Porphyrins

A group of compounds containing the porphin structure, four pyrrole rings connected by methine bridges in a cyclic configuration to which a variety of side chains are attached. The nature of the side chain is indicated by a prefix, as uroporphyrin, hematoporphyrin, etc. The porphyrins, in combination with iron, form the heme component in biologically significant compounds such as hemoglobin and myoglobin.

Networked: 989 relevant articles (24 outcomes, 86 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Bio-Agent Context: Research Results

Experts

1.	Batinic-Haberle, Ines: 9 articles (01/2014 - 05/2006)
2.	Vicente, M Graça H: 8 articles (01/2013 - 07/2003)
3.	Tovmasyan, Artak: 6 articles (01/2014 - 11/2011)
4.	Batlle, A: 6 articles (01/2013 - 07/2001)
5.	Bonkovsky, Herbert L: 4 articles (12/2015 - 11/2004)
6.	Krivosheev, A B: 4 articles (01/2015 - 01/2006)
7.	Stummer, Walter: 4 articles (01/2015 - 05/2006)
8.	Ishikawa, Toshihisa: 4 articles (01/2015 - 01/2008)
9.	van den Bergh, Hubert: 4 articles (12/2013 - 11/2004)
10.	Spasojevic, Ivan: 4 articles (05/2013 - 10/2009)

Related Diseases

1.	Neoplasms (Cancer) 07/18/2007 - "In addition, the number of cells accumulating in the sub G0/G1 stage of the cell cycle increased from 3- to 10-fold, potentially reflecting that the treatment was highly effective in inducing DNA damage in the tumor cells, suggesting that porphyrins may be beneficial as a CT catalyst in the treatment of cancer." 06/01/2001 - "Besides the therapeutic efficacy of this technique, the fluorescence of ALA-induced porphyrins can be effectively used to detect and delineate epithelial and endothelial neoplasms. " 12/01/2014 - "In the photodynamic activity studies, the liposomal porphyrins were irradiated with light (375 nm, 10 mW) in the presence of cancer cell lines, HeLa and AGS. " 02/16/2001 - "These 99mTc-labeled porphyrins were administered to C6-glioma tumor bearing Wistar rats and scintiimaging and biodistribution studies were carried out. " 03/01/1998 - "Fluorescing and nonfluorescing samples taken from the tumor perimeters were examined histologically or used to study the photobleaching of porphyrins by excitation light and white light from the operating microscope. "
2.	Porphyrias 11/01/2006 - "For the diagnosis of clinically expressed porphyrias, a logical stepwise approach including the analysis of porphyrins and their precursors should not be underestimated, as it is still very useful, and is often the best from the cost-effective point of view." 11/01/1990 - "Non-absorbable sorbents that bind porphyrins in the gastrointestinal tract may be useful in the treatment of porphyrias whose manifestations result from porphyrin excess. " 01/15/2003 - "This method should be easily adapted through cross-validation for use in determining the effects of chemicals and pharmaceuticals on the urinary excretion profile of porphyrins in preclinical studies with other species, and in assisting the diagnosis of porphyria in clinical studies." 10/01/1988 - "Studies on the mechanisms of trace metal-induced renal porphyria support the view that the kidney can play an important, even predominant, role in the etiology of excess urinary porphyrins excreted as a result of disordered porphyrin metabolism. " 06/01/1967 - "Rapid thin-layer chromatography of porphyrins and related compounds, and its application to the study of porphyrias."
3.	Porphyria Cutanea Tarda 06/01/1986 - "Five cases of porphyria cutanea tarda with mild cutaneous changes: evaluation of the efficacy of phlebotomy by the pattern analysis of urinary porphyrins." 01/01/2013 - "The high-performance liquid chromatography assessment revealed increased presence of porphyrins in blood and urine, thus confirming a diagnosis of porphyria cutanea tarda. " 03/01/2006 - "The clinical and laboratory findings were initially compatible with the suspicion of pseudoporphyria, but the finding of some frankly elevated levels of porphyrins in serum, urine and feces confirmed the diagnosis of porphyria cutanea tarda. " 07/01/2002 - "For each patient, histology and immunofluorescence was either consistent with the diagnosis of porphyria cutanea tarda or nonspecific, while serum, stool, and urine porphyrins did not support that diagnosis. " 01/15/2002 - "Excessive porphyrinuria of 3,128 nmol/24 h (normal < 165 nmol/24 h) with dominance of uro- and heptacarboxyporphyrin (75% of total porphyrins) indicated that the patient suffered from porphyria cutanea tarda. "
4.	Phototoxic Dermatitis (Phototoxicity) 07/01/2012 - "Cell viability tests have demonstrated that the phototoxicity of pegylated porphyrins is dependent on the length of PEG chain and p-THPP-PEG(2000) exhibited the highest photodynamic efficacy for both cell lines. " 08/01/1997 - "The yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae was used as a model eukaryotic organism to study the uptake of diamino acid derivatives of porphyrins and their phototoxicity with particular emphasis on possible mutagenic effects. " 08/02/2010 - "Effect of overall charge and charge distribution on cellular uptake, distribution and phototoxicity of cationic porphyrins in HEp2 cells." 12/28/2009 - "The conjugation of porphyrins to metal fragments is a strategy for making new compounds that are expected to combine the phototoxicity and the tumour-localization properties of the porphyrin chromophore with the cytotoxicity of the metal fragment for additive antitumour effect. " 05/01/1992 - "There was also a significant correlation between subcellular localization and degree of phototoxicity, with the three most photosensitive porphyrins all possessing cationic side chains, and all three localizing in mitochondria."
5.	Wounds and Injuries (Trauma) 01/28/2006 - "Consequently, with anticipated increased blood-circulating half-life, these new Mn(III) porphyrins may be more effective in ameliorating oxidative stress injuries than ethyl analogues that have been already successfully explored in vivo." 05/01/2012 - "Within a class of Mn porphyrins, lipophilic analogs are particularly effective for treating central nervous system injuries where mitochondria play key role. " 01/01/2012 - "Design of Mn porphyrins for treating oxidative stress injuries and their redox-based regulation of cellular transcriptional activities." 05/01/2010 - "The evaluation of the activity of wound exudate leukocytes did not reveal any distrinct dependence of the effect on the concentration of endogenous porphyrins." 01/01/1991 - "To specify the role porphyrins play in the development of diffuse liver injuries, 53 patients with alcohol-induced liver injuries were examined. "

Related Drugs and Biologics

1.	1-phenyl-3,3-dimethyltriazene (PDT)
2.	Dihematoporphyrin Ether (Porfimer Sodium)
3.	Aminolevulinic Acid (Levulan)
4.	Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP)
5.	Manganese
6.	Chloroquine (Aralen)
7.	Ascorbic Acid (Vitamin C)
8.	alpha-Tocopherol
9.	Ethylene Glycol (Monoethylene Glycol)
10.	beta Carotene (Betacarotene)

Related Therapies and Procedures

1.	Photochemotherapy (Photodynamic Therapy)
2.	Boron Neutron Capture Therapy
3.	Topical Administration
4.	Homologous Transplantation (Allograft)
5.	Oral Administration