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Respiratory Tract Infections (Respiratory Tract Infection)

Subscribe to New Research on Respiratory Tract Infections

Invasion of the host RESPIRATORY SYSTEM by microorganisms, usually leading to pathological processes or diseases.

Also Known As:

Respiratory Tract Infection; Respiratory Infections; Upper Respiratory Infections; Infections, Respiratory; Infections, Respiratory Tract; Infections, Upper Respiratory; Infections, Upper Respiratory Tract; Infection, Respiratory Tract; Respiratory Infection, Upper; Upper Respiratory Tract Infections

Networked: 7395 relevant articles (589 outcomes, 1096 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Disease Context: Research Results

Related Diseases

1.	Infection
2.	Urinary Tract Infections (Urinary Tract Infection)
3.	Pneumonia (Pneumonitis)
4.	Soft Tissue Infections
5.	Human Influenza (Influenza)

Experts

1.	Jones, Ronald N: 31 articles (04/2014 - 05/2002)
2.	Schuetz, Philipp: 28 articles (03/2015 - 08/2005)
3.	Kohno, Shigeru: 28 articles (01/2015 - 06/2002)
4.	Butler, Christopher C: 22 articles (09/2015 - 11/2005)
5.	Christ-Crain, Mirjam: 18 articles (03/2015 - 02/2004)
6.	Little, Paul: 17 articles (04/2015 - 04/2002)
7.	Mueller, Beat: 16 articles (03/2015 - 10/2008)
8.	Sader, Helio S: 16 articles (04/2014 - 11/2003)
9.	Zhanel, George G: 15 articles (11/2015 - 01/2002)
10.	Camargo, Carlos A: 15 articles (03/2015 - 09/2007)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to Respiratory Tract Infections:

1.	Anti-Bacterial Agents (Antibiotics)IBA 09/18/2012 - "Few interventions have proven effective in reducing the overuse of antibiotics for acute respiratory infections. " 01/01/2008 - "There have been very few reports about the therapeutic efficacy of antibiotics against respiratory tract infection caused by NTHi in mice because it is difficult for H. " 02/01/1999 - "For respiratory tract infection (RTI), antibiotics should have proven clinical efficacy against the major pathogens involved-Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae and Moraxella catarrhalis. " 03/01/2010 - "Antibiotics are only beneficial for subgroups of patients with acute lower respiratory tract infections (LRTI) and rhinosinusitis in family practice, yet overprescribing for these conditions is common. " 10/09/2007 - "Physicians with a high practice volume were more likely than those with low practice volume to prescribe antibiotics for viral respiratory infections (RR 1.27, 95% CI 1.09-1.48) and to prescribe second-and third-line antibiotics as first-line treatment (RR 1.20, 95% CI 1.06-1.37). "
2.	Amoxicillin (Wymox)FDA LinkGeneric 01/01/2015 - "Estimate the efficacy of amoxicillin for acute uncomplicated lower-respiratory-tract infection (LRTI) in primary care and demonstrate the use of randomisation-based efficacy estimators. " 04/01/2002 - "To compare the efficacy of amoxicillin vs placebo in patients with an acute upper respiratory tract infection and purulent rhinorrhea. " 01/01/1981 - "Prospective clinical trial on the efficacy of amoxycillin administered twice or four times daily in children with respiratory tract infections." 11/01/1986 - "The present study compares the clinical efficacy and side-effects of amoxycillin in two groups of children at the age of six years or less randomly assigned to amoxycillin therapy 40 mg/kg/day either two or three times daily for the clinical diagnosis of acute respiratory tract infections. " 01/01/1973 - "Preliminary clinical study with amoxycillin (BRL 2333) in complicated lower respiratory tract infections."
3.	Ofloxacin (Levofloxacin)FDA LinkGeneric 01/01/1991 - "Ofloxacin is a proven antibiotic substance useful in the treatment of lower respiratory tract infections." 07/20/2005 - "500 mg once daily of levofloxacin was expected to be effective for the treatment of respiratory tract infections caused by S. " 01/01/1987 - "In 535 cases with lower respiratory infections, ofloxacin was effective in 78.1%. " 06/01/1999 - "These in-vitro results suggest that levofloxacin may be useful in the treatment of community-acquired lower respiratory tract infections." 01/01/1992 - "Our data indicate that ofloxacin is effective and safe as specific and empiric treatment for many lower respiratory tract infections."
4.	Ciprofloxacin (Cipro)FDA LinkGeneric 05/01/1991 - "The efficacy of ciprofloxacin against these experimental pneumococcal respiratory infections was poor, despite good penetration into lung tissue, and is a reflection of the low in vitro activity of the quinolone against S. " 08/01/2000 - "Ciprofloxacin is a fluoroquinolone antibiotic effective in the treatment of lower respiratory tract infections (LRTI). " 01/01/1999 - "This study indicates that intravenous ciprofloxacin is useful in the treatment of lower respiratory tract infections." 12/01/2012 - "Results indicate that the in vitro TSI air interface Calu-3 model is capable of evaluating the fate of nebulised liposomal nanoparticle formulations and support the potential for inhaled liposomal ciprofloxacin to provide a promising treatment for respiratory infections." 10/01/1989 - "We conclude that ciprofloxacin is safe and effective at a dosage of 200 mg administered intravenously every 12 hours for nosocomial lower respiratory tract infections caused by Enterobacteriaceae or Haemophilus species. "
5.	Azithromycin (Zithromax)FDA LinkGeneric 01/01/1992 - "The efficacy of azithromycin against lower respiratory tract infections has been proven in several clinical studies. " 10/01/1994 - "These results suggest that azithromycin may be useful in the treatment of respiratory infections caused by intracellular pathogens, including chlamydia because of its excellent accumulation within host cells." 01/01/2007 - "Efficacy of azithromycin administration in prevention of respiratory tract infection after bronchoscopic biopsy: a randomized, controlled trial." 09/01/1996 - "Azithromycin was given to 55 cases of lower respiratory tract infections in the doses of 500 mg on day 1, followed by 250 mg on days 2-5. It produced bacteriological cure in 70.8% patients and clinical cure or improvement in 69.09% of patients. " 09/01/1996 - "Evaluation of safety and efficacy of azithromycin in lower respiratory tract infections (LRTI)"
6.	MacrolidesIBA 01/01/2004 - "Macrolides have broad antibacterial spectrum and proven efficacy in the management of respiratory tract infections. " 07/01/1996 - "Recently, low dose and long term use of Macrolides (Mls) has been reported to be effective in treatment of chronic lower respiratory tract infections, however its mechanism is still obscure. " 03/01/1995 - "Many respiratory infections are caused by obligate or facultative intracellular pathogens, which may be eradicated as a result of intracellular penetration and accumulation of macrolides, as shown in several models of phagocytic cells, and of intracellular antibacterial activities. " 04/01/2012 - "This study suggests that aerosol formulation of macrolides is an effective pulmonary drug delivery system for the treatment of respiratory infections." 11/01/2008 - "The potential indications for treatment lower respiratory tract infections with macrolides were presented in this study."
7.	Clavulanic Acid (Potassium Clavulanate)FDA LinkGeneric 04/01/2004 - "Based on these results, this new amoxicillin/clavulanate formulation should be highly effective in treating respiratory tract infections due to drug-resistant S. " 01/01/2004 - "These factors have contributed to the high bacteriological and clinical efficacy of amoxicillin/clavulanate in respiratory tract infection over more than 20 years. " 01/01/1999 - "Efficacy of high-dose amoxicillin-clavulanate against experimental respiratory tract infections caused by strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae." 07/01/1999 - "In conclusion, amoxycillin/clavulanate 875/125 mg twice daily is as effective as amoxycillin/clavulanate 500/125 mg three times daily for the treatment of community-acquired lower respiratory tract infections and could improve patient compliance." 04/01/1997 - "Dosing of amoxicillin/clavulanate given every 12 hours is as effective as dosing every 8 hours for treatment of lower respiratory tract infection. "
8.	Amoxicillin-Potassium Clavulanate Combination (Co-amoxiclav)FDA Link 03/01/1993 - "Amoxycillin/clavulanic acid possesses a high clinical and microbiological efficacy for lower respiratory tract infections." 12/01/1985 - "Amoxycillin/clavulanic acid combination was a safe and effective antimicrobial agent for the treatment of respiratory tract infections." 09/01/2000 - "[Pharmacodynamic basis for the use of amoxicillin-clavulanic acid in respiratory infections due to Streptococcus pneumoniae: In vitro studies in an experimental model]." 05/01/1988 - "This study investigated the effects of clavulanate-potentiated amoxycillin in the management of moderate to severe respiratory tract infections. " 05/01/2015 - "Amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (OR = 4.08, 95% CI 1.57-10.56), and respiratory tract infections (RTI) (OR = 6.17, 95% CI 2.55-14.94) were associated with low compliance with guidelines. "
9.	telithromycin (Ketek)FDA Link 11/01/2001 - "Telithromycin achieves high and sustained concentrations in ELF and in alveolar macrophages, while it maintains adequate levels in plasma, providing an ideal pharmacokinetic profile for effective treatment of community-acquired respiratory tract infections caused by either common or atypical, including intracellular, respiratory tract pathogens." 09/01/2001 - "Phase III studies have shown telithromycin to be effective in the treatment of community-acquired upper and lower respiratory tract infections. " 01/01/2005 - "Clinical experience in infectious patients has shown that oral telithromycin 800mg once daily for 5-10 days is effective for the treatment of community-acquired upper and lower respiratory tract infections. " 10/01/2004 - "Telithromycin is an effective first-line treatment for mild to moderate respiratory infections in adults." 04/01/2005 - "Telithromycin is a new ketolide antimicrobial, that can be useful for the treatment of respiratory infections. "
10.	Ceftazidime (Fortum)FDA LinkGeneric 09/01/1987 - "Ceftazidime proved particularly effective in the treatment of acute respiratory tract infections arising in the immediate post-operative period, affording complete clinical cures in 88.8% of cases and a substantial improvement in the pathological picture in the other 11.2% of cases treated. " 06/01/1990 - "[A clinical study on ceftazidime in the treatment of intractable respiratory infections]." 04/01/1990 - "An open multicentre trial to study the efficacy and safety of ceftazidime in elderly patients has been conducted in four geriatric units on 135 subjects suffering from urinary-tract or respiratory-tract infections. " 07/01/1983 - "The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and tolerance of ceftazidime in the treatment of patients with lower respiratory tract infection. " 10/01/2012 - "Ceftazidime for respiratory infections."

Therapies and Procedures

1.	Oral Administration 01/01/2014 - "Oral administration of the leaves of this plant is effective in the treatment of upper respiratory tract infections, liver toxicity and a variety of other ailments. " 08/01/1995 - "This treatment, based on the oral administration of bacterial extracts, should, at least in theory, stimulate the immune defenses and reduce the incidence of recurring respiratory tract infections. " 11/01/1991 - "Effect of oral administration of bacterial extracts on the bactericidal capacity of polymorphonuclear leucocytes in children with recurrent respiratory infections." 01/01/1990 - "[Oral administration of "Infectvac" for prevention of acute respiratory tract infections]." 01/01/1988 - "This increase in the number of pulmonary macrophages and the stimulation of their phagocytic function might explain the protective effect afforded by the oral administration of Biostim against respiratory infections in patients with chronic bronchitis."
2.	Home Nursing (Nursing, Home) 09/01/2008 - "We present a systematic approach to pool individual subject data from observational studies that addresses differences in research design, illustrating the approach with two prospective observational studies on treatment and outcomes of lower respiratory tract infection in US and Dutch nursing home residents. " 02/01/2006 - "Studies of respiratory tract infection in nursing home residents: what are we learning?" 11/21/2001 - "Predicting mortality in nursing home residents with lower respiratory tract infection: The Missouri LRI Study." 01/01/2014 - "An outbreak of acute respiratory infections due to human respiratory syncytial virus in a nursing home for the elderly in Ibaraki, Japan, 2014." 01/01/2013 - "Association between respiratory tract infections and incidence of falls in nursing home residents."
3.	Immunotherapy 01/01/2014 - "Sublingual immunotherapy as an alternative to induce protection against acute respiratory infections." 07/01/2015 - "Effect of high-dose sublingual immunotherapy on respiratory infections in children allergic to house dust mite." 05/01/2015 - "Sublingual immunotherapy in children and its potential beneficial collateral effect on respiratory tract infections." 03/01/2009 - "Upper respiratory tract infections and sublingual immunotherapy: preliminary evidence." 12/01/2005 - "These results indicate that IP-10 is an important component of innate immunity against extracellular bacterial pathogens of the lung and may represent a candidate molecule for immunotherapy in the setting of severe respiratory tract infection."
4.	Drug Therapy (Chemotherapy) 10/01/1992 - "These results indicate that the combination antimicrobial chemotherapy of ASPC and CAZ is effective against intractable respiratory tract infections." 01/01/1992 - "An appropriate drug for chemotherapy may be selected from beta-lactam preparations which are effective against main causative organisms in acute respiratory tract infections. " 05/01/2015 - "Inhaled antimicrobial chemotherapy for respiratory tract infections: successes, challenges and the road ahead." 05/01/2015 - "Inhaled anti-infective chemotherapy for respiratory tract infections: successes, challenges and the road ahead." 03/01/2015 - "Mild respiratory infections were associated with chemotherapy delays. "
5.	Transplants (Transplant) 08/01/2001 - "This study sought to determine the risk factors of PIV acquisition and progression to lower respiratory tract infection, their impact on transplant-related mortality, and the effectiveness of antiviral therapy. " 07/01/2015 - "Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), one of the most common causes of respiratory infections in immunocompetent individuals, can cause significant pulmonary morbidity and mortality in hematopoietic stem cell (HSCT) and less often in solid-organ transplant recipients. " 08/01/2014 - "Respiratory tract infections, ranking first in heart and lung transplants and second in liver recipients, are a common cause of mortality. " 05/01/2014 - "In non-transplant children, the most common form of BO is a severe lower respiratory tract infection, especially of adenovirus. " 11/01/2013 - "The prognosis for patients with respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) or parainfluenza virus type 3 (PIV3) respiratory tract infection post allogeneic haematopoietic progenitor cell transplant (HPCT) is historically poor. "