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Phenylethanolamine N-Methyltransferase

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A methyltransferase that catalyzes the reaction of S-adenosyl-L-methionine and phenylethanolamine to yield S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine and N-methylphenylethanolamine. It can act on various phenylethanolamines and converts norepinephrine into epinephrine. (From Enzyme Nomenclature, 1992) EC 2.1.1.28.

Also Known As:

Noradrenalin N-Methyltransferase; Noradrenaline N-Methyltransferase; Norepinephrine Methyltransferase; Norepinephrine N-Methyltransferase; Methyltransferase, Norepinephrine; Noradrenalin N Methyltransferase; Noradrenaline N Methyltransferase; Norepinephrine N Methyltransferase; Phenethanolamine N Methyltransferase; Phenylethanolamine N Methyltransferase; Phenethanolamine N-Methyltransferase; S-Adenosyl-L-methionine:phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase

Networked: 69 relevant articles (0 outcomes, 4 trials/studies)

Bio-Agent Context: Research Results

Enzymes and Coenzymes
- Enzymes: 34502
  - Transferases: 4296
    - One-Carbon Group Transferases
      - Methyltransferases: 510
        Phenylethanolamine N-Methyltransferase: 69

Experts

1.	Wong, Dona L: 2 articles (09/2010 - 08/2006)
2.	Nyska, Abraham: 2 articles (01/2008 - 01/2003)
3.	Tischler, Arthur S: 2 articles (01/2008 - 01/2003)
4.	Comings, David E: 2 articles (03/2003 - 03/2002)
5.	Janiszewski, A: 1 article (04/2015)
6.	Kuropka, P: 1 article (04/2015)
7.	Dziegiel, P: 1 article (04/2015)
8.	Ponikowski, P: 1 article (04/2015)
9.	Zacharski, M: 1 article (04/2015)
10.	Bania, J: 1 article (04/2015)

Related Diseases

1.	Pheochromocytoma 12/01/1981 - "We evaluated the activity of phenylethanolamine-N-methyltransferase (PNMT) and dopamine-beta-hydroxylase (DBH) in 16 pheochromocytomas. " 12/01/1981 - "Phenylethanolamine-N-methyltransferase activity determines the epinephrine concentration of pheochromocytomas." 08/01/2006 - "Transcriptional regulation of phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase in pheochromocytomas from patients with von Hippel-Lindau syndrome and multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2." 01/01/2008 - "In this study, we studied 31 pheochromocytomas derived from test and control male and female rats in toxicologic studies for expression of the epinephrine-synthesizing enzyme phenylethanolamine-N-methyltransferase (PNMT) and the receptor tyrosine kinase Ret. " 07/01/2004 - "Advantages of the mouse lines include expression of substantial levels of the epinephrine-synthesizing enzyme, phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase and expression of high levels of the receptor tyrosine kinase, Ret, which is characteristic of sporadic and familial human pheochromocytomas but not of PC12 cells. "
2.	Hypoglycemia (Reactive Hypoglycemia) 06/01/2006 - "In studies of adrenal tissue from separate rats, antecedent hypoglycemia decreased adrenal EPI content but did not significantly alter the expression of TH, phosphorylated TH, or phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase. " 06/01/2006 - "We also examined the effect of antecedent hypoglycemia on phosphorylated and nonphosphorylated tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) protein expression as well as the expression of phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase. " 04/01/2006 - "Recurrent hypoglycemia further impairs epinephrine counterregulation and is also associated with reduced phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase mRNA. " 01/01/1986 - "Adrenal phenylethanolamine-N-methyltransferase activity in the young rat: influence of thyroid hormones and insulin-induced hypoglycemia." 01/01/2013 - "In vivo, up-regulation of transcripts encoding adrenomedullary CA-synthesizing enzymes (tyrosine hydroxylase, phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase) in response to both psychogenic and metabolic stressors (restraint and hypoglycemia) is PACAP-dependent. "
3.	Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 2a (MEN 2) 08/01/2006 - "Transcriptional regulation of phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase in pheochromocytomas from patients with von Hippel-Lindau syndrome and multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2." 08/01/2006 - "Pheochromocytomas in multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2 (MEN-2) express phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase (PNMT), the enzyme that catalyzes conversion of norepinephrine to epinephrine, whereas those in von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) syndrome do not. " 05/01/2001 - "This study examined the mechanisms linking different biochemical and clinical phenotypes of pheochromocytoma in multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2 (MEN 2) and von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) syndrome to underlying differences in the expression of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), the rate-limiting enzyme in catecholamine synthesis, and of phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase (PNMT), the enzyme that converts norepinephrine to epinephrine. "
4.	Lichen Planus (Lichen Ruber Planus) 02/01/1990 - "Phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase (PNMT)-like immunoreactivity has been found in psoriatic skin and in this study, PNMT-like immunoreactivity was investigated in the involved and uninvolved skin of six patients with lichen planus and four patients with lichen simplex. "
5.	Hypertension (High Blood Pressure) 11/01/2011 - "Phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase gene promoter haplotypes and risk of essential hypertension." 10/01/1995 - "Investigation of the phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase gene as a candidate gene for hypertension." 04/01/1993 - "Glucocorticoid hypertension and nonadrenal phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase." 01/01/1990 - "In experimental hypertension, phenylethanolamine-N-methyltransferase (PNMT) activity and adrenaline levels are elevated in brainstem centers involved in cardiovascular regulation. " 03/17/1980 - "Catecholamine-stimulated cyclic AMP formation in phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase containing brain stem nuclei of normal rats and of rats with spontaneous genetic hypertension."

Related Drugs and Biologics

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3.	Norepinephrine (Noradrenaline)
4.	Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-ret
5.	styrene-methylmethacrylate copolymer
6.	Enzymes
7.	Dopamine beta-Hydroxylase
8.	7,8- dichloro- 1,2,3,4- tetrahydroisoquinoline
9.	Messenger RNA (mRNA)
10.	Serotonin (5 Hydroxytryptamine)

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1.	Surgical Instruments (Clip)
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3.	Sympathectomy (Sympathectomies)
4.	Nephrectomy