Propanil

03/15/1990 - "Methemoglobinemia produced by exposure to the herbicide propanil (3,4-dichloropropionanilide) is thought to be mediated by toxic metabolites formed during the hepatic clearance of the parent compound. "
08/01/2008 - "The reported toxicities for propanil exposure include methemoglobinemia, immunotoxicity, and nephrotoxicity. "
08/01/1991 - "The arylamide propanil (3,4-dichloropropionanilide), a herbicide used extensively in rice fields, is also thought to induce methemoglobinemia through the action of metabolites. "
09/15/1990 - "Propanil-induced methemoglobinemia and hemoglobin binding in the rat."
03/15/1990 - "We examined the metabolism of propanil and 3,4-dichloroaniline in rat liver microsomes to identify metabolites that may be involved in propanil-induced methemoglobinemia. "

05/01/1989 - "Contact hypersensitivity response (CHR), blastogenic response to T- and B-cell-specific mitogens, and mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR) were significantly depressed only in propanil-treated animals at 400 mg/kg. However, the number of splenic antibody-producing cells was also significantly depressed in a dose-dependent manner at the lower doses of 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg. In addition, a significant reduction in the thymus weight and an increase in absolute and relative spleen weight were also measured in animals treated with 200 and 400 mg/kg. The increase in spleen weight also showed a concomitant rise in spleen cellularity. "

01/01/2009 - "The objective of this study is to describe the clinical outcomes and kinetics of propanil following acute intentional self-poisoning. "
01/01/2014 - "We describe a case of severe Propanil poisoning, successfully treated by exchange transfusion at a tertiary care hospital in Sri Lanka. "
01/01/2014 - "Propanil is an important cause of herbicide poisoning in Sri Lanka, accounting for about 2% of all cases of self-poisoning. "
01/01/2014 - "Exchange transfusion can be life-saving in severe propanil poisoning: a case report."
01/01/2009 - "More research is required into the optimal management of acute propanil poisoning."

01/15/1999 - "In the present study, we investigated the effect of propanil on IL-2 expression and production in the murine lymphoma T cell line, EL-4. "

07/28/2000 - "Studies to determine resistance to infection by the intracellular bacterium Listeria monocytogenes after exposure to propanil were also conducted. "
07/28/2000 - "Initial resistance to the infection was not affected by exposure to propanil. "
07/28/2000 - "These results demonstrate that in vivo exposure to propanil during a bacterial infection suppresses the subsequent in vitro production of cytokines but that the endogenous levels are not affected during the initial stages of infection."