Polymyxins (Polymyxin)

Basic lipopeptide antibiotic group obtained from Bacillus polymyxa. They affect the cell membrane by detergent action and may cause neuromuscular and kidney damage. At least eleven different members of the polymyxin group have been identified, each designated by a letter.

Also Known As:

Networked: 312 relevant articles (24 outcomes, 39 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Bio-Agent Context: Research Results

Experts

1.	Falagas, Matthew E: 20 articles (08/2010 - 01/2005)
2.	Nation, Roger L: 10 articles (02/2015 - 09/2006)
3.	Michalopoulos, Argyris: 10 articles (04/2010 - 01/2005)
4.	Li, Jian: 9 articles (02/2015 - 09/2006)
5.	Tam, Vincent H: 6 articles (02/2015 - 01/2007)
6.	Kasiakou, Sofia K: 6 articles (10/2007 - 01/2005)
7.	Rafailidis, Petros I: 5 articles (08/2010 - 06/2007)
8.	Tsuji, Brian T: 4 articles (02/2015 - 12/2010)
9.	Moskowitz, Samuel M: 4 articles (05/2013 - 07/2010)
10.	Vaara, Timo: 4 articles (03/2013 - 09/2008)

Related Diseases

1.	Infection 05/01/2010 - "Novel polymyxin derivatives are effective in treating experimental Escherichia coli peritoneal infection in mice." 03/01/2015 - "To evaluate the clinical efficacy of polymyxins in the treatment of infections caused by carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae, we systemically searched the PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases and analyzed the available evidence. " 06/01/2014 - "The objective of this study was to evaluate cases of colonization or infection with polymyxin-resistant A. " 07/01/2008 - "Polymyxins have assumed an important antibiotic niche for therapy for hospital-acquired infections; further studies defining the optimal use of these agents will likely extend the duration of their clinical usefulness." 12/01/2007 - "Since polymyxins will be increasingly used for the treatment of infections caused by MDR bacteria, clinical pharmacokinetic, pharmacodynamic and toxicodynamic studies underpinning the optimal use of these drugs are urgently required."
2.	Endotoxemia 04/01/2000 - "A new treatment for endotoxemia with direct hemoperfusion by polymyxin immobilized fiber. " 10/01/2001 - "Therapeutic efficacy of the polymyxin-like peptide ranalexin in an experimental model of endotoxemia." 07/01/1989 - "The first group underwent polymyxin administration during the first week after burn injury in a bell-shaped dosage form constructed to resemble the level of endotoxemia as previously documented. " 01/01/2010 - "The newly designed EUPHRATES trial (Evaluating Use of Polymyxin Hemoperfusion in a Randomized Controlled Trial of Adults treated for Endotoxemia and Septic Shock) addresses many of the methodological issues and represents a significant opportunity to test for clinical efficacy of endotoxin removal in the critically ill septic patient." 01/01/1979 - "Polymyxin therapy given after the animals had established septicemia-endotoxemia reduced the plasma endotoxin levels and improved the survival, but had no effect on the leukopenia and thrombocytopenia. "
3.	Sepsis (Septicemia) 09/01/1949 - "Polymyxin effective in the treatment of pyocyaneus sepsis; report of a case." 01/01/2001 - "A prospective, open and randomized trial of the effect of immobilized polymyxin fibers (PMX-F) on the survival of patients with sepsis throughout a follow-up period of 28 days or until discharge, if earlier, was carried out. " 01/01/2009 - "It is concluded that hemosorbtion using biospecific polymyxin-containing hemosorbent "Liposorb" effectively removes Gramm-negative endotoxin and leads to stabilization of hemodynamic in patients with Gramm-negative abdominal sepsis." 02/01/2007 - "Clinical sepsis occurred in 3/11 (27.3%) of the patients in the placebo group and in none (0/14) in the polymyxin group (P = 0.071). " 05/01/1984 - "The neutropenic mouse model of endotoxin-associated anaerobic sepsis was used to evaluate the anti-endotoxic effect of polymyxin. "
4.	Septic Shock (Toxic Shock Syndrome) 12/11/2013 - "Epuration of circulating endotoxin using hemoadsorption on polymyxin columns is a new treatment in septic shock showing encouraging preliminary results. " 06/01/2013 - "The use of polymyxin hemoperfusion in patients with septic shock of intra-abdominal origin can significantly improve hemodynamic and respiratory functions." 07/15/2010 - "Polymyxin-direct hemoperfusion for septic shock was started, followed by continuous hemodiafiltration. " 06/01/2008 - "Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that independent predictors of mortality during treatment were treatment with polymyxins, higher Acute Physiological and Chronic Health Evaluation II (APACHE II) score, septic shock, delay in starting treatment and renal failure. " 10/01/2001 - "A rat model was used to investigate the efficacy of a polycationic peptide, the polymyxin-like ranalexin, in the prevention of lethality in a rat model of septic shock. "
5.	Otitis Externa 08/01/2008 - "To compare the efficacy and safety of polymyxin sulfate 7500 IU/neomycin sulfate 3500 IU/dexamethasone phosphate 0.1% (PN+Dx) otic solution with polymyxin sulfate 7500 IU/neomycin sulfate 3500 IU (PN-Dx) in patients with acute bacterial otitis externa (AOE), in order to determine the possible benefit of the addition of dexamethasone. " 09/01/1991 - "A clinical trial of a topical preparation of miconazole, polymyxin and prednisolone in the treatment of otitis externa in dogs." 06/01/1991 - "A clinical trial of a topical preparation of miconazole, polymyxin and prednisolone in the treatment of otitis externa in dogs." 06/01/1991 - "A topical preparation containing miconazole, polymyxin and prednisolone was shown to be more effective in the treatment of otitis externa in 167 dogs than 2 other ear preparations containing antibiotics, an antimycotic and a corticosteroid. " 01/01/2001 - "Ofloxacin otic is as effective in curing otitis externa in children (<12 years of age) as is the preparation combining polymyxin/neomycin plus hydrocortisone and as ciprofloxacin otic. "

Related Drugs and Biologics

1.	Anti-Bacterial Agents (Antibiotics)
2.	Neomycin
3.	Ofloxacin (Levofloxacin)
4.	Vancomycin
5.	Peptides
6.	Tobramycin (Nebcin)
7.	Bacitracin (Baci-Rx)
8.	Polymyxin B (Aerosporin)
9.	tigecycline (Tygacil)
10.	Gentamicins (Gentamicin)

Related Therapies and Procedures

1.	Hemoperfusion
2.	Catheters
3.	Palliative Care (Palliative Medicine)
4.	Gastrectomy
5.	Enteral Nutrition (Feeding, Tube)