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Prostatic Neoplasms (Prostate Cancer)

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Tumors or cancer of the PROSTATE.

Also Known As:

Prostate Cancer; Cancer of the Prostate; Neoplasms, Prostate; Neoplasms, Prostatic; Prostate Neoplasms; Prostatic Cancer; Cancer, Prostate; Cancer, Prostatic; Cancers, Prostate; Cancers, Prostatic; Neoplasm, Prostate; Neoplasm, Prostatic; Prostate Cancers; Prostate Neoplasm; Prostatic Cancers; Prostatic Neoplasm; Cancer of Prostate

Networked: 51887 relevant articles (3001 outcomes, 10603 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Disease Context: Research Results

Related Diseases

1.	Neoplasms (Cancer)
2.	Neoplasm Metastasis (Metastasis)
3.	Pain (Aches)
4.	Breast Neoplasms (Breast Cancer)
5.	Prostatic Hyperplasia (Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia)

Experts

1.	Montorsi, Francesco: 191 articles (12/2015 - 02/2004)
2.	Thompson, Ian M: 175 articles (12/2015 - 09/2002)
3.	Saad, Fred: 167 articles (12/2015 - 01/2002)
4.	Graefen, Markus: 162 articles (01/2016 - 02/2002)
5.	Scardino, Peter T: 159 articles (08/2015 - 02/2002)
6.	Briganti, Alberto: 157 articles (12/2015 - 02/2004)
7.	Scher, Howard I: 153 articles (12/2015 - 01/2002)
8.	Freedland, Stephen J: 152 articles (12/2015 - 04/2003)
9.	Partin, Alan W: 151 articles (02/2016 - 01/2002)
10.	Kantoff, Philip W: 148 articles (12/2015 - 01/2002)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to Prostatic Neoplasms:

1.	HormonesIBA 07/01/2008 - "Our understanding of the biology of hormone refractory prostate cancer has improved dramatically over the past few years and has translated into the developments of new therapeutic targets for this disease. " 10/15/2006 - "Despite the initial efficacy of androgen deprivation therapy, most patients with advanced prostate cancer eventually progress to hormone-refractory prostate cancer, for which there is no curative therapy. " 08/01/2006 - "There is no effective cure for late-stage hormone (androgen) refractory prostate cancer. " 12/01/1984 - "In some clinical trials the use of criteria of stable response of hormone-escaped prostate cancer is justified on the ground that it delineates patients with markedly improved survival, similar to that of partial regression patients. " 05/15/2009 - "Therefore, we hypothesized that survivin may play a potentially important role in hormone-refractory prostate cancer (HRPC) and bone metastatic disease; thus, targeting of survivin signaling could enhance therapeutic efficacy in prostate cancer. "
2.	docetaxel (Taxotere)FDA Link 03/01/2014 - "Our findings, obtained with a highly clinically relevant prostate cancer model, suggest, for the first time, that docetaxel-based therapy of advanced human prostate cancer may be improved by combining docetaxel with Aneustat." 03/19/2013 - "Marked improvement of cytotoxic effects induced by docetaxel on highly metastatic and androgen-independent prostate cancer cells by downregulating macrophage inhibitory cytokine-1." 09/15/2010 - "Docetaxel is one of the few chemotherapeutic drugs that are considered highly effective when used to treat prostate cancer patients that have relapsed and/or metastatic disease, it is therefore reasonable to expect further improvements in treatment outcomes when it is combined with other therapeutic agents active in prostate cancer. " 11/01/2014 - "Although docetaxel is still considered a mainstay of treatment in metastatic castrate-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC), in the last few years, new agents have been developed to improve survival in this setting and reach a possible optimal personalized treatment strategy. " 12/01/2009 - "The finding of improved overall survival has significant implications since no therapy to date, except for docetaxel-based regimens, has been shown to improve overall survival in metastatic prostate cancer. "
3.	Prostate-Specific Antigen (Semenogelase)IBA 05/01/2012 - "The introduction of serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) in the 1980s has dramatically altered and benefited the initial diagnosis of prostate cancer. " 02/01/2009 - "Although prostate-specific antigen (PSA) is the best biomarker for predicting prostate cancer, its predictive performance needs to be improved. " 02/01/2008 - "The prostate-specific antigen value and the percent positive biopsy cores can be helpful in identifying men with high-grade prostate cancer most likely to benefit from RP. " 01/01/2004 - "The use of total prostate-specific antigen (tPSA) measurement has dramatically improved the ability to detect prostate cancer at earlier stages. " 01/01/2001 - "Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) has been extremely helpful in the detection of new or recurrent prostate cancer. "
4.	Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone (GnRH)FDA Link 07/01/2004 - "The diagnosis and treatment of prostate cancer have been dramatically improved due to the development of PSA screening, transrectal ultrasonography and new anti-androgen drugs, such as LH-RH analog, with fewer side effects. " 11/01/2010 - "In patients with prostate cancer with high metastatic risk, immediate androgen suppression with an LHRH agonist given during and for 3 years after external irradiation improves 10-year disease-free and overall survival without increasing late cardiovascular toxicity." 06/01/2009 - "LHRH antagonists vs LHRH agonists: which is more beneficial in prostate cancer therapy?" 05/01/1987 - "In view of their effectiveness and good tolerance, LHRH agonists are useful in the management of advanced prostatic cancer, either as initial therapy or to replace a poorly tolerated oestrogen therapy. " 07/13/2002 - "Immediate androgen suppression with an LHRH analogue given during and for 3 years after external irradiation improves disease-free and overall survival of patients with locally advanced prostate cancer."
5.	Androgen Receptors (Androgen Receptor)IBA 09/29/2015 - "In the TRAMP transgenic model of spontaneous prostate cancer, MVA-TWIST/TRICOM alone significantly improved survival, and when combined with the androgen receptor antagonist enzalutamide, the vaccine further improved survival. " 07/01/2012 - "Castrate resistant prostate cancer is a disease state which, counterintuitively, can be successfully treated with additional therapy directed at inhibition of androgen synthesis and/or interfering with the activity of the androgen receptor. " 07/01/2006 - "Based on our in vivo model, androgen is beneficial for the treatment of androgen-independent androgen receptor-rich prostate cancer and modulation of LXR signaling may be a potentially useful therapy for prostate cancer." 01/01/1996 - "The observation, therefore, that antiandrogen withdrawal can be beneficial for some prostate cancer patients, might be understood in the light of an altered ligand responsiveness of mutant androgen receptors." 04/15/2007 - "In vitro studies were done on a panel of prostate cancer cell lines to understand the molecular basis of combination therapy, and we found that the combination was more effective in the inhibition of cell viability and induction of apoptosis in LNCaP and C4-2b cells (androgen receptor positive) but not in PC-3 cells. "
6.	Biological Markers (Surrogate Marker)IBA 12/01/2014 - "Prostate cancer is significantly heterogeneous between individuals and useful biomarkers for deciding the best treatment are unavailable yet. " 09/15/2014 - "Successful therapy of patients with prostate cancer is highly dependent on reliable diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers. " 01/01/2012 - "Identification of new, improved prognostic and diagnostic biomarkers for prostate cancer and the finding of better treatment strategies for metastatic prostate cancer is therefore highly warranted. " 04/01/2014 - "A major focus in urologic research is the identification of new biomarkers with improved specificity for clinically-significant prostate cancer. " 01/01/2014 - "The metabolomic analysis of metabolites, detected by high-resolution NMR, may help to identify metabolites which could serve as useful biomarkers for prostate cancer detection. "
7.	Testosterone (Sustanon)FDA Link 04/21/2015 - "(P055) can high-grade prostate cancer (Gleason 8-10) be cured with definitive local therapy without testosterone suppression? " 03/01/2009 - "Furthermore, it has been advocated that, under a rigorous surveillance, patients cured of prostate cancer can be treated with testosterone supplementation with beneficial results." 01/01/2003 - "Long-term use of these patches over the last 3 to 10 years has been effective in maintaining sexual function and bone and muscle mass, and from short-term studies it does not appear that testosterone treatment puts men at risk for the development of prostate cancer. " 11/01/2015 - "Testosterone therapy may be an effective treatment for loss of desire in both men and women, and is safe in the treatment of men who have been treated for prostate cancer. " 08/01/2011 - "For patients who still have prostate cancer which has not yet been treated or not yet cured decisions on whether the benefit of the testosterone replacement is greater than the potential risk of a progress of the disease have to be made on an individual case-specific basis."
8.	zoledronic acid (zoledronate)FDA Link 05/01/2012 - "Zoledronic acid was found to be cost effective in all European countries across all three indications but not in the sole global prostate cancer analysis. " 01/01/2010 - "Zoledronic acid treatment promoted effective osseous protection against the natural demineralization process in patients with prostate cancer recurrence submitted to ADT." 11/01/2009 - "Zoledronic acid improved bone mineral density in patients with M0 prostate cancer on androgen deprivation therapy for 1 year or less, or greater than 1 year. " 03/01/2007 - "Zoledronic acid (4 mg intravenously every 3 months) was safe and effective in preventing bone loss and reducing bone turnover in patients with prostate cancer when initiated during the first year of androgen deprivation therapy; patients with low baseline BMD experienced the greatest benefit." 10/01/2002 - "The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of zoledronate in limiting the formation and/or progression of osteoblastic lesions produced by the injection of known prostate cancer cells (LAPC-9 and PC-3 cells) into the tibia of SCID mice. "
9.	abirateroneIBA 01/01/2014 - "Newly approved chemotherapeutic agents such as Abiraterone (an oral selective inhibitor of CYP17A), which blocks androgen biosynthesis both within and outside the prostate cancer cells), and enzalutamide (blocks AR signaling) have improved overall survival. " 06/01/2014 - "The orally-active CYP17A1 inhibitor abiraterone acetate (AA) decreases adrenal and intratumoral androgen biosynthesis and is an effective agent for the treatment of prostate cancer. " 07/01/2014 - "New drugs that inhibit the steroidogenic enzyme CYP17A1 (abiraterone acetate) or diminish nuclear translocation of the AR (enzalutamide) have been shown to improve patients' survival in prostate cancer. " 12/15/2015 - "In vitro proliferation studies demonstrated single-agent doses between 2 μmol/L and 10 μmol/L for abiraterone and cabozantinib inhibit prostate cancer cell proliferation in a dose-dependent manner, and the anticancer activity of abiraterone is enhanced when combined with cabozantinib. " 07/01/2015 - "Prospective, non-interventional trial on the influence of adherence to abiraterone treatment in patients with metastatic, castrate-resistant prostate cancer (IMPACT) - trial AP 76/13 of the AUO]."
10.	Estramustine FDA Link 01/01/1996 - "With now over 10 years mean follow-up for this series of patients, we conclude that adjuvant estramustine is beneficial for prostate cancer patients receiving definitive irradiation. " 02/01/1993 - "Adjuvant estramustine phosphate was beneficial in patients with prostate cancer and pelvic node involvement who received irradiation as definitive treatment." 03/01/1984 - "Estracyt Research Group in Japan concluded that Estracyt was effective in 38% of reactivated prostatic cancer patients (15% (I-C, I-B), 23% (I-A, O-B, O-C]. " 05/01/1988 - "[Stage D1 prostatic cancer benefited by a single regimen of Estracyt]." 01/31/1982 - "[Total remission of prostatic cancer following treatment with Estracyt]."

Therapies and Procedures

1.	Castration 08/01/2015 - "The successful registration of several drugs for castration-resistant prostate cancer and the recent studies of chemo-hormonal therapy in men with castration-naïve prostate cancer have led to considerable uncertainty as to the best treatment choices, sequence of treatment options and appropriate patient selection. " 11/01/2014 - "Enzalutamide in chemo-naïve castration-resistant prostate cancer: effective for most but not for all." 06/01/2014 - "Prostate cancers at the late stage of castration resistance are not responding well to most of current therapies available in clinic, reflecting a desperate need of novel treatment for this life-threatening disease. " 03/01/2014 - "However, patients often relapse after the primary response to androgen ablation therapy, and there is no effective cure for cases of castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). " 01/21/2014 - "We investigated the effects of the latest series of improved, highly potent GHRH antagonists--MIA-602, MIA-606, and MIA-690--on the growth of androgen-dependent as well as castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) cells in vitro and in vivo. "
2.	Prostatectomy (Retropubic Prostatectomy) 01/01/2015 - "Radical prostatectomy is the most common and effective treatment for localized prostate cancer. " 12/01/2013 - "Most men treated with radical prostatectomy or radiation therapy for localized prostate cancer will be cured of prostate cancer; however, some men will experience treatment failure. " 06/18/2013 - "Radical prostatectomy is one of the most effective treatments for men with clinically localized prostate cancer. " 06/01/2013 - "The "gold standard" open radical prostatectomy (ORP) has been replaced largely by the robotic-assisted laparoscopic radical retropubic prostatectomy (RALP) as the most common surgical approach to treat localized prostate cancer. " 01/01/2013 - "For most patients with localized prostate cancer, radical prostatectomy is the best treatment option."
3.	Radiotherapy 05/01/2011 - "In this study we assessed the feasibility and efficacy of a highly accelerated and hypofractionated scheme of radiotherapy (HypoARC), for the treatment of localized low risk prostate cancer. " 05/01/1998 - "Although our overall results after external beam radiotherapy for early-stage prostate cancer patients are less favorable than the best results published for 125I implantation monotherapy, our results are comparable to those in most other studies with implantation monotherapy. " 09/01/2015 - "Does Radiotherapy Plus Androgen-Deprivation Therapy Represent the Best Treatment Approach in Elderly Patients With Locally Advanced Prostate Cancer?" 01/01/2011 - "The best management of localized and locally advanced prostate cancer remains controversial, but there are clinical evidences that for patients considered of unfavorable outcome that dose escalation radiotherapy has a significantly better outcome. " 07/01/2008 - "Although there is no consensus on which is the best option in prostate cancer treatment, these patients could be successfully treated with radiotherapy. "
4.	Drug Therapy (Chemotherapy) 08/10/2014 - "Chemotherapy is one of the most widely used approaches in combating advanced prostate cancer, but its therapeutic efficacy is usually insufficient due to poor specificity and associated toxicity. " 08/01/2004 - "Androgen ablation and chemotherapy provide effective palliation for most patients with advanced prostate cancer, but eventually progressing androgen-independent prostate cancer threatens the lives of patients usually within a few years, mandating improvement in therapy. " 05/01/2015 - "Due to the fact that conventional chemotherapy is not adequately effective against prostate cancer and has severe side effects, numerous in vitro studies have been conducted in order to identify the potent cytotoxic or chemopreventive activity of naturally occurring compounds and their respective molecular mechanisms of action. " 11/01/2007 - "Vinexinbeta plays an important role in PC-3 cell growth, and abrogation of vinexinbeta may be effective for therapeutic cell death and enhanced chemotherapy sensitization in androgen-independent prostate cancer cells." 06/01/2002 - "While chemotherapy has proven efficacy when the disease progresses to androgen-independent prostate cancer, patients ultimately succumb to the disease, thus the identification of other active therapies is needed. "
5.	Brachytherapy 11/01/2013 - "Low-dose-rate brachytherapy using iodine-125 seeds is a highly efficacious treatment for low-risk prostate cancer. " 10/01/2010 - "Dose escalation of IMRT by adding HDR brachytherapy provided improved PRFS in the treatment of prostate cancer compared with ultra-high-dose IMRT, independent of risk group on multivariate analysis, with the most significant benefit for intermediate-risk patients." 04/01/2006 - "Permanent prostate brachytherapy with or without supplemental therapies is a highly effective treatment for clinically localized prostate cancer, with biochemical outcomes and morbidity profiles comparing favorably with competing local modalities. " 07/01/2010 - "The excellent long-term results and low morbidity, and the many advantages of prostate brachytherapy over other treatments, show that brachytherapy is an effective treatment for clinically organ-confined prostate cancer." 08/01/2009 - "Excellent results from high dose rate brachytherapy and external beam for prostate cancer are not improved by androgen deprivation."