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Phentolamine (Z-Max)

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A nonselective alpha-adrenergic antagonist. It is used in the treatment of hypertension and hypertensive emergencies, pheochromocytoma, vasospasm of RAYNAUD DISEASE and frostbite, clonidine withdrawal syndrome, impotence, and peripheral vascular disease.

Also Known As:

Z-Max; Alliance Brand of Phentolamine Mesylate; Novartis Brand of Phentolamine Mesylate; Paladin Brand of Phentolamine Mesylate; Phentolamine Mesilate; Phentolamine Mesylate; Phentolamine Methanesulfonate; Phentolamine Mono-hydrochloride; Regitine; Regityn; Rogitine; Schering-Plough Brand of Phentolamine Mesylate; Mesilate, Phentolamine; Mesylate, Phentolamine; Methanesulfonate, Phentolamine; Mono-hydrochloride, Phentolamine; Phentolamine Mono hydrochloride; Fentolamin; Phenol, 3-(((4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-yl)methyl)(4-methylphenyl)amino)-

Networked: 1158 relevant articles (57 outcomes, 72 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Drug Context: Research Results

Heterocyclic Compounds: 60
- 1-Ring Heterocyclic Compounds
  - Azoles: 413
    - Imidazoles: 107
      - Phentolamine: 1158
        phentolamine drug combination papaverine: 43
        aviptadil: 4

Experts

1.	Crossley, Dane A: 3 articles (06/2015 - 01/2003)
2.	Barbato, Emanuele: 3 articles (12/2014 - 11/2004)
3.	De Bruyne, Bernard: 3 articles (12/2014 - 11/2004)
4.	Kim, Sun Kwang: 3 articles (03/2014 - 10/2005)
5.	Min, Byung-Il: 3 articles (03/2014 - 10/2005)
6.	Leuenberger, Urs A: 3 articles (01/2014 - 10/2007)
7.	Weiss, J Woodrow: 3 articles (08/2008 - 05/2004)
8.	Tamisier, Renaud: 3 articles (08/2008 - 05/2004)
9.	Hanaoka, Kazuo: 3 articles (05/2008 - 12/2004)
10.	Goldstein, I: 3 articles (08/2002 - 03/2000)

Related Diseases

1.	Erectile Dysfunction 08/01/2002 - "Long-term safety and efficacy of oral phentolamine mesylate (Vasomax) in men with mild to moderate erectile dysfunction." 10/01/2001 - "The objective of this study was to determine the effects of oral phentolamine, administered before sleep, on nocturnal penile erectile activity of men with mild to moderate erectile dysfunction (ED). " 04/01/2000 - "Re-dosing of prostaglandin-E1 versus prostaglandin-E1 plus phentolamine in male erectile dysfunction: a dynamic color power Doppler study." 02/01/2000 - "Re-dosing of prostaglandin-E1 versus prostaglandin-E1 plus phentolamine in male erectile dysfunction: a dynamic color power Doppler study." 04/01/1998 - "After a comprehensive evaluation 44 patients with recent onset (less than 3 years) of erectile dysfunction and a high likelihood of organogenic etiology underwent a prospective, double-blind and placebo controlled trial with oral phentolamine after placebo. "
2.	Pain (Aches) 11/15/1996 - "Ongoing pain and MA and PPH areas were measured every 5 min for 60 min. A significantly greater increase in temperature on the uninjected foot was seen during the phentolamine infusion compared with the saline infusion, indicating alpha-adrenergic blockade. " 05/01/2008 - "Phentolamine is effective for the management of sympathetically maintained pain. " 06/01/1994 - "All "phentolamine responders" had progressive pain relief from placebo. " 07/01/1991 - "Individuals in whom the phentolamine test was negative did not enjoy pain relief from this type of sympatholysis." 06/27/2014 - "This study examines the effects of NE, phentolamine on the electrical activities of pain-excited neurons (PENs) and pain-inhibited neurons (PINs) in the hippocampal CA3 region of rats. "
3.	Heart Failure 11/01/1979 - "Oral phentolamine results in significant hemodynamic improvement in patients with severe heart failure. " 11/01/1987 - "Effects of phentolamine on response to supine leg exercise of peripheral venous pressure and plasma catecholamine concentration--a study in patients with mild congestive heart failure." 10/01/1995 - "In patients with congestive heart failure, intracoronary phentolamine caused a significant increase in +dP/dt and the rate of isovolumic LV relaxation (-dP/dt and Tau). " 10/01/1995 - "In 8 patients with normal ventricular function and 10 patients with congestive heart failure, arterial and coronary sinus blood samples were drawn to determine the effects of phentolamine on catecholamine concentrations. " 07/01/1993 - "Administration of phentolamine significantly increased resting baseline forearm blood flow in 11 patients with congestive heart failure (2.9 +/- 0.4 to 5.4 +/- 0.8 mL.min-1.100 mL-1) and normal subjects (4.6 +/- 0.3 to 11.3 +/- 2.1 mL.min-1.100 mL-1). "
4.	Hyperalgesia 10/31/2005 - "These results suggest that the individual differences in the sensitivity of cold allodynia to phentolamine may be due to the difference in the alpha-adrenoreceptor subtype predominantly involved in cold allodynia." 10/31/2005 - "Individual differences in the sensitivity of cold allodynia to phentolamine in neuropathic rats." 02/01/1995 - "The pattern of sensory abnormalities evaluated with thermal testing changed transiently and the allodynia diminished during a phentolamine block. " 06/01/1984 - "Phentolamine continued to produce hyperalgesia following such desensitization. " 11/01/2000 - "Six of nine patients tested reported a marked decrease in pain and hyperalgesia following infusion of phentolamine (1 mg/kg over 10 min). "
5.	Shock 09/01/1979 - "In one case, phentolamine infusion, when lowering the SVR, produced a marked decrease in the cardiac index resulting in a state of hypovolemic shock. " 07/01/1980 - "However, a significantly reduced oxygen consumption seen during perfuslion with shock blood is not eliminated with phentolamine despite normal peripheral vascular resistance. " 10/01/1999 - "Phentolamine pretreatment also significantly attenuated the shock-mediated increase of IL-1beta concentration in the lung. " 01/01/1984 - "[Effect of the alpha-adrenoblockader fentolamin on the indices of central and peripheral hemodynamics and myocardial contractile function in patients with chronic circulatory failure]." 07/01/1980 - "Perfusion with shock blood results in a significantly increased peripheral vascular resistance, which can be blocked by phentolamine. "

Related Drugs and Biologics

1.	Adrenergic Receptors (Adrenergic Receptor)
2.	Papaverine
3.	Prazosin (Minipress)
4.	Propranolol (Inderal)
5.	Norepinephrine (Noradrenaline)
6.	Adrenergic Antagonists (Antiadrenergic Agents)
7.	Epinephrine (Adrenaline)
8.	Atropine (Hyoscyamine)
9.	Yohimbine (Yocon)
10.	Guanethidine

Related Therapies and Procedures

1.	Anesthesia
2.	Intravenous Infusions
3.	Injections
4.	Cardiopulmonary Bypass (Heart-Lung Bypass)
5.	Ligation