Preleukemia

Conditions in which the abnormalities in the peripheral blood or bone marrow represent the early manifestations of acute leukemia, but in which the changes are not of sufficient magnitude or specificity to permit a diagnosis of acute leukemia by the usual clinical criteria.

Also Known As:

Networked: 96 relevant articles (7 outcomes, 12 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Disease Context: Research Results

Related Diseases

1.	Leukemia
2.	Chromosome Aberrations (Chromosome Abnormalities)
3.	Acute Myeloid Leukemia (Acute Myelogenous Leukemia)
4.	Trisomy (Trisomies)
5.	Monosomy

Experts

1.	Powell, R J: 1 article (10/2015)
2.	Helwani, F M: 1 article (10/2015)
3.	Barbier, V: 1 article (10/2015)
4.	Levesque, J P: 1 article (10/2015)
5.	Pattabiraman, D: 1 article (10/2015)
6.	Winkler, I G: 1 article (10/2015)
7.	Nowlan, B: 1 article (10/2015)
8.	Lewis, I D: 1 article (10/2015)
9.	Zannettino, A C W: 1 article (10/2015)
10.	Brown, A L: 1 article (10/2015)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to Preleukemia:

1.	Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor (GM-CSF)IBA 10/01/1989 - "A complete hematologic remission was achieved in a patient with therapy-related preleukemia and transfusion-dependent pancytopenia after treatment with recombinant human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF). " 07/01/1990 - "Based on pre-clinical and in vitro studies demonstrating enhanced granulocytic proliferation and differentiation induced by granulocyte-monocyte and granulocyte-colony stimulating factors (GM-CSF and G-CSF), these recombinant human hormones have been used to treat cytopenic patients with preleukemia [i.e., myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS)]. "
2.	Messenger RNA (mRNA)IBA 11/01/2001 - "In this study, TfR2 mRNA expression was analyzed in hematological cell lines, normal erythroid cells at various stages of differentiation, and leukemia and preleukemia cells. " 10/01/1983 - "A somatic mutation(s), acquired during the evolution of preleukemia in a 75-year-old Caucasian male of North European origin, resulted in a marked decrease in alpha-globin mRNA. "
3.	Peroxidase (Myeloperoxidase)IBA 07/01/1983 - "Partial myeloperoxidase deficiency in preleukemia." 01/01/1985 - "The diagnosis was confirmed by platelet peroxidase reaction and immunofluorescent staining with anti-factor VIII. Serial cytogenetic studies using banding techniques at various stages during the course of the disease (preleukemia, leukemia, remission, and relapse) showed several chromosomal abnormalities (unbalanced translocation between chromosomes 1 and 4 leading to trisomy 1q, trisomy 7q, monosomy 7p, and a reciprocal translocation between chromosomes 10 and 16). "
4.	Factor VIII (Coagulation Factor VIII)IBA 01/01/1985 - "The diagnosis was confirmed by platelet peroxidase reaction and immunofluorescent staining with anti-factor VIII. Serial cytogenetic studies using banding techniques at various stages during the course of the disease (preleukemia, leukemia, remission, and relapse) showed several chromosomal abnormalities (unbalanced translocation between chromosomes 1 and 4 leading to trisomy 1q, trisomy 7q, monosomy 7p, and a reciprocal translocation between chromosomes 10 and 16). "
5.	AntibodiesIBA 01/01/1982 - "The presence of high-titer antibodies is associated with remission of acute myeloid leukemia and longer survival of patients with preleukemia." 01/01/1982 - "Studies on antibodies reactive with glycoproteins of primate type C viruses in patients with myeloid leukemias and with potential preleukemia."
6.	trisomy 7q Chromosome 7IBA 01/01/1985 - "The diagnosis was confirmed by platelet peroxidase reaction and immunofluorescent staining with anti-factor VIII. Serial cytogenetic studies using banding techniques at various stages during the course of the disease (preleukemia, leukemia, remission, and relapse) showed several chromosomal abnormalities (unbalanced translocation between chromosomes 1 and 4 leading to trisomy 1q, trisomy 7q, monosomy 7p, and a reciprocal translocation between chromosomes 10 and 16). "
7.	alpha-GlobinsIBA 04/01/1987 - "The loss of alpha-globin gene transcriptional activity rarely occurs as an acquired abnormality during the evolution of myeloproliferative disease or preleukemia. " 10/01/1983 - "Acquired alpha-thalassemia in preleukemia is due to decreased expression of all four alpha-globin genes." 10/01/1983 - "A somatic mutation(s), acquired during the evolution of preleukemia in a 75-year-old Caucasian male of North European origin, resulted in a marked decrease in alpha-globin mRNA. " 08/01/1983 - "The presence of hemoglobin H (beta 4), resulting from a deficiency of alpha-globin chain synthesis, was observed as an acquired characteristic in the red cells of five elderly patients with myeloproliferative disorders or preleukemia. " 04/01/1987 - "These data showed that factor(s) in the mouse erythroleukemia cell can genetically complement the alpha-globin gene defect in these preleukemia patients with acquired hemoglobin H disease and suggest that altered expression of a gene in trans to the alpha-globin gene may be responsible for the acquisition of hemoglobin H disease in these patients."
8.	DAT protocol 1 (DAT I)IBA 06/01/1985 - "102 patients with AML (leukemia after preleukemia, 2nd neoplasia included) were treated for remission induction by a modified TAD regimen in Munster; 55 patients (54%) achieved a complete remission (CR). "
9.	hydroxide ionIBA 07/01/1987 - "10 patients with CLL and 2 with CML were treated with gradually increasing doses of 1 alpha(OH)D3, up to 4 micrograms daily during 6 wk. 3 patients with preleukemia and 1 with myelofibrosis were treated with 2 micrograms daily of 1 alpha(OH)D3 for a prolonged period up to 17 wk. The treatment with 1 alpha (OH)D3 did not result in changes of disease parameters in any of the patients under study. " 12/01/1985 - "We gave 2 microgram/day of 1,25(OH)2D3 to 18 patients with myelodysplastic syndrome (preleukemia) in an attempt to improve their hematopoiesis. " 12/01/1985 - "Taken together, the study shows that high concentrations (10-6M) of 1,25(OH)2D3 can induce differentiation of leukemia blast cells in vitro, but the administration of 1,25(OH)2D3 to patients with the myelodysplastic syndromes (preleukemia) does not have an enduring therapeutic effect. " 12/01/1985 - "We investigated the ability of 1,25(OH)2D3 both to induce in vitro the differentiation of blast cells taken from patients with acute myelogenous leukemia and to improve hematopoiesis in vivo in patients with the myelodysplastic syndromes (preleukemia). " 07/01/1989 - "These novel vitamin D compounds may be superior to 1,25(OH)2D3 in a number of clinical situations including leukemia/preleukemia; they will provide a tool to dissect the mechanism of action of vitamin D seco-steroids in promoting cellular differentiation."
10.	monosomy Chromosome 7IBA 12/15/1986 - "The only single karyotypic alteration perhaps associated with a markedly shortened survival was monosomy 7. These findings suggest that the conclusions of previous studies concerning the grave consequences of chromosome alterations in preleukemia largely reflect the clinical significance of clones with multiple cytogenetic changes. " 01/01/1985 - "Over a 12-month course, his marrow demonstrated: decreased colony formation and increased cluster formation in vitro with disease progression (consistent with preleukemia); persistence of only the monosomy 7 karyotype in direct marrow studies; and in contrast, proliferation of both 46,XY and monosomy 7 cells in in vitro marrow cultures. " 11/15/1994 - "We studied 71 children, including 28 with bone marrow monosomy 7 syndrome (Mo7), 35with juvenile chronic myelogenous leukemia (JCML), three with other forms of preleukemia, and five with acute myelogenous leukemia (AML), for activating mutations of KRAS and NRAS. "

Therapies and Procedures

1.	Remission Induction 06/01/1984 - "One patient had erythroleukemia, two cases were heralded by preleukemia with chromosomal abnormalities, one involving the chromosomes 5 and 7. PB is effective in PV; however, despite an easy induction of remission, continuous low-dose maintenance is necessary and the risk of subsequent acute leukemia is still significant." 06/01/1985 - "102 patients with AML (leukemia after preleukemia, 2nd neoplasia included) were treated for remission induction by a modified TAD regimen in Munster; 55 patients (54%) achieved a complete remission (CR). "
2.	Transplantation (Transplant Recipients) 06/01/1986 - "These data show that marrow transplantation can provide successful therapy for preleukemia." 05/01/1984 - "This experience also emphasizes the importance of performing chromosome studies before transplantation for pancytopenic states in order to identify cases of preleukemia." 03/01/1988 - "Successful transplantation of Friend virus-induced preleukemia into stem cell-deficient fetal mice." 06/01/1986 - "Marrow transplantation in preleukemia." 05/01/1984 - "Allogeneic marrow transplantation in the treatment of preleukemia."
3.	Aftercare (After-Treatment) 10/14/1982 - "Incidence of acute nonlymphocytic leukemia, preleukemia, and acute myeloproliferative syndrome up to 10 years after treatment of Hodgkin's disease." 10/01/1989 - "A complete hematologic remission was achieved in a patient with therapy-related preleukemia and transfusion-dependent pancytopenia after treatment with recombinant human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF). "
4.	Drug Therapy (Chemotherapy) 04/01/1989 - "[Relation of karyotypic findings to chemotherapy response in patients with preleukemia]." 06/01/1983 - "In the light of the very poor results obtained with conventional chemotherapy regimens once the leukemic phase is established, we suggest that bone marrow transplantation, if undertaken before leukemic conversion, may be the treatment of choice in young adults with therapy-related preleukemia." 06/01/1983 - "A 22-yr-old man with therapy-related preleukemia following treatment of Hodgkin's disease received as primary treatment ablative chemotherapy followed by marrow transplantation from his histocompatible sister. " 10/01/1991 - "[Preleukemia myelodysplastic syndrome after chemotherapy for multiple myeloma: "a new case"]." 12/01/1985 - "Acute nonlymphocytic leukemia, preleukemia, and solid tumors following intensive chemotherapy of small cell carcinoma of the lung."
5.	Bone Marrow Transplantation (Transplantation, Bone Marrow) 03/31/1983 - "Bone-marrow transplantation in therapy-related preleukemia." 02/19/1979 - "A case of preleukemia--reconstitution of normal marrow function after bone marrow transplantation (BMT) from identical twin." 06/01/1983 - "In the light of the very poor results obtained with conventional chemotherapy regimens once the leukemic phase is established, we suggest that bone marrow transplantation, if undertaken before leukemic conversion, may be the treatment of choice in young adults with therapy-related preleukemia."