Pericardial Effusion

Fluid accumulation within the PERICARDIUM. Serous effusions are associated with pericardial diseases. Hemopericardium is associated with trauma. Lipid-containing effusion (chylopericardium) results from leakage of THORACIC DUCT. Severe cases can lead to CARDIAC TAMPONADE.

Also Known As:

Networked: 1583 relevant articles (117 outcomes, 82 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Disease Context: Research Results

Related Diseases

1.	Cardiac Tamponade
2.	Atrial Fibrillation
3.	Myocarditis (Carditis)
4.	Carcinoma (Carcinomatosis)
5.	Body Weight (Weight, Body)

Experts

1.	Maisch, Bernhard: 14 articles (05/2013 - 05/2003)
2.	Pankuweit, Sabine: 11 articles (05/2013 - 05/2003)
3.	Maisch, B: 10 articles (12/2015 - 12/2000)
4.	Imazio, Massimo: 8 articles (11/2015 - 03/2004)
5.	Mayosi, Bongani M: 6 articles (01/2015 - 01/2008)
6.	Ristić, A D: 6 articles (11/2014 - 12/2000)
7.	Karatolios, Konstantinos: 6 articles (05/2013 - 12/2007)
8.	Ntsekhe, Mpiko: 5 articles (02/2013 - 01/2008)
9.	Szturmowicz, Monika: 5 articles (01/2012 - 01/2004)
10.	Pankuweit, S: 5 articles (06/2011 - 12/2000)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to Pericardial Effusion:

1.	ColchicineFDA LinkGeneric 01/01/2000 - "Colchicine: an effective treatment for refractory malignant pericardial effusion." 01/01/2011 - "Recent literature shows that colchicine therapy should be useful in the treatment of recurrent post surgical pericardial effusion. " 12/01/2015 - "Efficacy of colchicine versus placebo for the treatment of pericardial effusion after open-heart surgery: A randomized, placebo-controlled trial." 11/01/2015 - "Colchicine for postoperative pericardial effusion: a multicentre, double-blind, randomised controlled trial." 09/08/2015 - "Colchicine for Post-Operative Pericardial Effusion: Preliminary Results of the POPE-2 Study."
2.	Adrenal Cortex Hormones (Corticosteroids)IBA 10/01/2006 - "Treatment with corticosteroids resulted in remarkable improvement of symptoms and complete remission of pericardial effusion. " 04/01/2015 - "Early therapy with intravenous corticosteroids led to resolution of the pericardial effusion and significant clinical improvement. " 10/01/2006 - "At 4-months follow-up, while continuing anti-tuberculous therapy and corticosteroids, the patient showed consistent improvement without further recurrence of his pericardial effusion. " 08/01/2003 - "Severe progression with massive pericardial effusion necessitating risky pericardiocentesis can occur and therefore a therapy with high-dose corticosteroids should be considered early." 12/12/1997 - "The patient was given oral corticosteroids postoperatively and showed almost complete resolution of the pleural and pericardial effusions."
3.	Cisplatin (Platino)FDA LinkGeneric 02/14/2010 - "Pericardiocentesis with cisplatin for malignant pericardial effusion and tamponade." 09/01/2005 - "After the malignant aetiology of the pericardial effusion had been confirmed by cytological examination, cisplatin was instilled (10 mg in 20 ml normal saline) into the pericardial cavity during three consecutive days. " 08/01/2005 - "There was no recurrence of a relevant pericardial effusion in patients who were treated by intrapericardial instillation of cisplatin (30 mg/m2 body surface in 100 ml 0.9% NaCl). " 01/01/2004 - "Cisplatin administered directly into the pericardial space is a very effective and relatively safe method of treatment of recurrent malignant pericardial effusion, especially in the course of NSCLC." 01/01/2004 - "To evaluate the effectiveness and side effects of intrapericardial administration of cisplatin in prevention of recurrent malignant pericardial effusion. "
4.	PicibanilIBA 07/15/1991 - "These results suggest that intrapericardial administration of 5 KE of OK-432 is an effective and safe treatment for malignant pericardial effusion." 07/01/1990 - "We present here a case of spontaneous remission of malignant pericardial effusion after a single injection of OK-432 into the pericardial space." 12/01/2007 - "After another month, pericardial effusion around right heart appeared again and intrapericardial instillation with OK-432 (Picibanil) was tried. " 07/15/1991 - "Intrapericardial OK-432 instillation for the management of malignant pericardial effusion." 07/01/1990 - "Intracavitary injection of OK-432 for malignant pericardial effusion, a case report."
5.	MethylprednisoloneFDA LinkGeneric 09/01/2010 - "Early therapy with medium-dose methylprednisolone led to resolution of the pericardial effusion and significant clinical improvement. " 12/01/2014 - "Systolic dysfunction was improved and pericardial effusion disappeared with methylprednisolone treatment. " 05/01/2012 - "Methylprednisolone pulse therapy was ineffective and echocardiography showed massive pericardial effusion had persisted. " 02/01/2010 - "His clinical symptoms were resolved by methylprednisolone pulse therapy, but he subsequently progressed to develop pericardial effusion, pneumothorax and truncal panniculitis. " 01/01/2008 - "After withdrawal of carbamazepine and administration of methylprednisolone, all initial symptoms improved, white blood cell count normalized, pericardial effusion resolved and pathologic electrocardiogram findings resolved. "
6.	Bleomycin (Blenoxane)FDA LinkGeneric 11/01/1994 - "Intrapericardial bleomycin treatment was thus found to be effective on malignant pericardial effusions without any adverse effects. " 02/10/2009 - "Safety and efficacy of intrapericardial (i.p.c.) instillation of bleomycin (BLM) following pericardial drainage in patients with malignant pericardial effusion (MPE) remain unclear. " 11/01/1994 - "To examine the efficacy of bleomycin on the local control of malignant pericardial effusion, we prospectively conducted a clinical trial consisting of continuous pericardial drainage and a local instillation of bleomycin. " 06/01/2008 - "Both studies recommended Bleomycin to control malignant pericardial effusion. " 06/01/2008 - "Though bleomycin is the recommended drug for the initial sclerosing agent in malignant pericardial effusion, physicians should consider the status and the prognosis of each case in the treatment of malignant pericardial effusion."
7.	Prednisolone (Predate)FDA LinkGeneric 07/31/2007 - "We treated a patient whose initial manifestation of SLE was pericardial effusion causing CHF, which improved following prednisolone therapy that led to a dramatic decrease in pericardial effusion and improvement in left ventricular diastolic dysfunction as shown in Doppler echocardiography findings. " 01/01/2012 - "A short course of oral prednisolone saw her pericardial effusion and symptoms resolve completely." 03/01/2008 - "Pericardial effusion resolved with prednisolone therapy. " 02/01/2007 - "Herein, we present a case with recurrent pleural and pericardial effusion without apical fibrobullous disease who responded to prednisolone treatment well. " 04/01/2006 - "Ultimately, both pleural and pericardial effusions were controlled after the treatment with prednisolone at an initial dose of 50 mg per day. "
8.	OxygenIBA 07/15/1993 - "Patients with pericardial effusion (groups 2 and 3) had significantly greater pulmonary artery wedge pressure and more left ventricular segments with advanced asynergy than did those in group 1. Although there were no significant differences in pulmonary artery wedge pressure and number of left ventricular segments with advanced asynergy between groups 2 and 3, group 3 had significantly greater right atrial pressure, alveolar arterial oxygen difference and incidence of high radiographic score. " 06/01/2011 - "When the oxygen saturation levels of the pericardial effusion were lower than those of the arterial blood, we suspected the cardiac injury to be right-sided. " 02/01/1990 - "The presence of ventricular aneurysmal motion, left ventricular segments with advanced asynergy, and alveolar arterial oxygen difference were related to pericardial effusion with a pericardial rub. " 10/01/2014 - "He showed a dramatic clinical response; his saturation went up from 60% on admission to 90% on minimal oxygen with significant improvement in his symptoms and signs of heart failure and total resolution of pericardial effusion. " 12/01/2009 - "Early extracting of chest tubes after coronary artery bypass graft surgery when there is no significant drainage can lead to pain reduction and consuming oxygen is an effective measure after surgery toward healing; it doesn't increase the risk of creation of plural effusion and pericardial effusion."
9.	Thiotepa (Triethylenethiophosphoramide)FDA LinkGeneric 07/01/1998 - "A short course of intracavitary treatment with thiotepa is highly effective and well tolerated in the treatment of malignant pericardial effusion." 07/01/2006 - "Pericardiocentesis and intrapericardial instillation of thiotepa were effective in our case with pericardial effusions." 11/01/2004 - "This study was performed in order to investigate the long-term effects of intracavitary treatment with thiotepa in the reduction of pericardial effusion (PE) recurrences. " 11/01/2010 - "Pericardiocentesis is an active necessary approach, and intrapericardial treatment with thiotepa was able to reduce pericardial effusion and to prevent its reaccumulation. " 11/01/2004 - "Long-term results of intrapericardial chemotherapeutic treatment of malignant pericardial effusions with thiotepa."
10.	Diclofenac (SR 38)FDA LinkGeneric 02/02/2010 - "To assess whether the NSAID diclofenac is effective in reducing postoperative pericardial effusion volume. " 08/01/2002 - "The results of the present study suggest that diclofenac, even if without a striking effect, may lessen the degree of inflammatory reaction after cardiac surgery and may be useful in the prevention and in the management of early pericardial effusion after cardiac surgery." 01/01/2015 - "Patients given diclofenac had a significantly lower incidence of pericardial effusion (15% vs. 30%) (P=0.01). " 02/02/2010 - "The initial mean pericardial effusion grade was 2.58 (SD, 0.73) for the placebo group and 2.75 (SD, 0.81) for the diclofenac group. " 08/01/2002 - "However, there was a higher rate of significant pericardial effusion (grade I-III) in the control group as compared with the diclofenac-treated group (52.6% vs 31.8%, p=ns). "

Therapies and Procedures

1.	Pericardiectomy 05/01/2004 - "Primary pericardiotomy was successful after the initial procedure in 82% (n = 14) of these patients, so it appears to be an effective non-surgical procedure for patients at high risk for re-accumulation of pericardial effusions. " 10/15/1995 - "Subxyphoid pericardiotomy proved to be a safe and effective intervention that successfully relieved pericardial effusions in 99% of cases with recurrence and reoperation rates of 9% and 7%, respectively. " 11/01/1993 - "We report a case of recurrent malignant pericardial effusion treated successfully with percutaneous balloon pericardiotomy, a relatively new technique avoiding the need for surgery." 05/01/2013 - "Percutaneous balloon pericardiotomy is a simple, safe technique that can be effective in the prevention of recurrence in many patients with severe malignant pericardial effusion. " 04/01/1998 - "Pericardiectomy is quite effective in patients with symptomatic pericardial effusion or constriction. "
2.	Drug Therapy (Chemotherapy) 07/01/2011 - "The complete remission rate (CR) of malignant pericardial effusion was 54.3% and the response rate (RR) was 91.4% in the combined therapy group, while the rates of CR and RR of chemotherapy group were 25.0% and 70.0%, and the differences of CR and RR between the two groups were significant (P<0.05). " 03/01/1984 - "The patient's condition improved after surgical treatment and shows no sign of recurrence of pericardial effusion after more than eight months of systemic chemotherapy. " 10/01/2001 - "This case suggests that intrapericardial chemotherapy is effective for malignant pericardial effusion." 01/01/1985 - "Radiation therapy in the cardiac area with or without systemic chemotherapy is effective in decreasing the amount and the recurrence of neoplastic pericardial effusion." 04/01/2009 - "Throughout the first chemotherapy sequence, we observed a spontaneous return to a sinusal rhythm, and the cardiac MRI showed a regression of the myocardial infiltration and of the pericardial effusion; moreover, the patient's state improved and the peripheral lymph nodes shrank back to a normal size. "
3.	Catheters 12/01/1987 - "Most pericardial effusions can be successfully treated with pericardiocentesis and catheter drainage, provided the drainage is continued reliably and safely for several days. " 09/01/2006 - "Percutaneous catheter drainage (PCD) is not always effective in a case of hemopericardium. " 03/01/2000 - "Echocardiographically guided pericardiocentesis with extended catheter drainage appears to be safe and effective for both primary and secondary management of pericardial effusion in patients with malignancy." 07/01/1991 - "Percutaneous ultrasonically guided and fluoroscopically controlled placement of a pericardial catheter is safe and effective for treatment and diagnosis of pericardial effusions." 11/01/1990 - "Pericardiocentesis, performed with echocardiographic guidance and followed by percutaneous catheter drainage for several days, is safe and effective in neoplastic pericardial effusion. "
4.	Coronary Artery Bypass (Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery) 01/01/2009 - "The aim of this study was to demonstrate effects of simvastatine on postoperative treatment, laboratory findings and pericardial effusion during postoperative period, in patients after aortocoronary bypass grafting procedures. " 05/01/2013 - "Here we present a case of a 61-year-old male patient with late-onset postoperative chylopericardium following combined coronary artery bypass grafting and mitral valve surgery, and the applied treatment modality. " 05/01/2013 - "Delayed chylopericardium as a rare complication after combined mitral valve and coronary artery bypass surgery." 11/01/2011 - "We present a case of isolated chylopericardium that appeared after coronary artery bypass grafting in a 46-year-old woman. " 06/01/2011 - "We describe a case of continuous and severely symptomatic chylous pericardial effusion after coronary artery bypass grafting in which the diagnosis was established by lipid electrophoresis. "
5.	Decompression 05/01/2004 - "We hypothesize that gradual decompression of a chronic pericardial effusion might be beneficial in patients at risk." 01/01/1988 - "Subxiphoid pericardial decompression is a simple, safe and effective procedure in the management of pericardial effusion. " 07/01/2012 - "Transthoracic echocardiography revealed decompression of the right ventricle resulting from pericardial effusion. " 05/01/2008 - "The early effective decompression method is associated with an increased rate of ROSC for OHCA patients with nontraumatic hemopericardium. " 06/01/1985 - "Emergency subxiphoid pericardial decompression for malignant pericardial effusion."