Glucocorticoid Receptors (Glucocorticoid Receptor)

Cytoplasmic proteins that specifically bind glucocorticoids and mediate their cellular effects. The glucocorticoid receptor-glucocorticoid complex acts in the nucleus to induce transcription of DNA. Glucocorticoids were named for their actions on blood glucose concentration, but they have equally important effects on protein and fat metabolism. Cortisol is the most important example.

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Networked: 2047 relevant articles (51 outcomes, 235 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Bio-Agent Context: Research Results

Experts

1.	van Rossum, Elisabeth F C: 15 articles (08/2014 - 08/2005)
2.	Yehuda, Rachel: 12 articles (11/2015 - 09/2002)
3.	Koper, Jan W: 12 articles (08/2014 - 08/2005)
4.	Haegeman, Guy: 11 articles (10/2015 - 02/2008)
5.	Conzen, Suzanne D: 11 articles (09/2015 - 11/2002)
6.	De Bosscher, Karolien: 10 articles (01/2015 - 02/2008)
7.	Barnes, Peter J: 9 articles (08/2015 - 04/2002)
8.	Tuckermann, Jan: 8 articles (07/2014 - 01/2007)
9.	Lamberts, Steven W J: 8 articles (01/2012 - 10/2006)
10.	Young, Allan H: 8 articles (04/2007 - 04/2003)

Related Diseases

1.	Asthma (Bronchial Asthma) 01/01/2015 - "The aim of the present study was to determine the relation between the 646 C>G polymorphism of the glucocorticoid receptor gene (NR3C1) and resistance to GCs with development of severe bronchial asthma. " 05/01/2012 - "Upregulation of glucocorticoid receptor β (GRβ) has been implicated in steroid resistance in severe asthma, although previous studies are conflicting. " 06/01/2003 - "This study investigated the association between glucocorticoid-receptor (GR) alterations and continuous oral glucocorticoid therapy requirement in severe asthma. " 06/01/1995 - "Recent studies indicate that chronic asthma is associated with a spectrum of glucocorticoid receptor (GCR) binding abnormalities that are cytokine-inducible. " 01/01/1994 - "The current study examined whether alterations in glucocorticoid receptor (GR) binding contribute to poor response to glucocorticoid therapy in asthma. "
2.	Neoplasms (Cancer) 02/28/2011 - "Though not differentially expressed between tumor and non-tumor tissues, the over expression of the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) was associated improved overall survival. " 11/01/1981 - "A study of glucocorticoid receptors in intracranial tumors." 10/13/2015 - "Discovery of Compound A - a selective activator of the glucocorticoid receptor with anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer activity." 09/16/2015 - "Recently, glucocorticoid receptor (GR) activity has also been proposed as having an important role in these cancers. " 11/01/2014 - "Untranslated exon 1A3 of the human glucocorticoid receptor (GR) gene is a major determinant of GICD in GICD-sensitive human cancer cell lines, operating to dynamically upregulate GR levels in response to GCs. "
3.	Cushing Syndrome 03/01/2014 - "We investigate the role of gender, disease etiology, duration, and degree of hypercortisolism as well as the impact of glucocorticoid receptor (GR) polymorphisms on the development of bone complications in CS. " 03/01/2014 - "Furthermore, this initially considered reproductive medicine has been investigated in some psychotic diseases and various disorders of hypercortisolism, because of its glucocorticoid receptor antagonism. " 01/01/2012 - "Association of glucocorticoid receptor polymorphism A3669G with decreased risk of developing diabetes in patients with Cushing's syndrome." 11/01/2009 - "BclI polymorphism of the glucocorticoid receptor gene is associated with decreased bone mineral density in patients with endogenous hypercortisolism." 08/01/2006 - "This increase suggests a defect in the action of the circadian timing system and HPA axis, creating a hormonal milieu similarly seen in early Cushing's syndrome and potentially an (im)balance of mineralocorticoid and glucocorticoid receptor activity."
4.	Noise-Induced Hearing Loss (Acoustic Trauma) 11/01/2011 - "Glucocorticoid receptor-induced protection against acoustic trauma is found by i) pretreatment with glucocorticoid agonists; ii) acute restraint stress; and iii) sound conditioning. " 10/01/2009 - "Restraint stress (RS) protects auditory function against acoustic trauma by activating glucocorticoid receptors (GR) in the cochlea. " 04/01/2007 - "Glucocorticoid receptors modulate auditory sensitivity to acoustic trauma." 09/01/2006 - "The role of glucocorticoid receptors (GRs) in the protective effect of restraint stress (RS) before acoustic trauma was studied in spiral ganglion neurons of CBA mice. " 03/01/2013 - "Dexamethasone provides protection against noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) possibly by suppressing cochlear Hes1 expression via a glucocorticoid receptor (GR)-dependent mechanism. "
5.	Hyperglycemia 03/01/2013 - "Mifepristone (RU 486), a first-in-class glucocorticoid receptor antagonist, was approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration in 2012 for use in Cushing's syndrome to control hyperglycemia in patients who are not surgical candidates or have not achieved remission from surgery. " 04/01/2015 - "Mifepristone, a glucocorticoid receptor antagonist, has been approved for hyperglycemia associated with Cushing's syndrome based on the results of a prospective study where it produced in the majority of patients' significant clinical and metabolic improvement. " 09/01/2012 - "Mifepristone (a glucocorticoid receptor antagonist) is another promising drug, recently approved by the FDA for treatment of hyperglycemia associated with Cushing's syndrome. " 06/01/2005 - "Reduction of hepatic and adipose tissue glucocorticoid receptor expression with antisense oligonucleotides improves hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia in diabetic rodents without causing systemic glucocorticoid antagonism." 03/01/2003 - "We previously showed that prenatal dexamethasone (dex) exposure in the rat lowers birth weight and programs adult fasting and postprandial hyperglycemia, associated with increased hepatic gluconeogenesis driven by elevated liver glucocorticoid receptor (GR) expression. "

Related Drugs and Biologics

1.	Mifepristone (RU 486)
2.	Glucocorticoids
3.	Messenger RNA (mRNA)
4.	Dexamethasone (Maxidex)
5.	Carbon Monoxide
6.	PPAR alpha
7.	Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors (PPAR)
8.	Enzymes
9.	fluticasone (Cutivate)
10.	constitutive androstane receptor

Related Therapies and Procedures

1.	Drug Therapy (Chemotherapy)
2.	Laminectomy
3.	Combination Drug Therapy (Combination Chemotherapy)
4.	Adrenalectomy
5.	Aftercare (After-Treatment)