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Razoxane (Dexrazoxane)

An antimitotic agent with immunosuppressive properties. Dexrazoxane, the (+)-enantiomorph of razoxane, provides cardioprotection against anthracycline toxicity. It appears to inhibit formation of a toxic iron-anthracycline complex.

Also Known As:

Dexrazoxane; Zinecard; ADR-529; Cardioxan; Cardioxane; ICRF-159; ICRF-186; ICRF-187; NSC-129943; NSC-169780; Razoxane Mesylate, (R)-Isomer; Razoxane, (R)-Isomer; Razoxane, (S)-Isomer; Razoxin; ADR 529; ADR529; ICRF 159; ICRF 186; ICRF 187; ICRF159; ICRF186; ICRF187; NSC 129943; NSC129943; 2,6-Piperazinedione, 4,4'-(1-methyl-1,2-ethanediyl)bis-, (+-)-

Networked: 377 relevant articles (49 outcomes, 95 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Drug Context: Research Results

Heterocyclic Compounds: 60
- 1-Ring Heterocyclic Compounds
  - Piperazines: 18
    - Diketopiperazines: 31
      - Razoxane: 377
        bimolane: 13
        1,2-bis(3,5-dioxopiperazin-1-yl)ethane: 11
        probimane: 6
        1,1'-(1,2-cyclopropanediyl)bis(2,6-piperazinedione)
        4,4'-(1,2-cyclopropanediyl)bis(2,6-piperazinedione)
        ADR 559
        FMI protocol
        ICRF 192
        ICRF 239
        N-(2-amino-2-oxoethyl)-N-(2-(3,5-dioxo-1-piperazinyl)-1-methylethyl)glycine
        N-(2-amino-2-oxoethyl)-N-(2-(3,5-dioxo-1-piperazinyl)propyl)glycine

Experts

1.	Sehested, Maxwell: 12 articles (02/2012 - 06/2002)
2.	Lipshultz, Steven E: 10 articles (01/2016 - 07/2004)
3.	Rhomberg, Walter: 10 articles (05/2009 - 04/2003)
4.	Langer, Seppo W: 8 articles (01/2014 - 08/2003)
5.	Jensen, Peter Buhl: 8 articles (02/2012 - 08/2003)
6.	Eiter, Helmut: 8 articles (05/2009 - 10/2004)
7.	Lu, Da-Yong: 5 articles (11/2010 - 12/2004)
8.	Hofland, Kenneth Francis: 5 articles (10/2007 - 08/2003)
9.	Jensen, Lars H: 5 articles (10/2007 - 06/2002)
10.	Schwartz, Cindy L: 4 articles (01/2016 - 02/2007)

Related Diseases

1.	Neoplasms (Cancer) 01/01/2010 - "Based on the available data, dexrazoxane appears to be a safe and effective cardioprotectant in children, and it does not appear to alter overall survival times in children with cancer. " 04/01/2016 - "Several randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have demonstrated that dexrazoxane reduces anthracycline cardiotoxicity in adults, but use in children has been hindered by lack of direct evidence of cardioprotection and concerns regarding second malignant neoplasms (SMNs). " 09/01/2013 - "A recent randomized trial suggested that the use of dexrazoxane reduced cardiac toxicity without affecting cancer outcomes. " 10/01/2012 - "The results of this study suggest that the early use of dexrazoxane protects against the development of cardiotoxicity during anthracycline treatment in pediatric cancer patients. " 09/01/2010 - "This study attempted to assess the incidence and outcome of anthracycline cardiotoxicity and the role of dexrazoxane as a cardioprotectant in childhood solid tumors. "
2.	Breast Neoplasms (Breast Cancer) 01/01/2008 - "The aim of our study was to analyze the incidence of cardiac dysfunction over a 10-year period in patients with breast cancer who were treated with anthracycline-based regimens with addition of dexrazoxane, mainly in an adjuvant setting. " 01/01/1979 - "Phase II study of ICRF-159 in refractory metastatic breast cancer." 09/01/2015 - "SST-2 breast tumor-bearing SHRs were treated with saline, Dox, dexrazoxane (Drz) or both Dox and Drz and monitored for 14 days. " 01/01/1999 - "Dexrazoxane (DZR) protects against anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity in several laboratory animal species and in patients with breast cancer. " 09/01/1998 - "Although preliminary pharmacoeconomic analyses have shown dexrazoxane to be a cost-effective agent in women with advanced breast cancer, they require confirmation. "
3.	Neoplasm Metastasis (Metastasis) 11/15/1981 - "The combination of ICRF-159 with the eight-fraction radiation course proved to be effective for both increasing local control and decreasing the incidence of metastases. " 01/01/2008 - "Metastases and the normalization of tumour blood vessels by ICRF 159: a new type of drug action." 05/01/1993 - "The experimental anti-metastasis agent Razoxane reduced growth, but had no detectable effects on motility. " 10/01/1984 - "Used prospectively, U/S has been valuable in monitoring the natural history of liver metastases and their behaviour during razoxane treatment." 10/01/1984 - "The median time to development of liver metastases detected by U/S and other means was 59 weeks in the control group and 91 weeks in the razoxane treatment group. "
4.	Cardiomyopathies (Cardiomyopathy) 06/01/2013 - "Because this is paralleled by an improved cardiac performance in cav1 mice, our data suggest dexrazoxane as a novel therapeutic strategy in this specific cardiomyopathy." 01/01/1986 - "The results of the present study demonstrate that pretreatment with ICRF-187 provides prolonged protection against the cardiomyopathy, as opposed to producing only a delay in the appearance of cardiac alterations." 06/01/2013 - "Given the molecular similarities between the anthracycline-induced cardiomyopathy and the cardiomyopathy in cav1 mice, we questioned whether dexrazoxane may also prevent the evolution of the cardiac pathologies in cav1 mice. " 06/01/2013 - "Currently, dexrazoxane is approved for the prevention of anthracycline-induced cardiomyopathy. " 04/01/2013 - "Dexrazoxane prevention of anthracycline cardiomyopathy."
5.	Necrosis 08/01/2007 - "However, dexrazoxane has proven highly effective in preventing necrosis in both preclinical and clinical studies and is now approved in Europe (Savene), and has orphan drug status in the USA (Totect) for this indication. " 04/01/2009 - "In two multicenter studies dexrazoxane has proven to be highly effective in preventing skin necrosis and ulceration. " 08/01/2007 - "Data suggest that administration of IV dexrazoxane is effective in preventing tissue necrosis following anthracycline extravasation. " 09/01/2012 - "The clinical bottom line is that intravenous dexrazoxane appears to be safe and may reduce the risk of tissue necrosis after extravasation of anthracycline." 02/01/1999 - "Cutaneous and subcutaneous necrosis following dexrazoxane-CHOP therapy."

Related Drugs and Biologics

1.	Doxorubicin (Adriamycin)
2.	Razoxane (Dexrazoxane)
3.	Anthracyclines
4.	Type II DNA Topoisomerases (Topoisomerase II)
5.	Fluorouracil (Carac)
6.	triazinate
7.	Amifostine (Ethyol)
8.	Vindesine (Vindesin)
9.	DNA topoisomerase II alpha
10.	Cyclophosphamide (Cytoxan)

Related Therapies and Procedures

1.	Drug Therapy (Chemotherapy)
2.	Radiotherapy
3.	Remission Induction
4.	Combination Drug Therapy (Combination Chemotherapy)
5.	Transplants (Transplant)