Rhabdomyoma

A benign tumor derived from striated muscle. It is extremely rare, generally occurring in the tongue, neck muscles, larynx, uvula, nasal cavity, axilla, vulva, and heart. These tumors are treated by simple excision. (Dorland, 27th ed; DeVita Jr et al., Cancer: Principles & Practice of Oncology, 3d ed, p1354)

Also Known As:

Networked: 84 relevant articles (0 outcomes, 8 trials/studies)

Disease Context: Research Results

Related Diseases

1.	Neoplasms (Cancer)
2.	Hamartoma
3.	Rhabdomyosarcoma
4.	Angiomyolipoma
5.	Astrocytoma (Pilocytic Astrocytoma)

Experts

1.	Goyer, Isabelle: 2 articles (04/2015 - 01/2014)
2.	Major, Philippe: 2 articles (04/2015 - 01/2014)
3.	Dahdah, Nagib: 2 articles (04/2015 - 01/2014)
4.	Mizuguchi, M: 2 articles (07/2004 - 05/2000)
5.	Kimura, Izumi: 2 articles (12/2003 - 12/2003)
6.	Kaminaga, Tatsuro: 2 articles (12/2003 - 12/2003)
7.	Takeshita, Thoru: 2 articles (12/2003 - 12/2003)
8.	Godoy, Myrna C B: 1 article (10/2015)
9.	Marchiori, Edson: 1 article (10/2015)
10.	Mançano, Alexandre Dias: 1 article (10/2015)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to Rhabdomyoma:

1.	Retinaldehyde (Retinal)IBA 10/01/1996 - "Although not of statistical significance, there was a trend toward increased retinal hamartomas, cardiac rhabdomyomas, and skin lesions in those patients who also had renal abnormalities. " 04/01/1984 - "Retinal phakoma was found in only one patient, cardial rhabdomyoma was suspected in another one who suffered from congenital multifocal atrial tachycardia. " 06/01/2009 - "In this study, 33 patients with FCD (among them 23 with FCD type 2 and 4 patients with multifocal FCD) were investigated (1) clinically as to dermatologic manifestations, retinal hamartoma, cardial rhabdomyoma, and renal angiomyolipoma, and (2) genetically by considering lesional brain tissue and blood using single strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP) electrophoresis and sequencing of the TSC1 and TSC2 genes. " 02/01/2000 - "Common manifestations are hypomelanotic spots, facial angiofibromas, subependymal hamartomas, cortical tubers, cardiac rhabdomyomas, retinal hamartomas, and so on. " 09/01/1999 - "Among the 30 cases, 25 patients had seizures and skin manifestations; 24 had cerebral tubercles; 10 had heart involvement (9 rhabdomyoma, 1 dilated cardiomyopathy); 4 had kidney involvement (3 polycystic kidney disease, 1 renal hamartoma); and 3 had retinal astrocytic hamartoma. "
2.	everolimusFDA Link 02/01/2015 - "As we observed in our patient, in cases with inoperable symptomatic rhabdomyomas associated with TSC, everolimus, an mTOR inhibitor, may be the treatment of choice, which should be confirmed with additional studies." 01/01/2015 - "Everolimus may be a promising alternative for high-risk surgical candidates with haemodynamically significant cardiac rhabdomyomas. " 01/01/2015 - "To the best of our knowledge, this is the fastest resolution of cardiac rhabdomyomas associated with everolimus therapy to date. " 01/01/2015 - "We report a case of a newborn who had near complete resolution of multiple rhabdomyomas within a month of receiving everolimus therapy for non-cardiac masses. " 01/01/2015 - "A few case reports have described the effectiveness of everolimus therapy in treating cardiac rhabdomyomas as well. "
3.	DesminIBA 07/01/1991 - "MSA and desmin were found in 4 of 4 cardiac rhabdomyomas, 34 of 34 rhabdomyosarcomas, and 5 of 6 leiomyomas. " 08/15/1998 - "Histological examination revealed cross-striations in some elongated cells, consistent with a diagnosis of rhabdomyoma, a diagnosis which was confirmed by positive immunohistochemical staining for myoglobin and desmin. " 01/01/1990 - "The rhabdomyoma nodules were composed of spider cells containing small amounts of desmin and myosin as well as isolated myofibrils. " 11/01/2005 - "Immunohistochemically, rhabdomyomas were strongly positive for myogenic markers (desmin, actin, and myoglobin) but negative for S-100, while hibernoma and GCT strongly expressed S-100. " 01/01/1987 - "There were small, poorly differentiated tumor cells in the rhabdomyosarcomas and the fetal rhabdomyoma which were positively stained for desmin, whereas very few or no such cells were positively stained for myoglobin. "
4.	MyoglobinIBA 08/15/1998 - "Histological examination revealed cross-striations in some elongated cells, consistent with a diagnosis of rhabdomyoma, a diagnosis which was confirmed by positive immunohistochemical staining for myoglobin and desmin. " 11/01/2005 - "Immunohistochemically, rhabdomyomas were strongly positive for myogenic markers (desmin, actin, and myoglobin) but negative for S-100, while hibernoma and GCT strongly expressed S-100. " 01/01/1987 - "There were small, poorly differentiated tumor cells in the rhabdomyosarcomas and the fetal rhabdomyoma which were positively stained for desmin, whereas very few or no such cells were positively stained for myoglobin. " 01/01/1987 - "Myoglobin, desmin and vimentin in ultrastructurally proven rhabdomyomas and rhabdomyosarcomas. " 01/01/1987 - "The present study is an immunohistochemical analysis utilizing a series of mono- and polyclonal antibodies to myoglobin, desmin and vimentin in smooth and striated control muscle tissues, 7 alveolar and 7 embryonal rhabdomyosarcomas and 1 adult and 1 fetal rhabdomyoma with ultrastructurally proven rhabdomyoblastic differentiation in all the tumors. "
5.	GlycogenIBA 11/01/1977 - "Electron microscopic study of a cardiac rhabdomyoma removed at open heart operation revealed large rounded or polygonal cells that contained large amounts of monoparticulate glycogen. " 01/01/1988 - "Many nodules of rhabdomyoma were present in all four cardiac chambers and were microscopically composed of ovoid, glycogen-laden cells and typical "spider cells". " 11/01/1980 - "Electron microscopy of a cardiac rhabdomyoma revealed two varieties of cells: (1) typical "spider cells' characterized by few myofibrils and large aggregates of glycogen particles free in the cytoplasm; and (2) cells with more myofibrils, less glycogen, and glycogen within membrane-limited vacuoles. " 02/01/2005 - "The enlarged cells were periodic acid-Schiff positive indicating the presence of excess glycogen and expressed elevated levels of phospho-S6, similar to findings in patient rhabdomyoma cells. "
6.	VimentinIBA 01/01/1987 - "A varying number of mostly small, poorly differentiated tumor cells were positively stained for vimentin in 12 of 14 rhabdomyosarcomas and in the fetal rhabdomyoma. " 01/01/1987 - "Myoglobin, desmin and vimentin in ultrastructurally proven rhabdomyomas and rhabdomyosarcomas. " 01/01/1987 - "The present study is an immunohistochemical analysis utilizing a series of mono- and polyclonal antibodies to myoglobin, desmin and vimentin in smooth and striated control muscle tissues, 7 alveolar and 7 embryonal rhabdomyosarcomas and 1 adult and 1 fetal rhabdomyoma with ultrastructurally proven rhabdomyoblastic differentiation in all the tumors. " 04/01/1988 - "To determine its potential usefulness in the differential diagnosis of "small, round, blue cell" tumors of childhood, they immunolabeled formalinor B-5-fixed tissue sections from known cases of rhabdomyosarcoma or rhabdomyoma (30), neuroblastoma (9), retinoblastoma (2), and Ewing's sarcoma (9) with HHF35 and with antibodies to creatine kinase M, myoglobin, vimentin, and neuron-specific enolase. "
7.	AntibodiesIBA 01/01/1987 - "The present study is an immunohistochemical analysis utilizing a series of mono- and polyclonal antibodies to myoglobin, desmin and vimentin in smooth and striated control muscle tissues, 7 alveolar and 7 embryonal rhabdomyosarcomas and 1 adult and 1 fetal rhabdomyoma with ultrastructurally proven rhabdomyoblastic differentiation in all the tumors. " 04/01/1988 - "To determine its potential usefulness in the differential diagnosis of "small, round, blue cell" tumors of childhood, they immunolabeled formalinor B-5-fixed tissue sections from known cases of rhabdomyosarcoma or rhabdomyoma (30), neuroblastoma (9), retinoblastoma (2), and Ewing's sarcoma (9) with HHF35 and with antibodies to creatine kinase M, myoglobin, vimentin, and neuron-specific enolase. "
8.	Collagen Type IV (Type IV Collagen)IBA 12/01/1986 - "Production of basement membrane laminin and type IV collagen by tumors of striated muscle: an immunohistochemical study of rhabdomyosarcomas of different histologic types and a benign vaginal rhabdomyoma." 12/01/1986 - "Immunohistochemical methods were used to demonstrate the distribution of basement membrane laminin and type IV collagen in eight tumors derived from striated muscle (three botryoid, two alveolar, and two adult-type rhabdomyosarcomas; one benign vaginal rhabdomyoma). "
9.	SilverIBA 02/28/1989 - "In this study, normal fetal and adult skeletal muscles and tissue from fetal and adult rhabdomyomas as well as rhabdomyosarcomas were stained with the silver method for NORs. "
10.	Laminin (Merosin)IBA 12/01/1986 - "Production of basement membrane laminin and type IV collagen by tumors of striated muscle: an immunohistochemical study of rhabdomyosarcomas of different histologic types and a benign vaginal rhabdomyoma." 12/01/1986 - "Immunohistochemical methods were used to demonstrate the distribution of basement membrane laminin and type IV collagen in eight tumors derived from striated muscle (three botryoid, two alveolar, and two adult-type rhabdomyosarcomas; one benign vaginal rhabdomyoma). "

Therapies and Procedures

1.	Homologous Transplantation (Allograft) 03/01/2014 - "Adult laryngeal rhabdomyoma with extralaryngeal extension: surgical excision and reconstruction with aortic homograft." 04/01/1989 - "The intimate association with the mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve, the normal embryogenesis of the craniofacial muscles, and animal homograft and xenograft experiments provide a framework for considering this tumor, and possibly other rhabdomyomas, as a choristoma/hamartoma rather than a true neoplasm."
2.	Cardiopulmonary Bypass (Heart-Lung Bypass) 09/01/2007 - "Left ventricular rhabdomyoma with severe left ventricular outflow tract obstruction: development of delayed hemiplegia after cardiopulmonary bypass." 12/01/2000 - "In this report we describe the successful surgical resection of an intracardiac rhabdomyoma using cardiopulmonary bypass, blood cardioplegia, and hypothermia. "
3.	Transplants (Transplant) 11/01/1990 - "We present a case of a 15-month-old infant with a circumferential rhabdomyoma of the cricopharyngeus muscle requiring excision of the esophageal inlet and reconstruction with a free microvascular jejunal interposition graft. "
4.	Prostheses and Implants (Prosthesis) 06/01/2000 - "The unusual association of the eyelid tumor with the prosthesis suggests a role for chronic irritation in the pathogenesis of rhabdomyoma."
5.	Implantable Defibrillators (Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator) 07/01/2009 - "Multiple cardiac rhabdomyomas in an infant presented with recurrent life-threatening ventricular arrhythmias refractory to medical treatment and necessitating the placement of an implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD). " 07/01/2009 - "Implantable cardioverter defibrillator as a bridge to recovery in an infant with cardiac rhabdomyoma."