Prothrombin (Factor II)

A plasma protein that is the inactive precursor of thrombin. It is converted to thrombin by a prothrombin activator complex consisting of factor Xa, factor V, phospholipid, and calcium ions. Deficiency of prothrombin leads to hypoprothrombinemia.

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Networked: 3772 relevant articles (73 outcomes, 332 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Bio-Agent Context: Research Results

Experts

1.	Akar, Nejat: 16 articles (08/2013 - 05/2003)
2.	De Stefano, Valerio: 15 articles (11/2014 - 05/2002)
3.	De Stefano, V: 14 articles (12/2010 - 01/2000)
4.	Rosendaal, F R: 14 articles (10/2010 - 01/2000)
5.	Mannucci, P M: 13 articles (12/2010 - 09/2000)
6.	Martinelli, Ida: 12 articles (12/2015 - 05/2002)
7.	Rossi, Elena: 12 articles (10/2013 - 05/2002)
8.	Almawi, Wassim Y: 12 articles (08/2013 - 10/2002)
9.	Mannucci, Pier Mannuccio: 11 articles (12/2015 - 02/2002)
10.	Glueck, Charles J: 11 articles (12/2015 - 06/2002)

Related Diseases

1.	Hemorrhage 01/01/2015 - "Twenty-four patients with acute bleeding episodes were treated with prothrombin complex concentrate (PCC) at a relative low dose of 30 to -50 U/kg/d and achieved good outcomes without any adverse reaction. " 01/01/2009 - "In bleeding patients, the improvement in coagulation after prothrombin complex concentrate administration was judged to be clinically significant." 01/01/2003 - "He had been managed during his bleeding episodes with prothrombin complex factor concentrates, which became less effective in controlling his bleeding. " 12/01/2013 - "The objective of the present study was to investigate the efficacy of a four-factor prothrombin complex concentrate (Prothromplex, PTX) in shortening prolonged international normalized ratio or controlling life-threatening bleeding. " 09/01/2014 - "[Safety and efficacy of a prothrombin complex concentrate in patients with coagulopathy and hemorrhage]."
2.	Hemophilia A (Haemophilia) 04/01/2012 - "We report here the case of a boy with hemophilia A and high titers of inhibitors who responded well to prophylactic activated prothrombin complex concentrate (APCC) treatment. " 01/01/1950 - "Studies on serum prothrombin in hemophilia." 12/01/2012 - "Contact-inhibited plasmas from six healthy volunteers, one mild haemophilia A patient, and five patients with heterozygous prothrombin G20210 mutation were assayed. " 10/01/2012 - "Acquired hemophilia successfully treated with activated prothrombin complex concentrate and immunosuppressant combination: a case report." 04/01/2012 - "Cost effectiveness of prophylactic treatment with activated prothrombin complex concentrate in a patient with inhibitor-positive hemophilia A."
3.	Thrombosis (Thrombus) 05/01/2000 - "Additionally, a bivariate linkage analysis of plasma prothrombin activity and thrombosis significantly improved the linkage signal for prothrombin activity (lod score = 4.7; P = 1.5 x 10(-6)) and provided strong evidence that this QTL has a pleiotropic effect on the risk of thrombosis (lod score = 2.43; P =.0004). " 08/01/2013 - "The objectives of this study were to determine the pathological role of elevated prothrombin in venous and arterial thrombosis in vivo, and distinguish thrombogenic mechanisms in these vessels. " 03/01/2013 - "27 previous studies analyzed the association of BD and thrombosis with the FVL, prothrombin and MTHFR polymorphisms. " 04/01/2006 - "When studies from Turkey were excluded from the meta-analysis, only the prothrombin G20210A mutation was associated with thrombosis." 01/01/2006 - "Mutation screening studies related with thrombosis revealed that prothrombin 20210A allele of the prothrombin gene leads to an increase in plasma prothrombin levels. "
4.	Liver Diseases (Liver Disease) 06/01/1969 - "[Triple biological test in the diagnosis of certain liver diseases (combined study of prothrombin, fibrinolytic and alexic studies)]." 07/01/2012 - "Prothrombin index slope is an early prognostic marker in patients with severe acute liver diseases." 10/01/2008 - "We conclude that serum Se levels are low in alcoholics; these low values depend more heavily on impaired nutrition but also on liver dysfunction; although low Se levels were associated with a higher mortality, prothrombin activity displaced serum Se when survival was assessed using Cox's regression model." 12/01/2007 - "Therapy with prothrombin-complex concentrate is seldom pursued in patients with liver disease due to high risk of thrombotic complications. " 07/01/2007 - "Postoperative liver dysfunction was defined as an international prothrombin ratio of > or = 1.5. "
5.	Hypoprothrombinemias (Prothrombin Deficiency) 05/01/1994 - "The hypoprothrombinemia in this syndrome is the result of rapid clearance of prothrombin-antiprothrombin antibody complexes by the reticulo-endothelial system. " 01/15/1990 - "The prothrombin survival time indicates that the hypoprothrombinemia is due to the clearance of the prothrombin-antiprothrombin complex in vivo." 12/01/2000 - "In this study, 13 patients with prothrombin deficiency were screened for the presence of alterations in the prothrombin gene, and nine novel candidate mutations were identified. " 11/01/1947 - "Clinical hypoprothrombinemia; a study of factors A and B of prothrombin." 09/01/2013 - "Two novel mutations in the prothrombin gene identified in a patient with compound heterozygous type 1/2 prothrombin deficiency."

Related Drugs and Biologics

1.	factor V Leiden
2.	recombinant FVIIa (rFVIIa)
3.	Bilirubin
4.	Factor V (Coagulation Factor V)
5.	Factor VIII (Coagulation Factor VIII)
6.	Factor VIIa (Activated Factor VII)
7.	Fibrinogen (Factor I)
8.	Thromboplastin (Tissue Factor)
9.	Serum Albumin
10.	Thrombin

Related Therapies and Procedures

1.	Aftercare (After-Treatment)
2.	Blood Transfusion (Blood Transfusions)
3.	Liver Transplantation
4.	Minor Surgical Procedures (Minor Surgery)
5.	Drug Therapy (Chemotherapy)