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Phosphopyruvate Hydratase (Enolase)

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A hydro-lyase that catalyzes the dehydration of 2-phosphoglycerate to form PHOSPHOENOLPYRUVATE. Several different isoforms of this enzyme exist, each with its own tissue specificity.

Also Known As:

Enolase; Neuron-Specific Enolase; 2-Phospho-D-Glycerate Hydro-Lyase; 2-Phospho-D-Glycerate Hydrolase; 2-Phosphoglycerate Dehydratase; Enolase 2; Enolase 3; Muscle-Specific Enolase; Nervous System-Specific Enolase; Non-Neuronal Enolase; alpha-Enolase; beta-Enolase; gamma-Enolase; 2 Phospho D Glycerate Hydro Lyase; 2 Phospho D Glycerate Hydrolase; 2 Phosphoglycerate Dehydratase; Dehydratase, 2-Phosphoglycerate; Enolase, Muscle-Specific; Enolase, Nervous System-Specific; Enolase, Neuron-Specific; Enolase, Non-Neuronal; Hydratase, Phosphopyruvate; Hydro-Lyase, 2-Phospho-D-Glycerate; Muscle Specific Enolase; Nervous System Specific Enolase; Neuron Specific Enolase; Non Neuronal Enolase; System-Specific Enolase, Nervous; alpha Enolase; beta Enolase; gamma Enolase

Networked: 3114 relevant articles (45 outcomes, 312 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Bio-Agent Context: Research Results

Enzymes and Coenzymes
- Enzymes: 34502
  - Lyases: 25
    - Carbon-Oxygen Lyases
      - Hydro-Lyases: 12
        Phosphopyruvate Hydratase: 3114
        tau-Crystallins: 1
        Bacteroides fragilis alpha-enolase P46
        carboxyphosphonoenolpyruvate synthase
        Hev b 9 allergen
        human ENO1 protein
        mouse Eno1 protein
        Onchocerca volvulus alpha-enolase
        S cerevisiae ENO1 protein
        S cerevisiae enolase 2
        streptococcal surface enolase
        zebrafish enolase 2

Experts

1.	Terada, Tadashi: 24 articles (01/2015 - 01/2009)
2.	Venables, Patrick J: 11 articles (03/2014 - 01/2005)
3.	Novelli, Francesco: 10 articles (09/2015 - 08/2009)
4.	Shih, Neng-Yao: 8 articles (10/2015 - 10/2006)
5.	Kochanek, Patrick M: 8 articles (03/2014 - 02/2002)
6.	Lundberg, Karin: 8 articles (05/2013 - 01/2005)
7.	Cappello, Paola: 7 articles (05/2015 - 08/2009)
8.	Adelson, P David: 7 articles (02/2010 - 02/2002)
9.	Capello, Michela: 6 articles (09/2015 - 06/2010)
10.	Migliorini, Paola: 6 articles (05/2015 - 04/2006)

Related Diseases

1.	Neoplasms (Cancer) 08/01/2015 - "We assessed the expression of alpha-enolase (ENO1) protein by immunohistochemistry in 360 patients with primary ccRCC and correlated its expression with multiple clinicopathological parameters including stage, grade, tumor size, disease-free and overall survival. " 01/01/2013 - "For which cancer types can neuron-specific enolase be clinically helpful in Turkish patients?" 10/01/2011 - "Immunohistochemical study of serial sections from the same patients revealed a marked association between the expression pattern of NDRG1 and that of neuron-specific enolase, a tumor differentiation marker. " 01/01/2010 - "Although several studies have shown an antiproliferative effect of MBP-1 overexpression on several human cancer cells, to date detailed observations of α-enolase and MBP-1 relative expression in primary tumors versus normal tissues and their correlation with clinicopathological features have not been undertaken. " 09/01/2004 - "The immunohistochemical studies revealed that the four tumors were all positive for a1 antitrypsin and neuron specific enolase, and were all negative for chromogranin. "
2.	Small Cell Lung Carcinoma (Small Cell Lung Cancer) 01/01/1996 - "[The value of determining neuron specific enolase for diagnosis of complete remission during treatment of small cell lung cancer]." 10/01/2013 - "This study aims to evaluate the association of serum neuron-specific enolase (NSE) levels with the prognosis of small cell lung cancer (SCLC). " 10/01/2013 - "Serum neuron-specific enolase levels were associated with the prognosis of small cell lung cancer: a meta-analysis." 06/15/2013 - "NSE, neuron-specific enolase, is an important biomarker for several pathological conditions including small cell lung cancer (SCLC). " 04/13/2012 - "To detect a biomarker for small cell lung carcinoma, neuron specific enolase (NSE), a sensitive and specific chemiluminescence enzyme immunoassay was developed. "
3.	Malaria 01/01/2009 - "In an earlier study, it was observed that the vaccination with Plasmodium falciparum enolase can confer partial protection against malaria in mice. " 01/01/2015 - "Immunization of mice with recombinant Plasmodium enolase (rPfeno) showed partial protection against malaria. " 05/15/2009 - "Since the parasite enolase localizes on the merozoite surface and confers partial protection against malaria [I. Pal-Bhowmick, M. " 08/01/2011 - "Recent work revealed that the malaria parasite Plasmodium also expresses surface enolase, and that this feature may be essential for completion of its life cycle. " 04/01/2007 - "Thus enolase could be a novel therapeutic target for malaria."
4.	Carcinoma (Carcinomatosis) 07/01/2003 - "To study the behavior and possible correlations of neuron-specific enolase (NSE) with other clinicobiological parameters, we measured the cytosolic levels of this marker by means of an immunoradiometric assay (IRMA) in 95 squamous cell lung carcinoma samples. " 12/01/1987 - "The finding of neurosecretory granules by electron microscopic study, combined with strong immunoreactivity for neuron-specific enolase and chromogranin, confirms the true neuroendocrine origin of the carcinoma. " 01/01/2011 - "Overexpression of α-enolase correlates with poor survival in canine mammary carcinoma." 07/01/1999 - "The liver biopsy showed a malignant epithelial tumor that was positive for neuron-specific enolase immunostaining and negative for chromogranin. " 05/01/1998 - "For example, from an in situ tryptic digest of alpha-enolase isolated by 2-DE from the human breast carcinoma cell line MDA-MB231, 71% of the amino acid sequence was obtained. "
5.	Infection 11/15/2009 - "Additionally, we found that enolase can confer complete protection against SS2 infection to mice, which suggests that enolase has potential as a vaccine candidate. " 07/26/2011 - "Immunisation with the glycolytic enzyme enolase confers effective protection against Candida albicans infection in mice." 01/01/2015 - "These studies firstly disclose MRP and Enolase were involved in immune evasion of SS2 at least in part by binding to Fg, which make them potential targets for therapies for SS2 infection. " 02/25/2009 - "In the present study, a novel immunogenic Enolase identified in the previous study was inducibly overexpressed in Escherichia coli, and the purified recombinant protein could elicit a significant humoral antibody response and confer efficient immunity against challenge with lethal dose of SS2 or SS7 infection in mouse model. " 01/01/2015 - "iniae infection in mice, which suggests that α-enolase has potential as a vaccine candidate in mammals. "

Related Drugs and Biologics

1.	Phosphopyruvate Hydratase (Enolase)
2.	S100 Proteins (S 100 Protein)
3.	Carcinoembryonic Antigen
4.	Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein
5.	Antibodies
6.	Chromogranin A
7.	Biological Markers (Surrogate Marker)
8.	Proteins (Proteins, Gene)
9.	Chromogranins
10.	Vimentin

Related Therapies and Procedures

1.	Drug Therapy (Chemotherapy)
2.	Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR)
3.	Radiotherapy
4.	Carotid Endarterectomy
5.	Salvage Therapy