Precocious Puberty

Development of SEXUAL MATURATION in boys and girls at a chronological age that is 2.5 standard deviations below the mean age at onset of PUBERTY in the population. This early maturation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis results in sexual precocity, elevated serum levels of GONADOTROPINS and GONADAL STEROID HORMONES such as ESTRADIOL and TESTOSTERONE.

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Networked: 1554 relevant articles (87 outcomes, 149 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Disease Context: Research Results

Related Diseases

1.	Polyostotic Fibrous Dysplasia (McCune Albright Syndrome)
2.	Neoplasms (Cancer)
3.	Endometriosis (Adenomyosis)
4.	Prostatic Neoplasms (Prostate Cancer)
5.	Hirsutism

Experts

1.	Eugster, Erica A: 23 articles (01/2016 - 07/2003)
2.	Latronico, Ana Claudia: 20 articles (01/2016 - 10/2003)
3.	Neely, E Kirk: 12 articles (06/2015 - 05/2006)
4.	Brauner, Raja: 11 articles (01/2015 - 01/2002)
5.	Lee, Peter A: 11 articles (09/2014 - 01/2003)
6.	Brito, Vinicius Nahime: 10 articles (01/2016 - 06/2006)
7.	Phillip, Moshe: 9 articles (04/2015 - 04/2004)
8.	Hwang, Jin Soon: 9 articles (09/2014 - 01/2010)
9.	Carel, Jean-Claude: 9 articles (02/2012 - 09/2002)
10.	Juul, Anders: 8 articles (05/2015 - 03/2002)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to Precocious Puberty:

1.	Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone (GnRH)FDA Link 02/01/2012 - "We suggest that the rapid growth velocity is the most useful predictive factor for positive results in the GnRH stimulation test in girls with suspected precocious puberty." 07/01/2000 - "In conclusion, a gain of 7.9 cm in adult height represents a significant improvement which justifies the addition of GH for 2-3 yr to conventional treatment with GnRH analogues in patients with central precocious puberty, and with a decrease in growth velocity so marked as to impair predicted adult height to below the third percentile." 06/01/2015 - "Treatment with GnRH analogs is the established treatment of central precocious puberty, and its addition to GH therapy appears effective in increasing adult height in GH deficient children, and possibly short children born SGA or with SHOX deficiency, who are still short at pubertal onset. " 11/01/2004 - "Gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist (GnRHa) is widely used for the treatment of precocious puberty, but there was no identical regime for the dosage and the interval of administration. " 07/01/1987 - "These results indicate that pulsatile delivery of GnRH is effective in inducing precocious puberty in ewe lambs. "
2.	GonadotropinsIBA 01/01/1986 - "Patients with peripheral precocious puberty, however, had no significant change in gonadotropin or sex steroid levels, growth rate, or the rate of bone age maturation, and no improvement in secondary sexual characteristics. " 08/01/1991 - "A dose of more than 30 micrograms/kg of TAP-144-SR is effective in suppressing gonadotropins and causing improvement of clinical symptoms, and appears to be useful in treating children with central precocious puberty." 02/01/1986 - "Finally, the detailed characterization of children with precocious puberty has helped to define more precisely a subset of patients whose precocity occurs in the absence of demonstrable gonadotropin secretion.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)" 12/01/2013 - "The aim of this study was to investigate the diagnostic accuracy of basal gonadotropin levels for girls with suspected precocious puberty and to evaluate the factors affecting positive results of the GnRHST. " 01/01/2011 - "Gonadotropin stimulation test is the gold standard to document precocious puberty. "
3.	Leuprolide (Lupron)FDA LinkGeneric 02/01/1989 - "The long-term safety of this treatment has not yet been established; however, leuprolide appears to be an effective long-term therapy for central precocious puberty." 10/01/1988 - "Efficacy of leuprolide therapy in children with central precocious puberty." 05/20/2015 - "Efficacy and safety of domestic leuprorelin in girls with idiopathic central precocious puberty: a multicenter, randomized, parallel, controlled trial." 12/01/2011 - "A randomized trial of 1- and 3-month depot leuprolide doses in the treatment of central precocious puberty." 10/01/1988 - "Although the long-term effects of leuprolide therapy cannot be determined with this study, it appears to be efficacious in the treatment of central precocious puberty."
4.	3- (2- carboxypiperazin- 4- yl)propyl- 1- phosphonic acid (CPP)IBA 01/01/2015 - "Few studies have explored the trends in central precocious puberty (CPP) in Asian populations. " 01/01/2015 - "There are few studies in the literature that have evaluated the etiological factors in boys with central precocious puberty (CPP), and these studies are limited in terms of the sample size. " 12/01/2014 - "The objectives of the study were to determine the prevalence and type of intracranial lesions in otherwise normal girls with central precocious puberty (idiopathic CPP) and to identify the clinical and biochemical predictors of brain abnormalities. " 09/01/2014 - "The aim of this study was to identify CYP19A1 gene mutations or polymorphisms in girls with central precocious puberty (CPP). " 03/01/2014 - "The aim of this report was to study the benefit over cost of combined treatment in girls with central precocious puberty (CPP) and poor height prognosis and in girls with idiopathic short stature (ISS) and early puberty. "
5.	Buserelin (Suprefact)IBA 10/01/1989 - "Buserelin at a dose of 1800 micrograms/day is effective in the treatment of most but not all patients with precocious puberty." 06/01/1984 - "Since a similar analog was shown to be effective in the short term parenteral treatment of idiopathic precocious puberty in girls (10), we used Buserelin both intranasally and sc to treat patients of both sexes with idiopathic and secondary central precocious puberty to test its efficacy, safety, and potential for long term use. " 02/01/1990 - "Buserelin treatment was safe and well accepted, and offers the promise of improved linear growth potential in precocious puberty." 03/01/1990 - "Buserelin represents a first-line treatment of central precocious puberty. " 11/01/1986 - "We conclude that in buserelin therapy, in the dose used in this study, does not represent optimal treatment for the initial management of patients with precocious puberty. "
6.	Growth Hormone (Somatotropin)IBA 03/01/1987 - "Girls with central precocious puberty had significantly greater mean 24-hour levels of growth hormone in comparison with normal prepubertal girls (5.1 +/- 0.5 SEM vs 3.4 +/- 0.3 ng/mL, P less than 0.005). " 05/01/2014 - "She also exhibited precocious puberty and growth hormone deficiency and required treatment for improving final height. " 07/01/2011 - "We describe a 5 4/12 year-old girl with the typical features of FHS in whom growth hormone deficiency was diagnosed and two years later central precocious puberty was noted. " 07/01/2011 - "This syndrome has only once been associated with growth hormone deficiency and precocious puberty in the same patient. " 08/01/2009 - "Before CRT, growth hormone (GH) secretion abnormality was diagnosed in 24% of tested patients, and 12% had precocious puberty. "
7.	Triptorelin (Trelstar)FDA Link 07/01/2015 - "To evaluate the long-term efficacy of triptorelin 3.75 mg subcutaneously every 6 weeks on the final height in girls with idiopathic central precocious puberty (ICPP). " 12/01/1998 - "Efficacy of the subcutaneous reformulated triptorelin depot in children with central precocious puberty." 11/01/2004 - "The aim of this study was to assess the feasibility of subcutaneous administration of Triptorelin with a prolonged interval (six weeks) for the suppression of pituitary-gonadal axis and clinical signs in girls with idiopathic central precocious puberty (ICPP). " 06/01/1999 - "French study group of Decapeptyl in Precocious Puberty." 11/01/2015 - "An 8-year-old girl who was diagnosed with central precocious puberty was receiving triptorelin acetate treatment uneventfully for 6 months. "
8.	HormonesIBA 05/01/2002 - "The symptoms and signs of precocious puberty resolved completely, and sexual hormone levels decreased to the pre-pubertal range in all six patients without any postoperative complications. " 02/01/2006 - "Association study of six activity SNPS in adrenal steroid hormone metabolism and IBM related genes with precocious puberty in Chinese girls." 03/01/2015 - "In this work, we examined the ovarian development and its relationship with steroid hormone receptors levels and the precocious puberty in JiNing Gray goats by using optical microscopy, immunohistochemistry, quantitative real-time RT-PCR (qPCR) and Western blotting. " 03/01/2015 - "The patients whose bone age/chronological age ratio was >1 and in whom pubertal response was obtained to gonodotropin releasing hormone stimulation test were considered central precocious puberty and the patients who did not meet these criteria were considered premature thelarche. " 03/01/2015 - "We also evaluated different breast ultrasound findings in pediatric subjects with precocious puberty and premature thelarche while comparing bone age and hormone levels. "
9.	Testolactone (Teslac)FDA Link 06/01/1997 - "Precocious puberty was treated initially with testolactone and later with oophorectomy. " 01/01/2004 - "The first-generation agent, testolactone, has been demonstrated to be tolerable and effective in the treatment of familial male precocious puberty, while mixed results with testolactone have been achieved in girls with McCune-Albright syndrome. " 10/30/1986 - "We conclude that testolactone is an effective treatment of precocious puberty in the McCune-Albright syndrome." 09/01/1993 - "Long-term testolactone therapy for precocious puberty in girls with the McCune-Albright syndrome." 06/01/1985 - "Testolactone may be an effective therapy of precocious puberty in girls with McCune-Albright syndrome."
10.	Aromatase InhibitorsIBA 01/01/2004 - "Although a few anecdotal reports of the use of newer generation aromatase inhibitors in precocious puberty exist, the extreme rarity of the relevant disorders remains a limiting factor in clinical investigation. " 01/01/2004 - "Aromatase inhibitors have been used in the treatment of selective forms of precocious puberty since the mid-1980s. " 01/01/2004 - "Aromatase inhibitors in precocious puberty: rationale and experience to date." 06/01/1999 - "Use of aromatase inhibitors in precocious puberty." 10/01/2013 - "Aromatase inhibitors (AI) have been used in males in idiopathic short stature, constitutional delay of puberty, precocious puberty, gynecomastia, oligospermia, hypogonadism related to obesity and ageing. "

Therapies and Procedures

1.	Aftercare (After-Treatment) 09/01/2010 - "Here we report two boys with coexistent central precocious puberty and primary gonadal failure after treatment for childhood malignancies." 09/01/2010 - "Combined central precocious puberty and primary gonadal failure after treatment of childhood malignancy in two boys: a diagnostic and therapeutic conundrum." 09/01/1983 - "Physical changes associated with the onset of precocious puberty in rats after treatment with PMSG." 12/01/2011 - "The clinical symptoms of children with McCune-Albright syndrome or CAH were alliaviated partly after treatment, and 7 cases were transformed to central precocious puberty. " 11/01/1991 - "After treatment with cyproterone acetate for 7 years the precocious puberty and excess growth improved but the bone-age still remain advanced. "
2.	Contraception (Birth Control) 01/01/1988 - "Analogues are proving valuable in the treatment of precocious puberty, but are not yet practical for contraception. " 01/01/1986 - "By virtue of its inhibitory effect, this antagonist is potentially useful as a therapeutic agent in clinical situations requiring long term suppression of testicular function, such as fertility control, the treatment of steroid-dependent neoplasms, and precocious puberty." 12/06/1985 - "contraception, treatment of central precocious puberty and sex steroid-dependent benign and malignant diseases of the reproductive organs, predominantly metastatic prostatic cancer. " 01/01/1987 - "for prostatic cancer, endometriosis, precocious puberty, and contraception." 04/01/1992 - "Recent approaches to inhibiting testicular function for the purposes of male contraception, treatment of precocious puberty, and palliation of prostatic disease (prostatic carcinoma and benign prostatic hypertrophy) are addressed. "
3.	Injections 11/01/1984 - "We treated six boys, aged 1-6 yr, with true precocious puberty due to hypothalamic hamartoma for 6-24 months with daily sc injections of LRHa. " 07/01/2006 - "Leuprolide (aLHRH) 11.25 mg, injected every three months, is effective for the control of central precocious puberty and allows to reduce the number of yearly injections from 12 to 4." 10/01/2015 - "The most common cause of precocious puberty is idiopathic central precocious puberty (CPP), which is usually treated with monthly injections. " 05/01/2014 - "Precocious puberty treatment traditionally meant anxiety-provoking monthly depot injections until the advent of the annually implanted histrelin capsule. " 06/01/1994 - "Interestingly, there also seems to be a critical period of NMDA effectiveness because daily injections of NMA (30 mg/kg) from day 16 to 20 do not induce precocious puberty. "
4.	Combined Modality Therapy 12/01/1993 - "Intracranial choriocarcinoma causing precocious puberty and cured with combined modality therapy."
5.	Drug Therapy (Chemotherapy) 02/01/2009 - "In consideration of the large number of the rapid advances in this area, it seems appropriate to highlight some of the recent studies that address factors involved in the decision to treat a child with central precocious puberty, and two recent advances in drug therapy. " 08/01/1986 - "A number of factors may be responsible, including spinal irradiation, malnutrition, recurrent tumour, chemotherapy, precocious puberty and radiation-induced GH deficiency. " 05/01/2005 - "Moreover, we review the potential role of these agents in pharmacotherapy of endometriosis, uterine myomas and central precocious puberty. " 08/01/2013 - "Current pharmacotherapy of central precocious puberty by GnRH analogs: certainties and uncertainties." 01/01/2004 - "In the youngest patient with folliculoma ovari chemotherapy was also given, and girl No. 3 with luteinic capsule was treated for one year with decapeptyl because idiopathic precocious puberty was diagnosed. "