Delayed Puberty

The lack of development of SEXUAL MATURATION in boys and girls at a chronological age that is 2.5 standard deviations above the mean age at onset of PUBERTY in a population. Delayed puberty can be classified by defects in the hypothalamic LHRH pulse generator, the PITUITARY GLAND, or the GONADS. These patients will undergo spontaneous but delayed puberty whereas patients with SEXUAL INFANTILISM will not.

Also Known As:

Networked: 482 relevant articles (14 outcomes, 29 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Disease Context: Research Results

Related Diseases

1.	Weight Gain
2.	Osteoporosis
3.	Cryptorchidism (Undescended Testes)
4.	Anemia
5.	Cataract (Cataracts)

Experts

1.	Dunkel, Leo: 3 articles (01/2016 - 07/2006)
2.	Layman, Lawrence C: 3 articles (05/2015 - 10/2012)
3.	Yingling, Vanessa R: 3 articles (01/2013 - 01/2006)
4.	Dees, W Les: 3 articles (09/2009 - 07/2002)
5.	Hiney, Jill K: 3 articles (09/2009 - 07/2002)
6.	Brauner, R: 3 articles (08/2005 - 03/2001)
7.	Trivin, C: 3 articles (08/2005 - 03/2001)
8.	Howard, Sasha: 2 articles (01/2016 - 05/2015)
9.	Chan, Yee-Ming: 2 articles (12/2015 - 10/2011)
10.	Fasano, Alessio: 2 articles (10/2015 - 01/2005)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to Delayed Puberty:

1.	Testosterone (Sustanon)FDA Link 01/01/2014 - "This was a subgroup analysis of a multicenter, open-label study of adolescent boys (N = 86) with delayed puberty who received .5-5.0 g testosterone gel 1% daily for ≤6 months. " 09/01/2015 - "Delayed puberty and lower levels of testosterone (T) have been observed in adult obese males and some adolescent males. " 04/01/2015 - "Evaluation of 451 Danish boys with delayed puberty: diagnostic use of a new puberty nomogram and effects of oral testosterone therapy." 04/01/2014 - "There were also testicular alterations that might be related to delayed puberty and decrease of serum testosterone. " 06/01/2009 - "In milder cases of delayed puberty, treatment is often not required; however, considerable evidence exists for the efficacy and safety of short courses of low-dose testosterone therapy for appropriately selected individuals. "
2.	Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone (GnRH)FDA Link 09/01/1988 - "The results indicate that pulsatile LH-RH therapy is an highly effective treatment for IHH and delayed puberty." 09/20/2015 - "The objective of this research was to assess the cut-off values and the efficacy of GnRH stimulation test in the diagnosis of delayed puberty in both males and females. " 06/30/2008 - "The study of the pathology of the pubertal timing, including delayed puberty led to the discovery of new genes involved in the migration of GnRH neurons and genes involved in the neuroendocrine regulation of the gonadotropic axis. " 10/01/1997 - "To study GnRH neuron projections to the systemic circulation during sexual maturation and in photoperiod-induced delayed puberty, we injected fluorogold (i.p.) into long- or short-day-reared male Djungarian hamsters. " 09/20/2015 - "Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) stimulation test has been generally accepted as a current method for diagnosing delayed puberty. "
3.	GonadotropinsIBA 01/01/2016 - "Sex Steroid and Gonadotropin Treatment in Male Delayed Puberty." 12/01/2015 - "Delayed puberty presenting with low gonadotropins has multiple causes. " 12/01/2012 - "The patient remained free of neurovascular symptoms for 5 years but she presented at the age of 15 years with delayed puberty related to an evolving gonadotropin deficiency. " 12/04/1998 - "Endocrinologic evaluation showed delayed puberty and elevated gonadotropins. " 01/01/1996 - "In our opinion this could be an important screening test to exclude gonadotropin deficiency in boys with delayed puberty."
4.	Growth Hormone (Somatotropin)IBA 06/01/2008 - "Our data do not support the usefulness of growth-hormone therapy in improving adult height in subjects with short stature and delayed puberty, particularly in the female sex." 08/01/2005 - "In 148 boys aged > 14 years seen for height < -2 SDS and constitutional delayed puberty we evaluated growth hormone (GH) secretion and final height (80 boys). " 05/01/2003 - "Pitfall in diagnosing growth hormone deficiency in a hypochondroplastic patient with a delayed puberty." 01/01/1994 - "Our data suggest that growth delay and delayed puberty, in patients with IGHD during concomitant growth hormone therapy, can be treated without deterioration in height prognosis.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)" 01/01/1991 - "Indeed, an association appears to exist between isolated growth hormone deficiency and delayed puberty in both rodents and human subjects, a process reversed by systemic growth hormone replacement therapy. "
5.	HormonesIBA 04/01/2012 - "Since growth of the penis and pubic hair is promoted by the anabolic steroid hormone, no psychosocial problems arose because of delayed puberty. " 01/01/2012 - "The sex hormone findings were attributed to delayed puberty. " 07/01/1999 - "Obese female Zucker rats have several reproductive abnormalities, including delayed puberty, abnormal estrous cyclicity, and behavioral hyporesponsiveness to ovarian steroid hormones. " 05/01/1985 - "The release of chemosignals that delayed puberty of juvenile females was not influenced by ovarian hormones; urine from ovariectomized females was as effective as urine from unoperated animals." 06/01/1982 - "Pituitary gonadotrophin-releasing hormone responsiveness in the prepubertal period: effect of delayed puberty onset."
6.	ProlactinIBA 03/01/1980 - "Twenty-four hour profiles of circulating prolactin have been documented in eight boys with simple delayed puberty, eleven with gynaecomastia, three of whom were retested following its spontaneous resolution, and two normal adult men. " 01/01/1988 - "Furthermore, prolactin levels following MCP were similar in untreated (peak 43 ng/ml, area 416 units) and treated (peak 55 ng/ml, area 545 units, NS) IHH males as well as in boys with constitutional delayed puberty (peak 50 ng/ml, area 532 units, NS). " 04/01/1987 - "The peak elevation of prolactin after TRH in subjects with delayed puberty and healthy controls did not differ from that in patients with IHH. " 04/01/1987 - "The basal value of prolactin in subjects with delayed puberty and healthy controls did not differ from basal values of prolactin in patients with IHH. " 10/31/1984 - "[Prolactin response to TRH in patients with idiopathic delayed puberty]."
7.	Glucose (Dextrose)FDA LinkGeneric 09/01/2014 - "The subjects were three patients who suffered from microcephaly, intellectual disability, short stature, delayed puberty, seizures and disturbed glucose metabolism, mainly hyperinsulinaemic hypoglycaemia. " 01/01/2010 - "Here we discuss two cases of delayed puberty, both in their 20s, who presented with high serum IGF-1 but no clinical or biochemical evidence of hypersomatotropism as confirmed by appropriate GH response to an oral glucose challenge. " 10/01/1997 - "Testosterone treatment in adolescents with delayed puberty: changes in body composition, protein, fat, and glucose metabolism." 09/01/2013 - "Notably, UNG rats did not show signs of delayed puberty but displayed a striking sex dimorphism in serum insulin/glucose levels, regardless of the diet, so that only UNG males had signs of presumable insulin resistance. " 10/01/1997 - "In the present study, the effects of 4 months of testosterone enanthate (50 mg in every 2 weeks) on body composition, protein, fat, and glucose metabolism and insulin sensitivity were evaluated in adolescents with delayed puberty. "
8.	IronIBA 09/01/1990 - "The pituitary-gonadal function was studied in 18 beta-thalassemic female adolescents, 8 with delayed puberty and 10 with primary amenorrhea,treated with repeated transfusions and long-term iron chelation therapy by subcutaneous infusion. " 06/01/1980 - "An adolescent girl with retarded development, delayed puberty, and hypergammaglobulinemia had anemia unresponsive to iron therapy that was cured when a mass of mediastinal giant lymph node hyperplasia was removed surgically. " 08/05/2015 - "The condition presents classically with gastrointestinal signs including diarrhoea, bloating, weight loss and abdominal pain, but presentations can include extra-intestinal symptoms such as iron-deficiency anaemia, faltering growth, delayed puberty and mouth ulcers. " 12/01/2014 - "Celiac disease has protean extra-intestinal manifestations, and an accurate diagnosis should be sought in people suffering from seemingly unrelated complaints, such as fatigue, anorexia, delayed puberty, short stature, decreased bone density, unusual skin rashes, unexplained iron deficiency, and infertility. " 10/01/1989 - "The purpose of iron-chelating treatment is to prevent the development of manifestations of iron overload including cardiac hemosiderosis and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (which are two potentially fatal complications), hepatic cirrhosis, hypoparathyroidism, hypothyroidism, and delayed puberty. "
9.	Estradiol (Estrace)FDA LinkGeneric 09/01/1986 - "Delayed puberty in lambs chronically treated with oestradiol." 06/01/1992 - "Injection of AFP resulted in levels of nuclear-bound estradiol that were less than half those measured in nuclei from AFP-injected animals (P less than 0.001), and AFP delayed puberty. " 05/01/1982 - "The conditions was clinically suspected because of primary amenorrhea in one case and delayed puberty, followed by spaniomenorrhea in the other case, and confirmed by very low plasma estradiol and very high plasma gonadotropin levels. " 11/01/1979 - "The possible mechanisms involved in the development of transient gynaecomastia during male puberty have been investigated by studying 24 h profiles of circulating androstenedione (Ao) and testosterone (T) and their oestrogen pairs oestrone (E1) and oestradiol(E2), in eight boys with simple delayed puberty, eleven boys with pubertal gynaecomastia (three of whom were re-tested after its spontaneous resolution), and two normal adult men. " 10/01/1983 - "The effect of pregnant mare serum gonadotropin (PMSG) or estradiol cyclopentylpropionate (EC) on the induction of estrus, duration of estrus, and serum progesterone concentration after estrus was evaluated in 8 gilts with delayed puberty. "
10.	EstersIBA 10/01/1993 - "Combination of testosterone esters in a given dose and schedule is a safe and effective treatment for prepubertal boys with constitutional delayed puberty." 01/01/1995 - "Treatment of constitutional delayed puberty with a combination of testosterone esters." 10/01/1993 - "Treatment of constitutional delayed puberty with a combination of testosterone esters." 07/01/1991 - "Testosterone esters advance skeletal maturation more than growth in short boys with chronic renal failure and delayed puberty." 01/01/1995 - "Thirteen boys who had constitutional delayed puberty (CDP) were treated with a combination of short- and long-acting testosterone esters (testosterone propionate, testosterone phenylpropionate, testosterone isocaproate). "

Therapies and Procedures

1.	Injections 01/01/2012 - "In 60.7% of the delayed puberty gilts, behavioural estrus was detected an average of 24.7 days following eCG injections. " 10/01/1999 - "Daily injections of porcine ST (pST) delayed puberty and expression of estrus after puberty. " 12/01/1995 - "Because of the ease of administration, rapid reversibility of effects, and lower AUC of serum T levels achieved compared to those of TE injections, SLT may be especially suitable for treatment of boys with delayed puberty and older men with androgen deficiency." 01/01/1989 - "A brief course of testosterone injections is known to be an effective treatment for boys with constitutional delayed puberty. " 01/01/2013 - "However, previous models report decreased bone volume following delayed puberty via GnRH-a injections that may have detrimental effects in the long term."
2.	Orchiectomy (Orchidectomy) 09/01/1994 - "The principal new data presented in our studies are the following: (1) delayed puberty was observed not only in males injected neonatally with GnRH-ANT, but also in those injected with gonadotrophins or with GnRH-ANT and gonadotrophins, (2) the decreased fertility and increased FSH secretion observed in adult males treated neonatally with GnRH-ANT were normalized by simultaneous administration of GnRH-ANT and gonadotrophins, and (3) the increased FSH secretion in adult males treated neonatally with GnRH-ANT remained after EDS or orchidectomy, suggesting that mechanisms other than decreased inhibin secretion were involved in the increased secretion of FSH."
3.	Hormone Replacement Therapy (Therapy, Hormone Replacement) 09/01/2001 - "The role of sex hormone replacement therapy on self-perceived competence in adolescents with delayed puberty." 10/01/1998 - "The effect of sex hormone replacement therapy on behavior problems and moods in adolescents with delayed puberty." 01/01/2004 - "Early recognition and treatment of delayed puberty in adolescents and hypogonadism in adults with hormone replacement therapy is recommended to maintain BMD in patients with CF. " 01/01/2013 - "Untreated hypothyroidism in children usually results in delayed puberty, but juvenile hypothyroidism causes isosexual precocious puberty in a rare syndrome called Van Wyk Grumbach syndrome, with a complete reversal to the pre pubertal state following thyroid hormone replacement therapy. "
4.	Kidney Transplantation 11/01/1988 - "It is likely that long term steroid treatment after renal transplantation induces the clinical and endocrine picture of delayed puberty. " 05/01/1998 - "The urgency and timing of renal transplantation in children must be considered in the context of a number of issues unique to children with CRI and ESRD such as delayed cognitive and educational performance, growth retardation, delayed puberty, etiology of ESRD, and timing of immunizations. " 06/01/1995 - "Renal transplantation is highly successful, but cystine continues to accumulate in other tissues, resulting in complications such as corneal ulcerations and retinal blindness, a distal vacuolar myopathy, delayed puberty, swallowing difficulties, pancreatic deficiency and central nervous system involvement. "
5.	Contraception (Birth Control) 01/01/1991 - "The most important problems or complications are dealing with puberty (early or delayed puberty, acne), growth, sexuality and sexual behavior, contraception, chronic disease and drugs." 01/01/1980 - "Some problems concerning adolescents arising in pediatric practice are reviewed: morphological problems (stature, nutrition, vertebral statics), puberty problems (delayed puberty, acne vulgaris, menstrual disorders, contraception, mammary development), health problems proper (especially epilepsy) and, lastly, problems related to environment: school, family, media. " 09/01/2010 - "Andrology deals with male infertility, erectile dysfunction, loss of libido, ejaculatory disorders, hypogonadism, delayed puberty, male contraception, gynecomastia and aspects of the aging male. "