial Fibrillation
2.	Rheumatic Fever (Acute Articular Rheumatism)
3.	Stroke (Strokes)
4.	Mitral Valve Stenosis (Mitral Stenosis)
5.	Thrombosis (Thrombus)

Experts

1.	Kalil, J: 7 articles (01/2011 - 07/2000)
2.	Guilherme, L: 7 articles (01/2011 - 07/2000)
3.	Cunningham, Madeleine W: 6 articles (07/2014 - 01/2002)
4.	Olive, Colleen: 6 articles (05/2009 - 03/2002)
5.	Kalil, Jorge: 6 articles (09/2008 - 11/2004)
6.	Guilherme, Luiza: 6 articles (09/2008 - 11/2004)
7.	Good, Michael F: 5 articles (04/2011 - 05/2003)
8.	Tanaka, Ana C: 4 articles (09/2008 - 11/2004)
9.	Pomerantzeff, Pablo M A: 4 articles (09/2008 - 11/2004)
10.	Faé, Kellen C: 4 articles (09/2008 - 05/2006)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to Rheumatic Heart Disease:

1.	Amiodarone (Amiodarona)FDA LinkGeneric 11/01/2002 - "Low-dose amiodarone was safe and effective in restoring and maintaining SR in patients with AF and rheumatic heart disease." 01/01/2008 - "[Comparative assessment of inotropic reaction of isolated myocardium of patients with ischemic and rheumatic heart disease after short-term periods of rest at the background of amiodarone]." 01/01/2008 - "[Chronotropic and inotropic dependence of the myocardium in patients with rheumatic heart disease before and after amiodarone treatment]." 12/20/2006 - "This prospective study aims to evaluate the long-term efficacy and safety of very low-dose amiodarone (100 mg daily) for the maintenance of sinus rhythm after successful direct-current (DC) cardioversion in patients with CAF and rheumatic heart disease (RHD) post intervention. " 09/01/2000 - "Amiodarone seems safe and reasonably effective in restoration and maintenance of sinus rhythm in patients of atrial fibrillation with rheumatic heart disease."
2.	Penicillin G Benzathine (LPG)FDA Link 06/01/2015 - "The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of applying manual pressure before benzathine penicillin injection and compare it with the standard injection technique in terms of reducing discomfort in children with rheumatic heart disease grouped by age and gender. " 06/01/1980 - "A two-year controlled trial of benzathine penicillin G treatment of persons who acquired group A streptococci, identified by semimonthly throat cultures, was carried out in Egypt in 110 apparently normal families and 84 families with a child suspected of having rheumatic heart disease. " 09/01/2013 - "However, as rheumatic heart disease has receded as a public health priority in most high-income settings, attention to the supply, manufacture, and accessibility of benzathine penicillin G has declined. " 05/01/2013 - "Benzathine penicillin adherence for secondary prophylaxis among patients affected with rheumatic heart disease attending Mulago Hospital." 01/01/1981 - "[Remote results of secondary prevention of rheumatic heart disease with bicillin]."
3.	Anti-Bacterial Agents (Antibiotics)IBA 11/01/2007 - "It has replaced rheumatic heart disease in prevalence in western countries due to improved access to healthcare and the widespread use of antibiotics." 12/01/1979 - "Antibiotics and cardiac surgery have improved the outcome from rheumatic heart disease. " 03/01/1958 - "[Use of antibiotics in therapy & prevention of Bouillaud's disease]." 07/01/2006 - "If our results are confirmed, mechanistic studies examining how pernicious anemia might promote increased occurrence of CLL and how chronic rheumatic heart disease protects against CLL, perhaps related to long-term antibiotics use, may provide insights to the as-yet-unknown etiology of CLL." 01/01/2012 - "Early detection of acute rheumatic fever and provision of secondary prophylaxis with antibiotics is paramount to the prevention of rheumatic heart disease. "
4.	EpitopesIBA 05/01/2003 - "An LCP formulation incorporating two different protective epitopes of the surface antiphagocytic M protein of group A streptococci (GAS)--the causative agents of rheumatic fever and subsequent rheumatic heart disease--was tested in a murine parenteral immunization and GAS challenge model. " 01/01/1996 - "Since different segments of the carboxyl terminus may be involved in immunity to GAS and in the pathogenesis of autoimmune disease (rheumatic heart disease), it is important to precisely define critical epitopes. " 07/01/1994 - "Monoclonal antibody D8/17 originally prepared by immunization of mice with B cells from a patient with rheumatic heart disease (RHD) reacts with epitopes expressed on significantly elevated proportions of B cells (10-35%) from all patients with acute rheumatic fever or rheumatic heart disease. " 06/01/1988 - "We conclude that continued efforts to identify the primary structures of protective and heart-crossreactive epitopes will be necessary to elucidate the pathogenesis of acute rheumatic heart disease and to develop safe and effective streptococcal vaccines." 11/01/1986 - "Identification of the primary structures containing tissue-crossreactive as opposed to protective epitopes should not only allow the development of safe and effective M protein vaccines, but may also provide insights into the pathogenesis of rheumatic heart disease."
5.	VaccinesIBA 06/12/1958 - "[Etiopathogenesis of Bouillaud's disease; fundamentals of antibiotic therapy, vaccines and excision of septic foci]." 03/15/1986 - "These studies hold promise for the development of safe and effective vaccines against group A streptococci, especially against the strains giving rise to rheumatic fever and rheumatic heart disease." 01/01/2006 - "Advances in potential M-protein peptide-based vaccines for preventing rheumatic fever and rheumatic heart disease." 11/01/1986 - "Identification of the primary structures containing tissue-crossreactive as opposed to protective epitopes should not only allow the development of safe and effective M protein vaccines, but may also provide insights into the pathogenesis of rheumatic heart disease."
6.	Warfarin (Coumadin)FDA LinkGeneric 01/01/2012 - "This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility of clinical application of pharmacogenetic-based warfarin-dosing algorithm in patients of Han nationality with rheumatic heart disease after valve replacement in a randomized and controlled trial. " 01/01/2012 - "It is feasible for the clinical application of the pharmacogenetic-based warfarin-dosing algorithm in patients of Han nationality with rheumatic heart disease after valve replacement." 01/01/2012 - "One hundred and one consecutive patients of Han nationality with rheumatic heart disease undergoing valve surgery were enrolled and randomly assigned to an experimental group (n=50, based on CYP2C9 and VKORC1 genotypes, pharmacogenetic-based "predicted warfarin dose" for 3 days and then was adjusted to INR until stable warfarin maintenance dose) or a control group (n=51, 2.5mg/d for 3 days and then was adjusted to INR until stable warfarin maintenance dose). " 01/01/2001 - "Warfarin was used less often in patients with nonrheumatic valvular (16.7%) and nonvalvular diseases (20.1%) than in those with rheumatic heart disease (81.6%, p < 0.001). " 11/01/2011 - "There are few studies in Sub-Saharan Africa that describe warfarin management in spite of the high incidence of venous thromboembolism (VTE) and rheumatic heart disease. "
7.	Penicillins (Penicillin)FDA Link 07/01/2010 - "Prophylactic penicillin by the full moon: a novel approach in Central Australia that may help to reduce the risk of rheumatic heart disease." 10/01/2011 - "Out of 1,059 school children aged 6-15 years, screened 2 years ago, 54 children were diagnosed with rheumatic heart disease (RHD) and put on penicillin prophylaxis. " 02/01/2008 - "Our findings reflect the high burden and early age of death due to rheumatic heart disease in Fiji and the Pacific region generally, and underline the need for early detection and adequate secondary penicillin prophylaxis in this region." 08/01/2007 - "Within this population adherence with penicillin prophylaxis is inadequate to protect against recurrence of ARF and consequent worsening of rheumatic heart disease. " 03/01/2003 - "Giving penicillin to these people can prevent recurrent attacks of RF and subsequent rheumatic heart disease. "
8.	Aspirin (Acetylsalicylic Acid)FDA LinkGeneric 11/01/1994 - "Use of aspirin as the sole antiplatelet agent following prosthetic valve replacement in rheumatic heart disease." 01/01/1994 - "Our study does not support the use of aspirin in primary prevention of cardiac embolism in chronic rheumatic heart disease." 05/05/1960 - "A COMPARISON of the effect of prednisone and acetylsalicylic acid on the incidence of residual rheumatic heart disease. " 01/01/1994 - "Primary prevention of cardioembolic stroke in chronic rheumatic heart disease was found to be more effective with coumadin than aspirin. " 01/01/1994 - "The comparative study of the efficacy of coumadin and aspirin in primary cardioembolic stroke prevention of chronic rheumatic heart disease (mitral stenosis) with atrial fibrillation was conducted at Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand. "
9.	Nitric Oxide (Nitrogen Monoxide)FDA Link 01/01/2001 - "The level of exhaled nitric oxide was significantly greater in patients with rheumatic heart disease than in controls. " 01/01/2001 - "Increased nitric oxide in exhaled air in patients with rheumatic heart disease." 01/01/2001 - "The aim of this study was to measure nitric oxide in the exhaled air of patients with chronic rheumatic heart disease with and without pulmonary hypertension. " 01/01/2001 - "We found increased nitric oxide in the exhaled air in patients with rheumatic heart disease, especially in those with pulmonary hypertension, compared with healthy patients." 03/01/2003 - "To estimate the activity of the immunopathological process in patients with ARF, plasma nitric oxide metabolities (NOx) concentrations, IL-1alpha and IL-2 levels were investigated in 22 patients with ARF at the time on admission, and after 3 months, in children with chronic rheumatic heart disease (CRHD). "
10.	Streptococcal VaccinesIBA 06/01/1988 - "We conclude that continued efforts to identify the primary structures of protective and heart-crossreactive epitopes will be necessary to elucidate the pathogenesis of acute rheumatic heart disease and to develop safe and effective streptococcal vaccines."

Therapies and Procedures

1.	Electric Countershock (Cardioversion) 08/14/2001 - "Seventeen patients with rheumatic heart disease and symptomatic chronic AF underwent multisite atrial mapping during reinduction of AF after cardioversion. " 08/14/2001 - "There is little information concerning mapping and radiofrequency ablation (RFA) of arrhythmias seen during reinduction of atrial fibrillation (AF) after pharmacological and/or electrical cardioversion in patients with chronic AF and rheumatic heart disease. " 08/14/2001 - "Chronic atrial fibrillation in patients with rheumatic heart disease: mapping and radiofrequency ablation of flutter circuits seen at initiation after cardioversion." 07/01/1970 - "-operative DC cardioversion is in general not recommended for patients with rheumatic heart disease and atrial fibrillation unless atrial fibrillation occurs for the first time in the post-operative period. " 12/20/2006 - "This prospective study aims to evaluate the long-term efficacy and safety of very low-dose amiodarone (100 mg daily) for the maintenance of sinus rhythm after successful direct-current (DC) cardioversion in patients with CAF and rheumatic heart disease (RHD) post intervention. "
2.	Cardiopulmonary Bypass (Heart-Lung Bypass) 12/01/2003 - "Forty patients with congenital or rheumatic heart disease were randomized into 2 groups to receive normothermic cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB, study group, n=20) or hypothermic CPB (control group, n=20). " 08/01/2011 - "To determine the mechanism of protective effect of noninvasive limb ischemic preconditioning (NIPC) on myocardium of patients with rheumatic heart disease undergoing heart valve surgery under cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). " 02/01/2007 - "Activated clotting time (ACT) was measured during and after cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) in 30 patients with IE and 30 patients with rheumatic heart disease (RHD) respectively. " 06/01/2007 - "To evaluate the influence of preoperatively selected gut decontamination (SGD) on intestinally derived endotoxemia(ETM) in patients with rheumatic heart disease undergoing valve replacement operation with cardiopulmonary bypass(CPB). " 08/01/2005 - "Forty patients with congenital heart disease (CHD, CHD group, n = 20) or rheumatic heart disease (RHD, RHD group, n = 20) underwent on-pump (cardiopulmonary bypass, CPB) heart-beating open heart surgery. "
3.	Transplants (Transplant) 04/01/2011 - "This study was aimed to assess the pulmonary function tests (PFTs) in cardiac patients; with ischemic or rheumatic heart diseases as well as in patients who underwent coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) or valvular procedures. " 09/01/2015 - "Concomitant coronary artery bypass graft and aortic and mitral valve replacement for rheumatic heart disease: short- and mid-term outcomes." 04/17/1982 - "Ischaemic heart disease was the most common underlying cause (19 patients), with cardiomyopathy (9), rheumatic heart disease (2), failed transplants (3), and endomyocardial fibrosis (1) as the other causes of myocardial disease. " 09/01/2007 - "The causes of heart failure were congenital heart disease in four patients, dilated cardiomyopathy in two patients, rheumatic heart disease in two patients, coronary artery disease in two patients, and restrictive cardiomyopathy and transplant coronary artery disease each in one patient. "
4.	Artificial Heart (Artificial Hearts) 01/01/2012 - "The study included 94 patients with artificial heart valves aged 55.5 +/- 68 years including 47 (50%) with rheumatic heart diseases, 26 (27.7%) with infectious endocarditis, 21 (22.3%) with connective tissue dysplasia. " 07/14/2007 - "Exclusions included diarrhoea on admission, bowel pathology that could result in diarrhoea, antibiotic use in the previous four weeks, severe illness, immunosuppression, bowel surgery, artificial heart valves, and history of rheumatic heart disease or infective endocarditis. " 01/01/1992 - "Five patients had other indications for antibiotic coverage (history of rheumatic heart disease, previous endocarditis, artificial heart valve), which added four unique patients (those not already identified by murmurs) to the total. " 10/26/1985 - "Appropriate long-term oral anticoagulation prevents cardiogenic thromboembolism to a large extent in patients with artificial heart valves, rheumatic heart disease, myocardiopathy, atrial fibrillation of non-rheumatic origin, sick sinus syndrome, cardiac aneurysm, and in the exceptional cases of mitral valve prolapse with thromboembolic complications. "
5.	Injections 01/01/1960 - "[The treatment of acute inflammatory rheumatism (Bouillaud's disease and Fiessinger-Leroy-Reiter syndrome) by diacetylpyrocatecholcarboxylic acid and its injectable derivative]." 05/01/2013 - "The study aims were (1) to determine the levels of adherence with benzapen prophylaxis among rheumatic heart disease patients in Mulago Hospital, and (2) establish the patient factors associated with adherence and, (3) establish the reasons for missing monthly benzathine penicillin injections. " 08/01/1991 - "It was shown that the antibody titer varied with age, stage of rheumatic fever and rheumatic heart disease as well as the frequency of benthazine penicillin injections. "