Adult Respiratory Distress Syndrome (Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome)

A syndrome characterized by progressive life-threatening RESPIRATORY INSUFFICIENCY in the absence of known LUNG DISEASES, usually following a systemic insult such as surgery or major TRAUMA.

Also Known As:

Networked: 4945 relevant articles (219 outcomes, 493 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Disease Context: Research Results

Related Diseases

1.	Acute Lung Injury
2.	Respiratory Insufficiency (Respiratory Failure)
3.	Pulmonary Hypertension (Ayerza Syndrome)
4.	Sepsis (Septicemia)
5.	Septic Shock (Toxic Shock Syndrome)

Experts

1.	Matthay, Michael A: 41 articles (01/2016 - 05/2002)
2.	Thompson, B Taylor: 37 articles (01/2016 - 04/2003)
3.	Ware, Lorraine B: 33 articles (01/2016 - 11/2002)
4.	Schultz, Marcus J: 29 articles (10/2015 - 04/2005)
5.	Brochard, Laurent: 26 articles (03/2015 - 07/2002)
6.	Slutsky, Arthur S: 25 articles (01/2016 - 05/2002)
7.	Pelosi, Paolo: 24 articles (10/2015 - 04/2004)
8.	Christiani, David C: 21 articles (12/2015 - 01/2007)
9.	Gattinoni, Luciano: 20 articles (04/2015 - 04/2003)
10.	Ranieri, V Marco: 16 articles (01/2016 - 05/2002)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to Adult Respiratory Distress Syndrome:

1.	Nitric Oxide (Nitrogen Monoxide)FDA Link 02/01/1999 - "Inhaled nitric oxide (NO) may be beneficial in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). " 12/01/1998 - "In patients with isolated severe adult respiratory distress syndrome, inhalation of nitric oxide in the prone position significantly improved oxygenation compared with nitric oxide inhalation in the supine position or in the prone position without nitric oxide. " 07/06/1996 - "Low doses of inhaled nitric oxide induce a selective pulmonary vasodilatation and significant improvement of oxygenation in the majority of acute respiratory distress syndrome patients, although those with a hyperkinetic hemodynamic status are less likely to improve the oxygenation. " 01/01/2003 - "In patients with adult respiratory distress syndrome, initial responders to inhaled nitric oxide did not show better outcome than nonresponders." 09/01/1995 - "It has been suggested that inhaled nitric oxide, which is a selective pulmonary vasodilator, may be effective in the treatment of acute respiratory distress syndrome; however, the effects of nitric oxide on cardiopulmonary interactions are poorly understood. "
2.	MethylprednisoloneFDA LinkGeneric 05/01/1976 - "This study demonstrated a significant improvement in mortality rate with repeated pharmacologic doses of methylprednisolone compared to previously reported mortality rates of 60 to 90 per cent in patients with shock lung syndrome treated without repeated pharmacologic doses of steroid therapy." 04/01/2001 - "Methylprednisolone (MP) disposition was evaluated in 20 individuals who participated in an ongoing randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study designed to evaluate the efficacy of MP in the treatment of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). " 03/01/2015 - "Double-blind, placebo-controlled pilot randomized trial of methylprednisolone infusion in pediatric acute respiratory distress syndrome." 04/01/2001 - "Time-variant increase in methylprednisolone clearance in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome: a population pharmacokinetic study." 06/01/2008 - "Methylprednisolone in a dose of 1 mg x kg(-1) x day(-1) for > or = 14 days is recommended in patients with severe early acute respiratory distress syndrome. "
3.	OxygenIBA 09/01/1991 - "A key element in the treatment of Adult Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) is improvement in oxygen delivery to match metabolic demands. " 04/01/2001 - "This study estimated the effect of within-subject variations in C(a-v)O2 and FIO2 on venous admixture (Qs/Qt), the calculated oxygen content difference between end-capillary and arterial blood (Cc'O2-CaO2), the alveolar-arterial oxygen tension gradient (P(A-a)O2) and PaO2/FIO2, using a validated lung model of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). " 08/01/2000 - "The purpose of this prospective, randomized, controlled study was to investigate the effects of hematocrit (Hct) on regional oxygen delivery and extraction following induction of adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) in an animal model. " 08/01/1993 - "Considerable attention has been directed toward the study of oxygen transport principles in the adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). " 07/01/1983 - "Recent studies have suggested that oxygen consumption (VO2) may be dependent on systemic oxygen transport (SOT) in patients with the adult respiratory distress syndrome. "
4.	Alprostadil (Muse)FDA LinkGeneric 08/01/1999 - "To evaluate the safety and efficacy of an intravenous liposomal dispersion of prostaglandin E1 as TLC C-53 in the treatment of patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). " 01/01/1996 - "To evaluate the safety and efficacy of liposomal prostaglandin E1 (TLC C-53) in the treatment of patients with the acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). " 01/01/1989 - "Prostaglandin E1 (PGE1) has been reported to improve survival in patients with the adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). " 10/01/2001 - "A multi-centre, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of liposomal prostaglandin E1 (TLC C-53) in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome." 04/01/1992 - "This study evaluated the role of exogenous PGE1 in systemic homeostasis during the adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). "
5.	AntioxidantsIBA 08/01/2000 - "Liposomal antioxidants provide prolonged protection against acute respiratory distress syndrome." 12/01/2004 - "In conclusion, low molecular weight antioxidants are elevated in the alveolar compartment of patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome. " 08/01/2000 - "Liposomal encapsulation of antioxidants at low dose provides long lasting protection against acute respiratory distress syndrome after shock. " 08/01/1995 - "This suggests a potential therapeutic role for antioxidants is disease states such as adult respiratory distress syndrome and multiple organ failure syndrome, which are characterized by excessive macrophage activation." 03/27/1993 - "Serum antioxidants as predictors of adult respiratory distress syndrome in patients with sepsis."
6.	Adrenal Cortex Hormones (Corticosteroids)IBA 09/01/2015 - "Use of systemic corticosteroids in acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) remains controversial, and studies in children are lacking. " 01/01/2015 - "The impact of corticosteroids on acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) mortality remains controversial following the publication of numerous trials, observational studies and meta-analyses. " 01/01/2009 - "The third trial examined the effects of corticosteroids versus placebo in 180 patients with prolonged acute respiratory distress syndrome. " 02/01/2005 - "This article reviews the mechanisms of action of corticosteroids and the results of experimental and clinical studies regarding the use of corticosteroids in acute respiratory distress syndrome." 12/01/1995 - "A controlled randomized study is needed to reevaluate the role of corticosteroids in the treatment of acute respiratory distress syndrome."
7.	gamma-Linolenic AcidIBA 09/01/2004 - "Enteral nutrition containing eicosapentaenoic (20:5 omega-3) and gamma-linolenic acid (18:3 omega-6) decreases leukotriene B4 levels and neutrophils in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of patients and animals with acute respiratory distress syndrome. " 11/01/2011 - "During acute respiratory distress syndrome, a continuous enteral diet with high-dose omega-3 fatty acids, gamma-linolenic acid, and antioxidants improved clinical outcome. " 09/01/2006 - "Enteral diets enriched with eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), gamma-linolenic acid (GLA), and antioxidants have previously been shown to improve outcomes in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome. " 03/01/2003 - "We previously showed that enteral feeding of a diet containing eicosapentaenoic acid, gamma-linolenic acid, and elevated antioxidants improved clinical outcomes compared with a control diet in acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) patients. " 03/01/2003 - "Effect of enteral feeding with eicosapentaenoic acid, gamma-linolenic acid, and antioxidants on antioxidant status in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome."
8.	Biological Markers (Surrogate Marker)IBA 03/01/2014 - "The relative performance of biomarkers among studies shown in this ranking may help to improve acute respiratory distress syndrome diagnosis and outcome prediction." 03/01/2014 - "English-language studies on plasma biomarkers associated with acute respiratory distress syndrome diagnosis or mortality. " 11/01/2013 - "This warrants testing the diagnostic accuracy of exhaled breath analysis for acute respiratory distress syndrome in clinical trials, possibly focusing on biological markers described in this study. " 02/01/2015 - "Predictive value of plasma biomarkers for mortality and organ failure development in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome." 01/01/2015 - "Identification of new biomarkers for Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome by expression-based genome-wide association study."
9.	CytokinesIBA 01/01/2000 - "Hsp70 has been shown to confer to cells and tissues protection against the deleterious effects of ROS or cytokines, both in vitro and in animal models of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). " 06/01/2014 - "The strategy of lower respiratory rate plus minimally invasive extracorporeal CO2 removal was feasible and safe and, as compared with the Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Network protocol, reduced the concentrations of some, but not all, of the tested cytokines without affecting respiratory mechanics, gas exchange, and hemodynamics." 01/01/2008 - "Alterations in these cytokines were associated with increased incidence of acute respiratory distress syndrome, number of days under ventilation, increased peak inspiratory pressure, and lower PaO2/FiO2 ratio in this patient population. " 01/01/2008 - "Acute respiratory distress syndrome is characterized by neutrophil accumulation in the lungs and the activation of several cytokines produced by macrophages. " 09/01/2004 - "Local increases in lung pro-inflammatory cytokines have been previously detected in high-risk patients before the development of the acute respiratory distress syndrome. "
10.	Eicosapentaenoic AcidIBA 09/01/2006 - "Enteral diets enriched with eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), gamma-linolenic acid (GLA), and antioxidants have previously been shown to improve outcomes in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome. " 03/01/2003 - "We previously showed that enteral feeding of a diet containing eicosapentaenoic acid, gamma-linolenic acid, and elevated antioxidants improved clinical outcomes compared with a control diet in acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) patients. " 03/01/2003 - "Effect of enteral feeding with eicosapentaenoic acid, gamma-linolenic acid, and antioxidants on antioxidant status in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome." 02/01/2003 - "Enteral nutrition with eicosapentaenoic acid, gamma-linolenic acid, and antioxidants reduces alveolar inflammatory mediators and protein influx in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome." 08/01/1999 - "Effect of enteral feeding with eicosapentaenoic acid, gamma-linolenic acid, and antioxidants in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome. "

Therapies and Procedures

1.	Positive-Pressure Respiration (PEEP) 05/01/2002 - "To compare the ease and efficacy of two commonly used methods for choosing optimal positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome: a static pressure-volume curve to determine the lower inflection point (P(flex)) and the "best PEEP" (PEEP(best)) as determined by the maximal compliance curve. " 01/01/2016 - "Airway driving pressure (plateau pressure - positive end-expiratory pressure) and PaO2/FIO2 improved significantly at 24, 48 and 72 hours in patients in open lung approach compared with patients in Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome network protocol. " 06/01/2015 - "Noninvasive positive pressure ventilation can be beneficial in children with pediatric acute respiratory distress syndrome, particularly in those with milder disease. " 04/01/2003 - "A recently published randomized, controlled trial in acute respiratory distress syndrome patients (n = 148) comparing HFOV with a pressure-control ventilation strategy (Pao(2)/Fio(2) ratio of <or=200 mm Hg on positive end-expiratory pressure of >10 cm H(2)O) demonstrated early (<16 hrs) improvement in Pao(2)/Fio(2) (p =.008) in the HFOV group but no significant difference in oxygenation index between the two groups during the initial 72 hrs of treatment. " 10/01/1996 - "We hypothesized that using a high-frequency pressure-control mode of ventilation with high PEEP in children with severe acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) would be associated with improved survival. "
2.	Artificial Respiration (Mechanical Ventilation) 01/01/2008 - "The integration of this device to near static mechanical ventilation of the residual native lung(s) is feasible and highly effective in patients with severe and unresponsive acute respiratory distress syndrome after pulmonary resection." 05/01/2014 - "Recent multicenter randomized controlled trials have shown a significant reduction of 28-day and 90-day mortality associated with prone positioning during mechanical ventilation for severe acute respiratory distress syndrome. " 08/01/2005 - "To compare the safety and efficacy of high frequency oscillatory ventilation (HFOV) with conventional mechanical ventilation (CV) for early intervention in adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), a multi-centre randomized trial in four intensive care units was conducted. " 10/24/2012 - "Lung-protective mechanical ventilation with the use of lower tidal volumes has been found to improve outcomes of patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). " 10/01/2013 - "None of the patients of acute respiratory distress syndrome were cured by NIMV; 13.04% patients on NIMV required intubation and mechanical ventilation. "
3.	Mechanical Ventilators (Ventilator) 04/01/2003 - "Length of hospital stay, number of ventilator days, and percentage of patients developing acute respiratory distress syndrome were significantly greater in the > 24-hour group. " 09/01/2010 - "Compared to pressure-support ventilation, neurally adjusted ventilatory assist in acute respiratory distress syndrome patients holds promise for limiting the risk of overassistance, preventing patient-ventilator asynchrony, and improving overall patient-ventilator interactions. " 01/01/2016 - "Then, for each individual acute respiratory distress syndrome study, the threshold 7-day oxygenation index change was tested as an outcome measure and compared with mortality and ventilator-free days as reported in the original study. " 10/01/2015 - "Protocol compliance with two ventilator management protocols was moderate and did not differ between ICUs with high versus low numbers of protocols for lung protective ventilation in acute respiratory distress syndrome (47% vs 52%; p = 0.28) and for spontaneous breathing trials (55% vs 51%; p = 0.27). " 06/01/2015 - "The purposes of the study are to describe current practice of ventilation in a modern air medical system and to measure the association of ventilation strategy with subsequent ventilator care and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). "
4.	Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) 11/01/2013 - "Combination of prone positioning (PrP) and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) might be beneficial in severe acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), because both approaches are recommended. " 06/01/2007 - "ECMO has been shown to be a successful therapy for acute respiratory distress syndrome when conventional strategies have failed. " 08/01/2015 - "Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome With and Without Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation: A Score Matched Study." 01/01/2015 - "This study aims to identify morphological changes in the lung parenchyma of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) survivors after extracorporeal membrane oxygenation  (ECMO) by high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) follow-up. " 01/01/2015 - "The aim of this study was to investigate the predictors of mortality and the influence of organ dysfunction scores in severe acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) patients treated with ECMO. "
5.	Liquid Ventilation 11/01/1998 - "To evaluate the safety and efficacy of partial liquid ventilation (PLV) in adult patients with the acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). " 09/01/1997 - "We conclude that partial liquid ventilation with small volumes of FC 3280 provides improvement in gas exchange and increases survival time in experimental acute respiratory distress syndrome." 02/01/2007 - "Randomized controlled trials of partial liquid ventilation in acute respiratory distress syndrome have been negative. " 10/01/1999 - "It has been used in uncontrolled trials in preterm neonates, and preliminary results are available from a randomized controlled trial of partial liquid ventilation in paediatric acute respiratory distress syndrome. " 04/15/2006 - "Partial liquid ventilation in adult patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome."