Pericarditis

Inflammation of the PERICARDIUM from various origins, such as infection, neoplasm, autoimmune process, injuries, or drug-induced. Pericarditis usually leads to PERICARDIAL EFFUSION, or CONSTRICTIVE PERICARDITIS.

Also Known As:

Networked: 2768 relevant articles (208 outcomes, 226 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Disease Context: Research Results

Related Diseases

1.	Chest Pain (Chest Pains)
2.	Pleurisy (Pleuritis)
3.	Pericardial Effusion
4.	Cardiac Tamponade
5.	Myocardial Infarction

Experts

1.	Imazio, Massimo: 110 articles (06/2022 - 12/2003)
2.	Brucato, Antonio: 63 articles (04/2022 - 06/2004)
3.	Adler, Yehuda: 42 articles (10/2020 - 12/2002)
4.	Trinchero, Rita: 33 articles (12/2014 - 12/2003)
5.	Lazaros, George: 28 articles (11/2022 - 01/2011)
6.	Klein, Allan L: 23 articles (06/2022 - 02/2004)
7.	Spodick, David H: 23 articles (10/2016 - 07/2003)
8.	Abbate, Antonio: 18 articles (10/2022 - 10/2010)
9.	Belli, Riccardo: 16 articles (11/2016 - 12/2003)
10.	Maestroni, Silvia: 15 articles (09/2021 - 08/2008)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to Pericarditis:

1.	ColchicineFDA LinkGeneric 10/01/2009 - "Based on the proven efficacy of colchicine in preventing polyserositis in FMF, colchicine has been proposed for the treatment of recurrent pericarditis and is able to decrease the recurrence rate. " 01/01/2018 - "The acquisition of high quality scientific data in the course of time from prospective randomized placebo-controlled trials and metanalyses have established colchicine as first line treatment option in acute and recurrent pericarditis, on top of the conventional treatment. " 03/01/1994 - "We confirm the results of a previous trial which showed that colchicine may be beneficial in preventing the recurrence of pericarditis. " 01/01/2018 - "Shortly thereafter colchicine use has been expanded to the primary prevention of recurrences in patients with a first episode of pericarditis depicting similarly good results. " 02/01/2017 - "Colchicine has been suggested to be beneficial in preventing recurrent pericarditis. "
2.	Adrenal Cortex Hormones (Corticosteroids)IBA 10/05/2021 - "After the first episode of acute pericarditis, a non-negligible group of patients will fail to achieve complete remission despite treatment and will be challenged by side effects from the chronic use of medications like corticosteroids. " 01/01/2017 - "Corticosteroids probably reduce deaths from pericarditis (RR 0.39, 95% CI 0.19 to 0.80; 660 participants, 4 trials, moderate certainty evidence). " 11/01/2008 - "Although the exact number of responders is unknown, the drug has been successfully used for the treatment and prevention of recurrences and to taper corticosteroids in patients with recurrent pericarditis in several retrospective studies and an open-label, randomized trial, where the recurrence rate was halved in the treatment arm. " 12/01/1990 - "Treatment of patients with cardiac compression due to rheumatoid pericarditis may include a trial of systemically administered corticosteroids, but this should not delay surgical intervention for impending tamponade. " 04/20/2023 - "Mild pericarditis in an SLE case can be treated with corticosteroid administration. "
3.	Interleukin 1 Receptor Antagonist Protein (Anakinra)FDA Link 10/01/2022 - "Efficacy of Anakinra in Pericarditis: A Systematic Review." 01/01/2020 - "Anakinra is the first anti-IL-1 agent with well-documented efficacy and safety in adult and pediatric patients with idiopathic relapsing pericarditis. " 01/01/2020 - "We sought to evaluate the acute efficacy of anakinra given early in patients with acute pericarditis. " 01/01/2020 - "Anakinra also improved outcomes in patients with pericarditis, and it is now considered standard of care as second-line treatment for patients with recurrent/refractory pericarditis. " 04/01/2018 - "[Efficacy of anakinra as a treatment for recurrent pericarditis]."
4.	SteroidsIBA 04/01/2013 - "Steroids, the first-line treatment, are very effective in pleuropericarditis. " 01/01/2019 - "Steroids at low dose, did not act, surprisingly, as an independent risk factor for recurrences and therefore may be considered a successful and safe treatment for acute and recurrent idiopathic pericarditis." 01/01/2001 - "Non-steroid and steroid antiinflammatory drugs are effective for prophylaxis and treatment of pericarditis." 09/06/2023 - "We present a case of lymphocytic perimyocarditis masquerading as steroid-dependent recurrent pericarditis. " 09/06/2023 - "Lymphocytic Perimyocarditis Masquerading as Steroid-Dependent Recurrent Pericarditis."
5.	Interleukin-1 (Interleukin 1)IBA 01/01/2020 - "RECENT FINDINGS: Antagonism of the IL-1 is highly effective in idiopathic recurrent pericarditis with autoinflammatory features. " 01/01/2022 - "Following the 2015 European Society of Cardiology guidelines for the diagnosis and management of pericardial diseases, new clinical trials and registry data have emerged that demonstrate the efficacy of interleukin-1 blockers in recurrent pericarditis. " 01/01/2023 - "This study shows that most pediatric patients with recurrent pericarditis needing IL-1 blockade received an inadequate treatment with first-line agents. " 01/01/2018 - "Recent studies point at inhibition of IL-1 activity as an attractive treatment option for patients with refractory idiopathic recurrent pericarditis. " 10/14/2023 - "As a proof of this, IL-1 blockade has been proven efficacious in pericarditis and chronic coronary syndrome. "
6.	Anti-Bacterial Agents (Antibiotics)IBA 08/01/2014 - "This technique of fibrinolysis employed for 2 days was effective in managing the persistent purulent pericarditis when pericardial aspiration and intravenous and intrapericardial antibiotics failed. " 11/01/2023 - "Purulent pericarditis is rare in the modern era of antibiotics. " 04/01/2023 - "However, acute purulent pericarditis is exceedingly rare in the antibiotic era. " 09/29/2022 - "After the introduction of antibiotics, pneumococcal pericarditis has become a rare finding. " 03/05/2021 - "Acute purulent pericarditis treated conservatively with intrapericardial fibrinolysis and intrapericardial and systemic antibiotics."
7.	rilonaceptFDA Link 01/01/2021 - "The latest, the RHAPSODY study, based on the use of rilonacept in recurrent pericarditis, has recently reached phase 3 with promising results in terms of efficacy and safety. " 10/18/2022 - "Conclusions These results demonstrate the burden of pericarditis recurrences and the improved physical and emotional health of patients with recurrent pericarditis while on rilonacept treatment. " 10/18/2022 - "Interleukin-1 Trap Rilonacept Improved Health-Related Quality of Life and Sleep in Patients With Recurrent Pericarditis: Results From the Phase 3 Clinical Trial RHAPSODY." 01/01/2022 - "Rilonacept is an emerging novel agent for treating recurrent pericarditis, with phase II and III clinical trials recently published. " 01/01/2022 - "In the Phase III trial, rilonacept was associated with a lower risk of recurrence, more persistent clinical response, and higher amount of days with no or minimal pericarditis symptoms, compared with placebo. "
8.	Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Agents (NSAIDs)IBA 07/01/2003 - "Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) represent the mainstay of treatment of acute pericarditis. " 02/28/2004 - "Pericarditis is frequently self-limiting, and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents remain the first-line treatment for uncomplicated cases. " 01/01/2023 - "She was diagnosed with idiopathic acute pericarditis and treated with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). " 11/01/2019 - "Treatment failure with A/NSAIDs in acute pericarditis can be anticipated by certain patient characteristics. " 11/01/2019 - "In multivariate analysis, female sex (odds ratio [OR] =3.57, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.00-12.5), age (per decade, OR=0.75, 95% CI: 0.57-0.99), PR-segment depression (OR=4.43, 95% CI: 1.02-19.34), and a secondary cause of pericarditis (OR=13.52, 95% CI: 1.51-117.8) were independent predictors of poor response to A/NSAIDs and STCT. "
9.	Prednisone (Sone)FDA LinkGeneric 09/01/2005 - "Pericardiocentesis relieved the symptoms, but pericarditis recurred at a high dose of prednisone of 70 mg/day. " 01/01/2008 - "Prednisone eliminated postoperative AFL, affected all EP parameters studied, and attenuated the inflammatory response associated with pericarditis." 08/05/2008 - "One hundred patients with recurrent pericarditis (mean age, 50.1+/-15.8 years; 57 females) were included in the study; 49 patients (mean age, 47.5+/-16.0; 25 females) were treated with low doses of prednisone (0.2 to 0.5 mg . " 10/01/2019 - "Over the next several years, he had three recurrent episodes of pericarditis requiring re-initiation of prednisone with extensive investigations negative for rejection, autoimmune, and infectious causes. " 01/07/2019 - "He was initially treated with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and prednisone for pericarditis. "
10.	Interleukin-1 Receptors (Interleukin 1 Receptor)IBA 01/01/2023 - "This includes clinical trial evidence that newer medications targeting interleukin-1 receptors are effective in recurrent forms of pericarditis. " 01/01/2020 - "However, IL-1 receptor antagonists' position in the treatment algorithm of recurrent pericarditis needs further evaluation in larger prospective clinical trials to replicate initial findings as well as to assess safety, cost-effectiveness and long-term efficacy." 01/01/2021 - "Growing evidency suggest a place for IL-1 receptor antagonists in the treatment of recurrent pericarditis. " 01/01/2020 - "There has been growing interest in the use of interleukin-1 receptor antagonists (IL-1RAs) in managing pericarditis, especially, in medically refractory cases. " 01/01/2020 - "Usefulness of Interleukin-1 Receptor Antagonists in Patients With Recurrent Pericarditis."

Therapies and Procedures

1.	Therapeutics 01/01/2007 - "When the initial response to therapy is inadequate, the management of chronic or recurrent pericarditis is very difficult and also very important, with failure often leading to pericardial constriction, a difficult to treat complication of pericarditis." 01/01/2015 - "In acute pericarditis, echocardiography is the first-line test, but cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) may be beneficial in patients who fail to respond to therapy. " 09/01/2018 - "Medical therapy of pericardial diseases is moving forward to the road of evidence-based medicine and has improved in the last years because of the first randomized clinical trials in the area as well as new therapeutic options for recurrent pericarditis. " 04/01/2023 - "Further studies on obtaining accurate MIC values and use of AUC/MIC dosing for MRSA purulent pericarditis are prudent to provide appropriate therapy in these patients as mortality is high." 01/01/2023 - "A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials evaluating pharmacologic therapies for acute and recurrent pericarditis."
2.	Pericardiectomy 01/01/2017 - "This review covers the current practice of surgery for disease of the pericardium, with particular focus on the evolution of indications for pericardiectomy, new applications in inflammatory or relapsing pericarditis, and the progressive refinement in surgical technique and operative planning which have led to significantly improved outcomes in experienced centers." 07/01/2022 - "Novel teaching points are as follows: Pericardectomy is an efficient treatment for Aspergillus pericarditis. " 11/01/2012 - "In patients with chronic relapsing pericarditis in whom medical management has failed, surgical pericardiectomy is a safe and effective method of relieving symptoms." 11/01/2012 - "To determine whether surgical pericardiectomy is a safe and effective alternative to medical management for chronic relapsing pericarditis. " 09/01/1947 - "A case of purulent staphylococcal pericarditis cured by pericardotomy."
3.	Drug Therapy (Chemotherapy) 09/01/1992 - "We report a patient with purulent pericarditis caused by Candida albicans who was treated successfully with antifungal chemotherapy combined with a single pericardiocentesis that did not completely evacuate the pericardial space. " 12/01/2021 - "Current pharmacotherapy management of children and adults with pericarditis: Prospectus for improved outcomes." 04/01/2022 - "Advances in pharmacotherapy for acute and recurrent pericarditis." 12/01/2021 - "Pharmacotherapy has been historically reserved for idiopathic pericarditis (IP). " 03/20/2021 - "In this review, the goal is to elucidate the pathogenesis of pericarditis in IBD and determine if pericarditis is an extraintestinal manifestation of IBD or a complication of current drug therapy used to manage IBD. "
4.	Secondary Prevention 12/01/2014 - "Controlled clinical studies were searched in several databases and were included provided they focused on the pharmacologic primary or secondary prevention of pericarditis. " 07/01/2012 - "Controlled clinical studies were searched in several databases and were included provided they focused on the pharmacologic primary or secondary prevention of pericarditis. " 04/01/2012 - "Colchicine is safe and effective for secondary prevention of recurrent pericarditis." 10/04/2011 - "Colchicine is safe and effective for secondary prevention of recurrent pericarditis." 08/01/2014 - "A separate meta-analysis of five studies found a reduced risk of pericarditis with colchicine use, suggesting that the drug may have clinical utility in both primary and secondary prevention. "
5.	Catheters 01/01/2023 - "Stuck pericardial pigtail catheter in purulent pericarditis: early surgery?" 02/16/2018 - "We describe a case of polymicrobial bacterial pericarditis with Klebsiella pneumoniae and Proteus mirabilis, caused by pericardial penetration of the tip of the catheter of a laparoscopic adjustable gastric band (LAGB). " 11/01/2015 - "We recruited two cohorts of patients with TB pericarditis, and left a pigtail catheter in-situ for serial drug concentration measurements over 24 h. " 11/01/2007 - "Pericarditis is a potential complication of catheter-based percutaneous epicardial mapping and ablation. " 06/01/2006 - "Forty one Flextend catheters were implanted in 24 patients, without acute displacement or clinical pericarditis. "