Prurigo

A name applied to several itchy skin eruptions of unknown cause. The characteristic course is the formation of a dome-shaped papule with a small transient vesicle on top, followed by crusting over or lichenification. (From Dorland, 27th ed)

Networked: 341 relevant articles (41 outcomes, 29 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Disease Context: Research Results

Related Diseases

1.	Pruritus (Itching)
2.	Skin Diseases
3.	Atopic Dermatitis (Atopic Eczema)
4.	Urticaria (Hives)
5.	Lichen Planus (Lichen Ruber Planus)

Experts

1.	Ständer, Sonja: 7 articles (01/2013 - 03/2004)
2.	Luger, Thomas A: 6 articles (01/2013 - 03/2004)
3.	Katayama, Ichiro: 4 articles (06/2015 - 10/2004)
4.	Phan, Ngoc Quan: 4 articles (01/2013 - 06/2010)
5.	Ständer, S: 4 articles (09/2006 - 03/2001)
6.	Hashimoto, Takashi: 3 articles (05/2015 - 01/2013)
7.	Gambichler, Thilo: 3 articles (07/2013 - 04/2005)
8.	Luger, T A: 3 articles (09/2006 - 05/2003)
9.	Metze, D: 3 articles (12/2004 - 03/2000)
10.	Liang, Y: 3 articles (06/2001 - 08/2000)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to Prurigo:

1.	Thalidomide (Thalomid)FDA Link 05/01/1980 - "Why thalidomide is effective for prurigo nodularis is unclear, but possible mechanisms of action are discussed." 04/01/2007 - "In summary, our preliminary results suggest that low-dose thalidomide may be a safe and effective treatment option for patients with recalcitrant idiopathic prurigo nodularis." 05/01/2011 - "Efficacy of thalidomide in the treatment of prurigo nodularis." 07/01/2004 - "To evaluate safety and efficacy of thalidomide in the treatment of prurigo nodularis in a group of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients whose condition was recalcitrant to standard treatment. " 01/01/2011 - "The aim of this study was to describe the use of thalidomide in the treatment of prurigo nodularis Hyde (PNH) refractory to other treatments or in cases where other treatments cannot be used due to side effects. "
2.	Minocycline (Cyclops)FDA LinkGeneric 07/01/2001 - "Vesicular prurigo pigmentosa cured by minocycline." 12/01/2015 - "Oral minocycline is usually the first-line therapy for prurigo pigmentosa. " 07/01/2015 - "We present a 21-year-old Italian girl with an 8-year history of missed diagnosed prurigo pigmentosa (PP) successfully treated with short monotherapy with minocycline. " 12/01/2009 - "Prurigo pigmentosa: a report of two cases that responded to minocycline." 11/01/2006 - "The diagnosis of prurigo pigmentosa was made on the basis of the clinico-histological features and a response to minocycline. "
3.	styrene-methylmethacrylate copolymerIBA 10/09/1963 - "[NEUROHISTOLOGICAL STUDIES IN SUBACUTE PRURIGO SIMPLEX]." 07/01/2014 - "Herein, we described prurigo simplex subacuta in a 4-year-old boy. " 07/01/2014 - "Prurigo simplex subacuta or prurigo simplex acuta?" 11/21/2004 - "According to clinical symptoms the patients suffered from prurigo simplex. " 07/01/1996 - "Bath PUVA is a safe and well-tolerated therapy in the treatment of prurigo simplex subacuta."
4.	pimecrolimus (Elidel)FDA Link 01/01/2013 - "To investigate the efficacy of 1% pimecrolimus cream in comparison to 1% hydrocortisone cream in non-atopic prurigo nodularis (PN). " 01/01/2013 - "Evaluation of the antipruritic effects of topical pimecrolimus in non-atopic prurigo nodularis: results of a randomized, hydrocortisone-controlled, double-blind phase II trial." 06/01/2006 - "Twenty patients were treated with tacrolimus and pimecrolimus in a surveillance study to evaluate efficacy in pruritus and prurigo. " 05/01/2003 - "Other itchy dermatoses such as chronic irritative hand dermatitis, rosacea, graft-versus-host-disease, renal pruritus, lichen sclerosus, prurigo simplex, prurigo nodularis, scrotal eczema, and inverse psoriasis also have been treated successfully with pimecrolimus and tacrolimus. "
5.	Cyclosporine (Ciclosporin)FDA LinkGeneric 11/01/2008 - "Oral cyclosporine ME is an effective therapy for prurigo nodularis of diverse origin. " 11/01/2008 - "In 13 of 14 prurigo patients (92.9 %) there was a significant response to monotherapy with cyclosporine ME. " 11/01/2008 - "14 patients with prurigo nodularis of diverse origin and failure to previous therapy were treated with oral cyclosporine ME (3 to 5 mg per kg daily). " 11/01/2008 - "The aim of this investigation was to assess the antipruritic efficiency of cyclosporine ME in therapy of prurigo nodularis. " 11/01/2008 - "Cyclosporine microemulsion (ME) suppresses the migration and proliferation of inflammatory cells and may thereby interfere with pathogenesis of prurigo nodularis. "
6.	SteroidsIBA 06/01/2014 - "Intractable prurigo nodularis successfully treated with combination therapy with a newly developed excimer laser and topical steroids." 11/01/1983 - "Two patients with prurigo nodularis resistant to most modalities of therapy were treated successfully with the combined use of cryosurgery and intralesional steroids plus lidocaine. " 11/01/1983 - "Treatment of prurigo nodularis: use of cryosurgery and intralesional steroids plus lidocaine." 03/01/2002 - "Our observation suggests that a moderate dose of etretinate is a safe and effective therapy for prurigo chronica multiformis, which is often resistant to conventional treatment using topical steroids and oral antihistamines."
7.	Interferon-gamma (Interferon, gamma)IBA 05/01/1997 - "Subacute and chronic prurigo effectively treated with recombination interferon-gamma: implications for participation of Th2 cells in the pathogenesis of prurigo." 01/21/2001 - "Thirteen Besnier's prurigo patients were treated with interferon alpha therapy, ten with interferon gamma, ten with thymopentin, and the remaining 11 were untreated as the control group. " 01/21/2001 - "With interferon alpha therapy, 11 out of 13 Besnier's prurigo patients with normal IgE and normal blood eosinophil fraction improved significantly, two out of ten improved with interferon gamma therapy, and none improved with thymopentin therapy or in the untreated control group. "
8.	tranilast (N 5')IBA 04/01/2005 - "NB UVB also seems to be effective in patients with polymorphic light eruption (n = 25), early stages of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (n = 108), chronic urticaria (n = 88), lichen planus (n = 15), pruritus associated with polycythemia vera (n = 10), seborrheic dermatitis (n = 18), actinic prurigo (n = 6), and acquired perforating dermatosis (n = 5). " 04/01/2006 - "Uncontrollable prurigo nodularis effectively treated by roxithromycin and tranilast."
9.	Tacrolimus (Prograf)FDA LinkGeneric 09/01/2005 - "Tacrolimus 0.1% ointment represents a therapeutic option for the treatment of prurigo." 09/01/2005 - "We treated 6 women (average age 64 years) with chronic prurigo with tacrolimus 0.1 % ointment (Protopic) to evaluate its efficacy in this clinical setting. " 06/01/2004 - "Nodular prurigo responding to topical tacrolimus." 06/01/2006 - "Twenty patients were treated with tacrolimus and pimecrolimus in a surveillance study to evaluate efficacy in pruritus and prurigo. " 05/01/2003 - "Other itchy dermatoses such as chronic irritative hand dermatitis, rosacea, graft-versus-host-disease, renal pruritus, lichen sclerosus, prurigo simplex, prurigo nodularis, scrotal eczema, and inverse psoriasis also have been treated successfully with pimecrolimus and tacrolimus. "
10.	Immunoglobulin E (IgE)IBA 01/21/2001 - "Eight patients who improved significantly, showed skin lesions of the Besnier's prurigo pattern with normal serum IgE and normal blood eosinophil fraction. " 05/15/2015 - "We demonstrate that repeated intradermal administration of Ag to IgE-transgenic mice causes persistent and pruritic papulonodular skin lesions mimicking prurigo. " 12/01/2015 - "Actinic prurigo, eosinophil, hypersensitivity IV b, IgE, mastocytes." 03/31/1975 - "[Diagnostic value of IgE in atopic dermatitis (Besnier's Prurigo)]." 02/01/1977 - "Four of eight patients with acral dermatitis with elevated IgE blood levels had intraepidermal mast cells; the number was much lower in patients with usual neurodermatitis and prurigo nodularis. "

Therapies and Procedures

1.	Phototherapy (Light Therapy) 10/01/2007 - "NB-UVB phototherapy notably improved the eruption of nodular prurigo in all patients. " 10/01/2007 - "NB-UVB phototherapy appears to be an effective treatment for recalcitrant nodular prurigo, offering long-term benefits in the majority of those treated." 10/01/2007 - "The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of NB-UVB phototherapy on recalcitrant nodular prurigo. " 07/01/2011 - "Successful treatment with narrowband UVB phototherapy in prurigo pigmentosa associated with pregnancy." 07/01/2010 - "Phototherapy of generalized prurigo nodularis."
2.	Photochemotherapy (Photodynamic Therapy) 05/01/1999 - "The clearance of chronic skin lesions refractive to other topical or systemic treatments by PUVA bath photochemotherapy with 8-MOP demonstrates that this therapy can be even superior to other common therapeutic modalities used for subacute prurigo." 05/01/1999 - "The results of this trial show that PUVA bath photochemotherapy with 8-MOP is an effective therapeutic alternative to other known therapies in subacute prurigo. " 05/01/1999 - "[Balneologic photochemotherapy of prurigo simplex subacuta]." 05/01/1999 - "Seventeen patients with extensive subacute prurigo, often resistant to different regimens of prior external and internal therapy, were treated with PUVA bath photochemotherapy (psoralen bath followed by UVA irradiation) using bath water containing 0.5 mg/l of 8-methoxypsoralen (8-MOP). "
3.	Excimer Lasers 01/01/2014 - "308-nm excimer laser has currently a verified efficacy in treating skin conditions such as vitiligo, psoriasis, atopic dermatitis, alopecia areata, allergic rhinitis, folliculitis, granuloma annulare, lichen planus, mycosis fungoides, palmoplantar pustulosis, pityriasis alba, CD30+ lympho proliferative disorder, leukoderma, prurigo nodularis, localized scleroderma and genital lichen sclerosus. " 06/01/2014 - "Intractable prurigo nodularis successfully treated with combination therapy with a newly developed excimer laser and topical steroids." 10/01/2010 - "Excimer laser vs. clobetasol propionate 0·05% ointment in prurigo form of atopic dermatitis: a randomized controlled trial, a pilot."
4.	Cryotherapy (Therapy, Cold) 12/01/1984 - "A 55-year-old black woman with an eight-year history of prurigo nodularis was treated successfully with blistering cryotherapy. " 12/01/1984 - "This case demonstrates that cryotherapy can be a useful therapeutic alternative for prurigo nodularis." 12/01/1984 - "Cryotherapy improves prurigo nodularis." 01/01/1997 - "We describe an elderly woman in whom keratoacanthoma developed from one nodule of prurigo nodularis that had been treated with cryotherapy for 3 months. " 01/01/1997 - "Keratoacanthoma developing in prurigo nodularis treated with cryotherapy."
5.	Lasers (Laser) 10/01/2010 - "As this laser enables high radiant exposure of narrowband UVB and precise targeting of affected skin, it appears to be a promising treatment for the prurigo form of atopic dermatitis (AD). "