Prekallikrein

A plasma protein which is the precursor of kallikrein. Plasma that is deficient in prekallikrein has been found to be abnormal in thromboplastin formation, kinin generation, evolution of a permeability globulin, and plasmin formation. The absence of prekallikrein in plasma leads to Fletcher factor deficiency, a congenital disease.

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Networked: 287 relevant articles (1 outcomes, 20 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Bio-Agent Context: Research Results

Experts

1.	Schmaier, Alvin H: 4 articles (01/2015 - 05/2003)
2.	Aiello, Lloyd Paul: 2 articles (10/2015 - 02/2007)
3.	Feener, Edward P: 2 articles (10/2015 - 02/2007)
4.	Girolami, Antonio: 2 articles (07/2015 - 12/2010)
5.	Rosendaal, F R: 2 articles (05/2014 - 11/2009)
6.	Joseph, Kusumam: 2 articles (08/2013 - 09/2008)
7.	Kaplan, Allen P: 2 articles (08/2013 - 09/2008)
8.	Gailani, David: 2 articles (05/2012 - 11/2011)
9.	Candeo, N: 2 articles (01/2011 - 01/2010)
10.	Girolami, A: 2 articles (01/2011 - 01/2010)

Related Diseases

1.	Liver Diseases (Liver Disease) 11/01/1995 - "The aim of our study was to evaluate a plasma prekallikrein as the marker reflecting liver protein synthesis in patients with chronic liver diseases. " 11/01/1995 - "[Plasma prekallikrein in chronic liver diseases]." 01/01/1990 - "Longitudinal studies of prekallikrein activity in different subgroups of patients with chronic and acute liver disease are recommended." 02/23/1981 - "In the more severe forms of liver disease the time necessary to activate prekallikrein is increased." 02/23/1981 - "The activation of prekallikrein was slower in the more severe forms of liver disease. "
2.	Fibrosis (Cirrhosis) 01/01/1990 - "In conclusion, plasma prekallikrein seems to indicate whether death is imminent in patients with liver insufficiency due to cirrhosis. " 02/23/1981 - "To study the last possiblity prekallikrein, endotoxins and Normotest were determined in 18 cirrhosis patients. " 11/01/1993 - "The decreased intrinsic fibrinolysis in severe cirrhosis, unaccompanied by a rise in C1-esterase inhibitor, may be explained by the decreased factor XII and prekallikrein activity. " 12/01/1989 - "Interrelation between factor VII, prekallikrein, and hyperfibrinolysis in advanced cirrhosis." 05/01/1972 - "The plasma prekallikrein-bradykininogen system was studied in 45 patients with chronic liver disease since its activation with increased liberation of kinin into the plasma could account for some of the clinical manifestations of cirrhosis, namely, vasodilatation, hypotension, and increased capillary permeability.A significant reduction in plasma bradykininogen was found in the cirrhotic patients as compared with control groups of normal subjects and hospital inpatients. "
3.	Hypotension (Low Blood Pressure) 01/01/2014 - "On the other hand, in some pathological situations where plasma prekallikrein is inappropriately activated, excess kinin release in local or systemic circulation is detrimental, through oedema or hypotension. " 01/01/1987 - "Endotoxin-induced hypotension in rats is not mediated by prekallikrein activation." 12/01/1989 - "5. It can be concluded from our results that plasma prekallikrein is activated in the blood immediately after administration of endotoxin to rats and that bradykinin is a major cause of the immediate hypotension." 08/01/1980 - "PKA, which was measured by its ability to catalyze the conversion of prekallikrein to kallikrein, ranged from 5% to 3950% of the activity in a reference plasma protein fraction that had caused hypotension. " 05/01/1972 - "The plasma prekallikrein-bradykininogen system was studied in 45 patients with chronic liver disease since its activation with increased liberation of kinin into the plasma could account for some of the clinical manifestations of cirrhosis, namely, vasodilatation, hypotension, and increased capillary permeability.A significant reduction in plasma bradykininogen was found in the cirrhotic patients as compared with control groups of normal subjects and hospital inpatients. "
4.	Hemorrhage 06/01/2011 - "Prekallikrein deficiency is a rare autosomal recessive disease not considered to be associated with a tendency for bleeding, despite marked prolongation of activated partial thromboplastin time. " 12/01/2010 - "The congenital deficiency of prekallikrein (PK) is a rare condition in which there is a peculiar discrepancy between a severe in vitro defect and absence of bleeding. " 11/01/2009 - "Some animals with prekallikrein deficiency were shown to have moderate bleeding tendencies. " 11/01/2009 - "A case of prekallikrein deficiency resulting in severe recurrent mucosal hemorrhage." 01/01/1986 - "Patients with prekallikrein deficiency rarely have manifestations of hemorrhage. "
5.	Thrombosis (Thrombus) 01/22/2015 - "The precise mechanism for reduced thrombosis in prekallikrein null mice (Klkb1(-/-)) is unknown. " 01/01/2011 - "As far as Prekallikrein deficiency is concerned, there were nine cases with thrombosis (five arterial and four venous). " 01/01/2010 - "The article clearly indicates that prekallikrein deficiency does not protect from thrombosis in spite of the severe in vitro coagulation defect." 01/01/2010 - "Anecdotal reports on thrombosis in patients with prekallikrein deficiency have occasionally been reported. " 01/01/2015 - "Knockdown of plasma prekallikrein was associated with modest clot weight reduction in the rat arteriovenous shunt thrombosis model and no increase in the cuticle bleeding time. "

Related Drugs and Biologics

1.	bradykininogen
2.	Kallikreins (Kallikrein)
3.	Factor XI (Plasma Thromboplastin Antecedent)
4.	Factor XII (Hageman Factor)
5.	Proteins (Proteins, Gene)
6.	Fibronectins (Fibronectin)
7.	High-Molecular-Weight Kininogen (Kininogen, High Molecular Weight)
8.	Kininogens (Kininogen)
9.	Plasma Kallikrein
10.	Antithrombin III

Related Therapies and Procedures

1.	Aftercare (After-Treatment)
2.	Low-Level Laser Therapy (LLLT)
3.	Intensive Care (Surgical Intensive Care)
4.	Intralesional Injections
5.	Injections