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Rectal Neoplasms (Rectal Cancer)

Subscribe to New Research on Rectal Neoplasms

Tumors or cancer of the RECTUM.

Also Known As:

Rectal Cancer; Rectal Neoplasm; Cancer of the Rectum; Neoplasms, Rectal; Rectum Cancer; Rectum Neoplasms; Cancer, Rectal; Cancer, Rectum; Cancers, Rectal; Cancers, Rectum; Neoplasm, Rectal; Neoplasm, Rectum; Neoplasms, Rectum; Rectal Cancers; Rectal Tumor; Rectum Cancers; Rectum Neoplasm; Tumor, Rectal; Tumors, Rectal; Cancer of Rectum; Rectal Tumors

Networked: 6281 relevant articles (440 outcomes, 1332 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Disease Context: Research Results

Related Diseases

1.	Neoplasms (Cancer)
2.	Neoplasm Metastasis (Metastasis)
3.	Colonic Neoplasms (Colon Cancer)
4.	Anastomotic Leak
5.	Colorectal Neoplasms (Colorectal Cancer)

Experts

1.	Slattery, Martha L: 51 articles (07/2015 - 09/2003)
2.	Minsky, Bruce D: 44 articles (03/2015 - 02/2002)
3.	van de Velde, Cornelis J H: 38 articles (02/2016 - 03/2002)
4.	Rödel, Claus: 35 articles (08/2015 - 08/2003)
5.	Marijnen, Corrie A M: 32 articles (11/2015 - 03/2002)
6.	Glimelius, Bengt: 32 articles (08/2015 - 01/2002)
7.	Watanabe, Toshiaki: 32 articles (08/2015 - 07/2002)
8.	Wolff, Roger K: 32 articles (07/2015 - 12/2005)
9.	Valentini, Vincenzo: 31 articles (07/2015 - 07/2002)
10.	Weiser, Martin R: 31 articles (02/2015 - 05/2005)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to Rectal Neoplasms:

1.	Fluorouracil (Carac)FDA LinkGeneric 06/01/2012 - "Intensified preoperative CRT (ICRT) using other drugs in conjunction with 5-FU has been investigated in order to improve the pathological complete remission (pCR) rate and thereby prognosis of patients with locally advanced rectal cancer. " 08/25/1994 - "A protracted infusion of fluorouracil during pelvic irradiation improved the effect of combined-treatment postoperative adjuvant therapy in patients with high-risk rectal cancer. " 06/01/2001 - "Currently, a Phase III randomized trial of chemoradiotherapy is ongoing at our institute to compare the therapeutic efficacy of oral 5-FU with respect to i.v. 5-FU in locally advanced and unresectable rectal cancer." 11/01/2010 - "Chemoradiotherapy using 5-fluorouracil has shown to be effective treatment for rectal cancer. " 05/01/1992 - "Although its clinical advantage was limited, this weekly 5-FU + FA regimen appears useful in the treatment of advanced colo-rectal cancer on a outpatient basis."
2.	capecitabine (Xeloda)FDA Link 02/01/2006 - "Preoperative chemoradiation with capecitabine and RT appeared to be effective in locally advanced resectable, rectal cancer. " 01/01/2014 - "The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of helical tomotherapy plus capecitabine as a preoperative chemoradiotherapy (CRT) in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC). " 09/01/2008 - "The objective of this expanded phase II trial was to confirm the safety results of the preceding phase I study and establish the efficacy of neoadjuvant radiochemotherapy with capecitabine in rectal cancer in a multicenter setting. " 08/01/2007 - "The purpose of this study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of preoperative capecitabine and radiation therapy (RT) in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC). " 02/01/2006 - "The aim of the study was to evaluate tolerance and efficacy of preoperative treatment with capecitabine in combination with radiation therapy (RT) in patients with locally advanced, resectable, rectal cancer. "
3.	oxaliplatin (Eloxatin)FDA LinkGeneric 09/01/2008 - "We performed a Phase I trial to test the safety and preliminary efficacy of adding oxaliplatin to standard preoperative chemoradiation therapy for rectal cancer. " 08/01/2015 - "A multicenter phase II study of preoperative chemoradiotherapy with S-1 plus oxaliplatin for locally advanced rectal cancer (SHOGUN trial)." 04/01/2015 - "The purpose of this phase I study of the dose escalation of oxaliplatin in combination with oral S-1 and pelvic radiation preoperatively for poor-risk lower rectal cancer was to determine the dose-limiting toxicity (DLT) and recommended dose of oxaliplatin. " 01/01/2015 - "The objective of this phase I study was to determine the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) and recommended dose (RD) of preoperative chemoradiotherapy (CRT) with S-1 plus oxaliplatin in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer. " 01/01/2015 - "A phase I dose escalation study of oxaliplatin plus oral S-1 and pelvic radiation in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer (SHOGUN trial)."
4.	bevacizumab FDA Link 01/01/2015 - "A single-arm phase II clinical trial was conducted to evaluate the safety and efficacy of preoperative chemoradiotherapy (CRT) with concurrent S-1, bevacizumab, and radiation in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC). " 06/01/2011 - "We assessed the feasibility and efficacy of preoperative radiochemotherapy combined with bevacizumab in patients with rectal cancer. " 04/14/2015 - "From a subset of 59 patients of 84 rectal cancer patients included in a phase II study combining bevacizumab with CRT, tumour and blood samples were collected before and during treatment, offering the possibility to evaluate changes induced by one dose of bevacizumab. " 11/01/2014 - "Pathological response and safety of two neoadjuvant strategies with bevacizumab in MRI-defined locally advanced T3 resectable rectal cancer: a randomized, noncomparative phase II study." 03/01/2012 - "Phase II study of bevacizumab and chemoradiation in the preoperative or adjuvant treatment of patients with stage II/III rectal cancer."
5.	Leucovorin (Folinic Acid)FDA Link 12/01/2008 - "Pre-operative chemoradiotherapy with UFT and Leucovorin in patients with advanced rectal cancer: a phase II study." 07/01/2007 - "A phase II study of oral UFT and leucovorin concurrently with pelvic irradiation as neoadjuvant chemoradiation for rectal cancer." 10/01/1999 - "Phase II study of radiochemotherapy with UFT and low-dose oral leucovorin in patients with unresectable rectal cancer." 07/01/1999 - "This article describes the design of an open-label, disease-oriented, phase I trial of UFT plus calcium folinate in combination with simultaneous pelvic radiation for recurrent rectal cancer. " 12/01/1994 - "We have continued the study and now report the effectiveness of UFT plus folinic acid (FA) in 52 patients with advanced rectal cancer. "
6.	irinotecan (Camptosar)FDA LinkGeneric 07/01/2007 - "Preoperative chemoradiotherapy with a combination of S-1 and CPT-11 may be a new treatment for rectal cancer." 04/11/2005 - "This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility and efficacy of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy intensified with irinotecan in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer. " 05/01/2002 - "Irinotecan (CPT-11, Camptosar)-based regimens have improved survival in patients with metastatic disease and are being actively investigated in combination with pelvic radiation therapy for patients with rectal cancer." 06/01/2015 - "Even though a benefit of irinotecan in subgroups of patients cannot be excluded, due to early termination and lack of power, the study does not support the addition of irinotecan to 5-FU/LV in routine in patients with resected stage II-III rectal cancer." 04/01/2011 - "This study provides an overview of the published clinical trials evaluating the role of irinotecan as a radiosensitizer in the management of locally advanced rectal cancer. "
7.	cetuximab (Erbitux)FDA Link 05/15/2011 - "Phase II trials in locally advanced rectal cancer have shown that cetuximab-based neoadjuvant radiochemotherapy is feasible but without an improvement in complete pathologic response rates. " 07/01/2014 - "In this updated analysis of the EXPERT-C trial we show that, in magnetic resonance imaging-defined, high-risk, locally advanced rectal cancer, adding cetuximab to a treatment strategy with neoadjuvant CAPOX followed by chemoradiotherapy, surgery, and adjuvant CAPOX is not associated with a statistically significant improvement in progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) in both KRAS/BRAF wild-type and unselected patients. " 05/10/2012 - "Cetuximab led to a significant increase in RR and OS in patients with KRAS/BRAF wild-type rectal cancer, but the primary end point of improved CR was not met." 11/15/2011 - "KRAS and BRAF mutations and PTEN expression do not predict efficacy of cetuximab-based chemoradiotherapy in locally advanced rectal cancer." 06/10/2009 - "Molecular response to cetuximab and efficacy of preoperative cetuximab-based chemoradiation in rectal cancer."
8.	TegafurIBA 07/01/2006 - "16 patients with locally advanced rectal cancer were treated with preoperative pelvic irradiation (45-50 Gy) sensitized with oral tegafur (400 mg for every 8 hours daily). " 07/01/2006 - "From 05/98 to 10/02, 114 patients were treated with preoperative chemoradiation (4500-5040 cGy + oral Tegafur 1200 mg/day) for cT(3)-(4)N(+/x)M(0) rectal cancer. " 04/01/2005 - "From May 1998 to May 2001, 62 consecutive patients with cT(3-4) or cN(+) rectal cancer, or both, were treated with 45-50 Gy (1.8 Gy/day; 25 fractions) and oral tegafur 1200 mg/day. " 04/01/2005 - "Preoperative chemoradiation with oral tegafur within a multidisciplinary therapeutic approach in patients with T3-4 rectal cancer." 09/01/1989 - "[Five cases of rectal cancer showing remarkable response to suppository administration of tegafur]."
9.	UracilIBA 09/01/2005 - "Neoadjuvant therapy of rectal cancer using oral tegaful-uracil (UFT) plus concomitant radiotherapy--a case report." 09/01/2005 - "A 59-year-old male patient with rectal cancer 2 cm in diameter (T2) at the peritoneal reflection with suspicious left lateral node metastasis was treated with 400 mg of preoperative oral uracil and tegaful (UFT) for 5 weeks, 5 days a week in combination with concomitant radiotherapy of 45 Gy per 25 fractions for 5 weeks. " 04/01/2013 - "The study group comprised 101 consecutive patients with locally advanced rectal cancer who received preoperative CRT with oral uracil/tegafur (UFT) or S-1. " 11/01/2014 - "We report a case of a complete response to treatment with uracil-tegafur (UFT) alone in advanced rectal cancer. " 11/01/2014 - "Complete response to uracil-tegafur alone in advanced rectal cancer."
10.	XELOXIBA 11/28/2011 - "Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy using the XELOX regimen in rectal cancer patients obviously reduced the TNM staging and improved the pathological complete response rate. " 11/01/2013 - "Preoperative chemoradiotherapy followed by XELOX might be effective for the treatment of locally advanced lower rectal cancer. " 11/28/2011 - "This study evaluated the efficacy and safety of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy with the XELOX regimen in rectal cancer patients. " 11/01/2014 - "A 69- year-old man with metastatic rectal cancer received 4 courses XELOX therapy. " 04/01/2012 - "[A case of locally advanced rectal cancer had a pathological complete response to XELOX Therapy]."

Therapies and Procedures

1.	Radiotherapy 11/01/2007 - "Although contact radiotherapy was developed 70 years ago, and is highly effective with cure rates of over 90% for early rectal cancer, there are few centres that offer this treatment today. " 02/13/2006 - "The evidence base suggests that concurrent CRT with early positioning of radiotherapy appears the best option for patients with locally advanced rectal cancer and in all disease sites where radiation is the primary local therapy." 09/01/1991 - "Postoperative radiotherapy is highly effective in the prevention of local recurrence in rectal cancer. " 03/01/2012 - "This study evaluated the oncologic efficacy of postoperative radiotherapy (RTx) in loco-regional control after complete removal of primary and metastatic lesions in stage IV rectal cancer. " 11/01/1995 - "On the other hand, some randomized trials for rectal cancer demonstrated that preoperative radiotherapy could decrease local failure, and that patients who underwent curative surgery appeared to have an improved 5-year survival compared to the controls, although overall survival was not improved. "
2.	Drug Therapy (Chemotherapy) 11/01/2014 - "When combined with appropriate neoadjuvant chemotherapy and total mesorectal excision, the treatment of rectal cancer has dramatically improved. " 01/01/2015 - "The mainstay of treatment in rectal cancer is neoadjuvant radio chemotherapy prior to surgery, in an attempt to downstage the tumour, allowing for more complete removal during surgery. " 11/01/2014 - "These results suggest that chemotherapy with UFT alone can yield complete remission from advanced rectal cancer." 10/01/2011 - "This chemotherapy is expected to have a potent therapeutic efficacy for older adult patients with advanced rectal cancer, because it is convenient and causes no severe diverse events." 10/01/2009 - "This chemotherapy was expected to have a potent therapeutic efficacy for recurrent rectal cancer, considering the convenience, cost benefit and no severe adverse event."
3.	Neoadjuvant Therapy 03/01/2014 - "Pathologic complete response (pCR) to neoadjuvant treatment for rectal cancer has been associated with improved local control, reduced distant disease and a survival advantage when compared with non-complete responders. " 01/01/2014 - "In recent years, prognosis of rectal cancer has markedly improved, due to innovations in surgical treatment in combination with neoadjuvant therapy. " 05/01/2009 - "Our model outlines the issues associated with surgery vs. observation, and suggests that surgery is beneficial for the average patient with rectal cancer with a clinical complete response after neoadjuvant therapy. " 01/01/2015 - "The neoadjuvant therapy has significantly improved the outcome of locally advanced resectable T3 rectal cancer patients. " 05/01/2011 - "During the past decades the management of patients with rectal cancer has substantially changed, with a significant reduction in local recurrence rates following the introduction of better imaging, better surgery, and more efficient neoadjuvant therapy. "
4.	Adjuvant Chemotherapy 08/01/1996 - "Adjuvant chemotherapy in rectal cancer patients is aimed at decreasing the relapse rate of the disease, increasing the disease-free and the overall survival of the patients. " 01/01/1991 - "There is suggestive evidence that adjuvant chemotherapy is more effective with rectal cancer than with primaries arising proximal to the peritoneal reflection. " 12/01/2012 - "This study has shown improved survival after adjuvant chemotherapy in patients with stage III rectal cancer as compared with historical controls treated by surgery alone. " 01/15/2015 - "In conclusion, the prognostic impact of SRCC is dismal in both colon and rectal cancer patients, but adjuvant chemotherapy is associated with improved survival in AC, MC, and SRCC patients." 11/01/2007 - "This improved disease-free survival also was seen in patients with Stage II rectal cancer not treated with adjuvant chemotherapy. "
5.	Colostomy 09/01/2010 - "Spiral cuff colostomy with reconstruction after abdominoperineal resection of very low distal rectal cancer offers a surgical option for a selective group of patients with reasonable functional long-term results and an improved quality of life." 03/01/2005 - "Abdominoperineal resection, with iliac colostomy, remains the gold standard treatment for very low-lying rectal cancer, but it alters patients' quality of life. " 01/01/2014 - "In patients undergoing abdominoperineal resection with permanent colostomy for rectal cancer, mesh prophylaxis might be the less costly and more effective strategy compared with no mesh to prevent PSH in patients with stage I to III disease, and might be cost effective in patients with stage IV disease." 08/01/2013 - "Our preliminary results show that sphincter reconstruction by means of gluteus maximus transposition can be effective in restoring gastrointestinal continuity and recovering fecal continence in patients who have undergone APR with permanent colostomy for rectal cancer. " 06/01/1987 - "Abdominoperineal resection and permanent colostomy have been the mainstay of treatment for rectal cancer. "