Phenformin (Fenformin)

A biguanide hypoglycemic agent with actions and uses similar to those of METFORMIN. Although it is generally considered to be associated with an unacceptably high incidence of lactic acidosis, often fatal, it is still available in some countries. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p290)

Also Known As:

Networked: 521 relevant articles (22 outcomes, 47 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Bio-Agent Context: Research Results

Experts

1.	Zheng, Bin: 5 articles (01/2021 - 11/2013)
2.	Anisimov, Vladimir N: 5 articles (01/2016 - 01/2003)
3.	Kim, Soo-Youl: 4 articles (05/2021 - 11/2019)
4.	Deng, Jun: 4 articles (01/2021 - 01/2018)
5.	Yang, Xiaoping: 4 articles (01/2021 - 01/2018)
6.	Lea, Michael A: 4 articles (04/2016 - 02/2011)
7.	Borutaite, Vilmante: 3 articles (08/2021 - 10/2020)
8.	Jang, Hyonchol: 3 articles (05/2021 - 05/2020)
9.	Jeon, Yoon: 3 articles (05/2021 - 05/2020)
10.	Lee, Ho: 3 articles (05/2021 - 05/2020)

Related Diseases

1.	Neoplasms (Cancer) 01/01/2018 - "In a mouse model of human HCC, dual inhibition of mTOR, together with phenformin, was highly efficacious in controlling tumor burden. " 01/01/2020 - "Phenformin (Phen), a potent activator of AMPK, is effective against some resistant cancers. " 01/01/2018 - "However, more strikingly, pretreatment with phenformin sensitized tumors to dual inhibition of mTOR, leading to a dramatic improvement in survival.Conclusions" 02/11/2013 - "This study suggests phenformin as a cancer metabolism-based therapeutic to selectively target LKB1-deficient tumors." 02/11/2013 - "Therapeutic trials in Kras-dependent mouse models of NSCLC revealed that tumors with Kras and Lkb1 mutations, but not those with Kras and p53 mutations, showed selective response to phenformin as a single agent, resulting in prolonged survival. "
2.	Lactic Acidosis 04/01/1998 - "Efficacy of continuous venovenous haemofiltration (CVVH) in the treatment of severe phenformin-induced lactic acidosis." 12/01/1983 - "The results may help to explain lactic acidosis in patients given phenformin in the absence of other predisposing factors." 09/01/1979 - "Detailed hemodynamic and metabolic studies were performed during the course of phenformin related lactic acidosis in two patients. " 03/01/2022 - "Oxamate combination with phenformin reduces the lactic acidosis-causing side effect of phenformin while inducing synergistic anticancer efficacy. " 02/20/2020 - "The unexpected effect of phenformin, once used as an oral anti-diabetic drug, on cutaneous darkening motivated us to investigate its underlying mechanism utilizing a chemical genetics approach, and especially to identify alternatives to phenformin because of its risk of severe lactic acidosis. "
3.	Melanoma (Melanoma, Malignant) 01/01/2017 - "Phenformin Enhances the Efficacy of ERK Inhibition in NF1-Mutant Melanoma." 01/01/2020 - "Herein, we characterize the molecular and functional events that follow prolonged oxidative phosphorylation inhibition by phenformin in order to study how melanoma cells adapt to this specific metabolic pressure. " 01/01/2020 - "We show that melanoma cells cultured up to 3 months with high doses of phenformin (R-cells) are less viable and migrate and invade less than parental (S-) cells. " 01/01/2020 - "Exploring metabolic reprogramming in melanoma via acquired resistance to the oxidative phosphorylation inhibitor phenformin." 01/24/2017 - "Consistently, phenformin reduces melanoma cell viability and growth independently from SOX2 levels. "
4.	Breast Neoplasms (Breast Cancer) 01/01/2015 - "In this study, we reveal the role of phenformin in cell death of the MCF7, ZR-75-1, MDA-MB-231 and SUM1315 breast cancer cell lines. " 01/01/2021 - "STAT1 potentiates oxidative stress revealing a targetable vulnerability that increases phenformin efficacy in breast cancer." 09/01/2017 - "We report that phenformin (25-75 μM) decreased cell proliferation and impaired cell cycle progression in SKBR3 and 78617 breast cancer cells. " 09/01/2017 - "Phenformin inhibits growth and epithelial-mesenchymal transition of ErbB2-overexpressing breast cancer cells through targeting the IGF1R pathway." 01/01/2015 - "Interestingly, phenformin induced MET (mesenchymal-epithelial transition) and decreased the migration rate in breast cancer cell lines. "
5.	Hypoxia (Hypoxemia) 11/30/2023 - "In addition, as Group 3 cells show improved respiration in hypoxia, the use of Phenformin, a mitochondrial complex 1 inhibitor, alone or in combination, induced significant cell death. " 07/01/2023 - "In this study, Cobalt(II) chloride (CoCl2) treatment leads to increased hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha (HIF-1α) expression and Phenformin can recover hypoxic condition. " 06/01/2021 - "The cell growth and Bcl-2 expression suppressed under hypoxia were reversed along with decreases in the induced HIF-1α and Cav-1 levels by AMPK activation with metformin (1mM) or phenformin (0.1mM). " 01/01/2021 - "Different effects of metformin and phenformin on hypoxia-induced Ca2+ fluxes in cultured primary neurons." 07/01/1973 - "The influence of phenformin on lactate metabolism in diabetic patients in relation to hypoxia and exercise."

Related Drugs and Biologics

1.	Metformin (Glucophage)
2.	Biguanides
3.	Hypoglycemic Agents (Hypoglycemics)
4.	Insulin (Novolin)
5.	Buformin
6.	Ethylestrenol (Maxibolin)
7.	Clofibrate
8.	venetoclax
9.	ABT-737
10.	Caspases

Related Therapies and Procedures

1.	Therapeutics
2.	Subcutaneous Injections
3.	Drug Therapy (Chemotherapy)
4.	Oral Administration
5.	Renal Dialysis (Hemodialysis)