Pre-Excitation Syndromes (Pre-Excitation Syndrome)

A group of conditions in which HEART VENTRICLE activation by the atrial impulse is faster than the normal impulse conduction from the SINOATRIAL NODE. In these pre-excitation syndromes, atrial impulses often bypass the ATRIOVENTRICULAR NODE delay and travel via ACCESSORY CONDUCTING PATHWAYS connecting the atrium directly to the BUNDLE OF HIS.

Also Known As:

Networked: 70 relevant articles (3 outcomes, 3 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Disease Context: Research Results

Related Diseases

1.	Tachycardia (Tachyarrhythmias)
2.	Atrial Fibrillation
3.	Wolff-Parkinson-White Syndrome (Wolf-Parkinson-White Syndrome)
4.	Ventricular Tachycardia
5.	Paroxysmal Tachycardia

Experts

1.	Brembilla-Perrot, B: 2 articles (07/2013 - 08/2010)
2.	Trappe, Hans-Joachim: 2 articles (04/2010 - 10/2003)
3.	Boussaada, R: 1 article (05/2015)
4.	Finsterer, J: 1 article (05/2015)
5.	Ouarda, F: 1 article (05/2015)
6.	Zarrouk-Mahjoub, S: 1 article (05/2015)
7.	Mehri, S: 1 article (05/2015)
8.	Joung, Boyoung: 1 article (08/2013)
9.	Lee, Moon Hyoung: 1 article (08/2013)
10.	Wi, Jin: 1 article (08/2013)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to Pre-Excitation Syndromes:

1.	Amiodarone (Amiodarona)FDA LinkGeneric 09/01/1987 - "Amiodarone treatment in cardiac preexcitation syndrome: use of signal averaged electrocardiogram." 01/01/1994 - "[Role of cordarone in the treatment of paroxysmal supraventricular tachyarrhythmia in pre-excitation syndrome]." 08/01/1987 - "We report a case of cardiac pre-excitation syndrome in a young male patient in whom amiodarone therapy (3000 mg/weekly) was instituted to modify the dangerous ventricular response during atrial fibrillation (shortest R-R interval 190 ms, ventricular rate 210 beats/min). " 05/01/1984 - "Electrophysiologic basis for the suppression by amiodarone of orthodromic supraventricular tachycardias complicating pre-excitation syndromes." 06/15/1977 - "[Amiodarone hydrochloride in the treatment of arrhythmia in pre-excitation syndromes]."
2.	Flecainide (Tambocor)FDA LinkGeneric 10/01/1985 - "Flecainide appears one of the best choices for the treatment of preexcitation syndromes and their related arrhythmias at the present time." 01/01/1986 - "Flecainide is highly effective in the treatment of ventricular arrhythmias, pre-excitation syndromes and AV reentry tachycardias. " 08/25/1988 - "Treatment of atrial tachyarrhythmias and preexcitation syndrome with flecainide acetate." 07/15/1989 - "To determine the reversibility of the effects of flecainide on accessory pathways, electrophysiologic studies were performed in the drug-free control state, after flecainide loading and with isoproterenol infusion during flecainide treatment in 12 patients with symptomatic preexcitation syndrome. " 10/01/2004 - "The drug of choice for atrial fibrillation in pre-excitation syndrome is procainamide but propafenone, flecainide and disopyramide have also been used. "
3.	Moricizine (Moracizine)FDA Link 09/01/1984 - "Thus intravenous ethmozin terminated induced SVT and prevented the induction of sustained SVT in most patients with preexcitation syndrome due to a suppressive effect of the drug on AP." 10/16/1987 - "Oral moricizine HCl (600 to 800 mg/24 hours) prevented tachycardia in 40% of patients with a preexcitation syndrome. " 09/01/1984 - "Electrophysiologic effects of intravenous ethmozin (1.5 to 2 mg/kg) were evaluated in 16 patients (10 with Wolff-Parkinson-White [WPW] syndrome and six with concealed accessory pathway [AP]) with ventricular preexcitation syndrome. " 11/01/1986 - "Ritmilen proved particularly effective in patients with paroxysmal tachycardias in the presence of the ventricular pre-excitation syndrome, while cordarone and etmozin were most effective antiarrhythmic drugs for reciprocal ventricular tachycardias. "
4.	Anti-Arrhythmia AgentsIBA 02/01/1992 - "A comparative study of antiarrhythmic drugs was performed in 81 patients with atrial fibrillation attacks in the presence of preexcitation syndrome. " 01/01/1992 - "Evolution of the effectiveness of antiarrhythmic drugs used in 240 patients with preexcitation syndrome to arrest episodes of paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia was analysed prospectively. " 11/01/1986 - "Ritmilen proved particularly effective in patients with paroxysmal tachycardias in the presence of the ventricular pre-excitation syndrome, while cordarone and etmozin were most effective antiarrhythmic drugs for reciprocal ventricular tachycardias. "
5.	Disopyramide (Norpace)FDA LinkGeneric 10/01/2004 - "The drug of choice for atrial fibrillation in pre-excitation syndrome is procainamide but propafenone, flecainide and disopyramide have also been used. " 11/01/1986 - "Ritmilen proved particularly effective in patients with paroxysmal tachycardias in the presence of the ventricular pre-excitation syndrome, while cordarone and etmozin were most effective antiarrhythmic drugs for reciprocal ventricular tachycardias. "
6.	Isoproterenol (Isoprenaline)FDA LinkGeneric 06/01/2013 - "Electrophysiological study was performed in 807 patients with a pre-excitation syndrome in control state and after isoproterenol. " 08/01/2010 - "Isoproterenol infusion is required in the preexcitation syndrome to look for the shortening of accessory refractory period. " 11/01/1992 - "Electrophysiological and electropharmacological studies in pre-excitation syndromes: results with propafenone therapy and isoproterenol infusion testing." 07/15/1989 - "To determine the reversibility of the effects of flecainide on accessory pathways, electrophysiologic studies were performed in the drug-free control state, after flecainide loading and with isoproterenol infusion during flecainide treatment in 12 patients with symptomatic preexcitation syndrome. "
7.	Propafenone (Rythmol)FDA LinkGeneric 11/01/1992 - "To study the electrophysiological effects of oral propafenone on accessory pathways and determine the potential for catecholamine-mediated reversal of these effects, comprehensive electrophysiology studies (EPS) were conducted in 11 patients with manifest (n = 9) or concealed (n = 2) pre-excitation syndrome. " 11/01/1992 - "Electrophysiological and electropharmacological studies in pre-excitation syndromes: results with propafenone therapy and isoproterenol infusion testing." 10/01/2004 - "The drug of choice for atrial fibrillation in pre-excitation syndrome is procainamide but propafenone, flecainide and disopyramide have also been used. "
8.	AdenosineFDA LinkGeneric 04/01/2011 - "Use of adenosine test for the exclusion of preexcitation syndrome in asymptomatic individuals." 05/01/2001 - "[Adenosine in the preexcitation syndrome]." 05/01/2008 - "Nonsustained polymorphic ventricular tachycardia during adenosine stress perfusion imaging in the setting of resting pre-excitation electrocardiographic pattern: should we be avoiding adenosine pharmacologic stress testing in pre-excitation syndromes?" 06/01/2002 - "Valsalva maneuver and adenosine are effective therapies for many patients with PSVT, although any conversion to an irregular or wide complex tachycardia should prompt consideration of a preexcitation syndrome. "
9.	Verapamil (Calan)FDA LinkGeneric 06/01/1978 - "Evaluation of verapamil in the management of pre-excitation syndrome." 01/01/1975 - "[Demonstration of a major preexcitation syndrome during treatment of auricular flutter using intravenous injection of verapamil]." 11/01/2009 - "Hemodynamically stable patients with atrial fibrillation or atrial flutter, a rapid ventricular rate and without preexcitation syndrome should be treated with intravenous beta-adrenergic blocking drugs, amiodarone, verapamil, or diltiazem. "
10.	Lidocaine (Xylocaine)FDA LinkGeneric 01/01/1977 - "[Lidocaine and the ventricular preexcitation syndrome]." 09/01/1993 - "If atrial flutter complicates the preexcitation syndrome, this type of supraventricular tachycardia must not be treated with calcium antagonists, cardiac glycosides or lidocaine, since these agents decrease refractoriness of the accessory pathway which may precipitate fatal ventricular fibrillation."

Therapies and Procedures

1.	Drug Therapy (Chemotherapy) 06/01/2007 - "Because of the potential disadvantages of a life-long drug therapy and relatively favourable results from radiofrequency catheter ablation (RFCA) therapy in adults, the indications for ablation therapy in children with preexcitation syndrome (PS) need to be considered. " 05/01/1994 - "These standard pharmacotherapies however, are contraindicated in ventricular preexcitation syndrome associated with rapid ventricular rate due to AF. " 09/15/1994 - "The indications for ablation include preexcitation syndromes, atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia, and other selected atrial and ventricular tachyarrhythmias refractory to antiarrhythmic drug therapy. "
2.	Catheters 01/01/1995 - "Recently, endocardial catheter mapping and radiofrequency catheter ablation have substantially contributed to the characterization of this unusual form of the preexcitation syndrome. " 11/01/1978 - "Catheter-induced conduction delay or block in the accessory atrioventricular pathway of four patients with the preexcitation syndrome was observed. "
3.	Intensive Care (Surgical Intensive Care) 04/01/2010 - "Atrial fibrillation (AF), atrial flutter, AV-nodal reentry tachycardia with rapid ventricular response, atrial ectopic tachycardia and preexcitation syndromes combined with AF or ventricular tachyarrhythmias (VTA) are typical arrhythmias in intensive care patients (pts). " 10/01/2003 - "Atrial fibrillation, atrial flutter, AV-nodal reentry tachycardia with rapid ventricular response, atrial ectopic tachycardia, and preexcitation syndromes combined with atrial fibrillation or ventricular tachyarrhythmias are typical arrhythmias in intensive care patients. "
4.	Extracorporeal Circulation 08/01/1985 - "A new technique for definitive surgical treatment of the preexcitation syndrome without the use of extracorporeal circulation has been elaborated and clinically used in 25 patients with Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome. " 08/01/1985 - "A simplified technique for surgical treatment of preexcitation syndrome caused by left-sided accessory atrioventricular connections without the use of extracorporeal circulation has been elaborated experimentally and used in 21 patients with tachycardia refractory to medical treatment. "
5.	General Anesthesia 07/01/1982 - "[Ventricular pre-excitation syndrome and general anesthesia]." 01/01/1994 - "Conversely, in patients with preexcitation syndrome requiring general anesthesia for nonablative procedures, volatile agents may reduce the incidence of perioperative tachyarrhythmias because of their effects on refractoriness. "