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Periapical Diseases

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Diseases of the PERIAPICAL TISSUE surrounding the root of the tooth, which is distinguished from DENTAL PULP DISEASES inside the TOOTH ROOT.

Also Known As:

Disease, Periapical; Diseases, Periapical; Periapical Disease

Networked: 54 relevant articles (1 outcomes, 7 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Disease Context: Research Results

Stomatognathic Diseases: 372
- Mouth Diseases: 60
  - Periodontal Diseases: 5219
    - Periapical Diseases: 54
      - Periapical Periodontitis: 396
      - Radicular Cyst: 220
- Jaw Diseases: 7
  - Periapical Diseases: 54
    - Periapical Periodontitis: 396
    - Radicular Cyst: 220

Related Diseases

1.	Periodontal Diseases (Periodontal Disease)
2.	Tooth Wear
3.	Tooth Loss
4.	Alveolar Bone Loss
5.	Wounds and Injuries (Trauma)

Experts

1.	Aghaloo, Tara L: 3 articles (12/2014 - 07/2013)
2.	Tetradis, Sotirios: 3 articles (12/2014 - 07/2013)
3.	Bezouglaia, Olga: 3 articles (12/2014 - 07/2013)
4.	Cheong, Simon: 3 articles (12/2014 - 07/2013)
5.	Pirih, Flavia Q: 2 articles (04/2014 - 07/2013)
6.	Dry, Sarah M: 2 articles (04/2014 - 07/2013)
7.	Atti, Elisa: 2 articles (04/2014 - 07/2013)
8.	Torabinejad, Mahmoud: 1 article (07/2015)
9.	Handysides, Robert: 1 article (07/2015)
10.	Turman, Michael: 1 article (07/2015)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to Periapical Diseases:

1.	CytokinesIBA 04/01/2013 - "Further studies are necessary to elucidate the signaling pathways mediated by these cytokines and to facilitate the development of more effective periapical disease management strategies." 02/01/2002 - "Periapical exudate levels of both cytokines failed to reflect periapical disease state." 01/01/2008 - "Chronic infection could affect general health by increasing the production of cytokines such as interleukin-6 (IL-6) that probably play a role in pathogenesis of pulpal and periapical diseases. "
2.	Dinoprostone (PGE2)FDA Link 11/01/2005 - "The periapical exudate NE and PGE2 levels may regulate periapical disease expression, but the results of this study were unable to reveal this association." 12/01/1997 - "These results suggest the central roles of PGE2 in regulatory mechanisms for the expression of periapical disease."
3.	Calcium HydroxideIBA 03/01/2000 - "[Mechanisms of bone repairment in periapical diseases: studies on adjusting bone metabolism with calcium hydroxide in vitro]." 04/01/1973 - "IV. Effect of debridement procedures and calcium hydroxide-camphorated parachlorophenol paste in the treatment of experimentally induced pulp and periapical disease."
4.	AntralIBA 03/01/2006 - "Recent studies postulate that the proximity of the antral teeth to the maxillary sinus should not be viewed as a contraindication to periapical surgery, and recommend such surgery in teeth with chronic periapical disease that are refractory to conventional endodontic management, despite the proximity of the maxillary sinus." 02/01/1994 - "The radiographic evidence of pathological changes associated with the endo-antral syndrome coupled with diffuse pulpal calcifications facilitated the diagnosis of chronic pulpal periapical disease. "
5.	Keratins (Keratin)IBA 05/01/1991 - "Epithelial lining of sinus tracts associated with periapical disease: an immunocytochemical study using monoclonal antibodies to keratins."
6.	Monoclonal AntibodiesIBA 05/01/1991 - "Epithelial lining of sinus tracts associated with periapical disease: an immunocytochemical study using monoclonal antibodies to keratins."
7.	coronal Dentin dysplasiaIBA 07/01/2005 - "Seven radiographic parameters were used in the study: tooth loss, occlusal tooth wear, pulp stones, carious teeth, periapical disease, tooth restoration, and alveolar bone loss associated with periodontal disease. "
8.	recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2IBA 06/01/2005 - "[Animal experimental study of the treatment of periapical disease with recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 composite]."
9.	OsteoprotegerinIBA 02/01/2013 - "The receptor activator of NF-κB ligand-osteoprotegerin system in pulpal and periapical disease." 04/01/2014 - "Here, we tested the ability of the receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL) inhibitors RANK-Fc (composed of the extracellular domain of RANK fused to the fragment crystallizable [Fc] portion of immunoglobulin G [IgG]) and OPG-Fc (composed of the RANKL-binding domains of osteoprotegerin [OPG] linked to the Fc portion of IgG) to induce ONJ in mice in the presence of periapical disease, but in the absence of dental extractions. "
10.	Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinases (TIMP)IBA 12/01/2006 - "The underlying hypothesis is that the balance between MMP and TIMP secretion is the key to an understanding of the host degradative pathways involved in the pathogenesis of bacterial derived pulpal and periapical diseases. " 12/01/2009 - "Sonic extracts from a bacterium related to periapical disease activate gelatinase A and inactivate tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases TIMP-1 and TIMP-2."

Therapies and Procedures

1.	Root Canal Therapy 06/01/2010 - "Root canal therapy is currently the most effective treatment for pulpal and periapical diseases. " 01/01/2015 - "Root canal therapy is currently the main method to treat pulpal and periapical diseases. " 01/01/1980 - "[Root canal therapy--understanding and evaluating the conditions of periapical diseases]." 06/01/1995 - "[The application of spiromycin and metronidazole paste in empty root canal therapy of periapical diseases in the elderly.]."
2.	Retreatment 07/01/2015 - "Although nonsurgical initial root canal treatment and retreatment have high success rates, periapical disease can remain. " 01/01/2007 - "Is surgical treatment more effective than nonsurgical treatment when patients need retreatment of periapical disease?"
3.	Tooth Extraction (Tooth Extractions) 02/01/2015 - "Facing the classic protocols of implant insertion, which recommend a period of several months between extraction and implant placement, alternatives have been developed that demonstrate that immediate implant placement after tooth extraction permits adequate osseointegration, even in those cases where there is a periapical disease. " 12/01/2014 - "Bisphosphonate uptake in areas of tooth extraction or periapical disease." 12/01/2014 - "The authors tested the uptake of fluorescein-labeled zoledronic acid (5-FAM-ZOL) in sites of tooth extraction or experimental periapical disease in mice. "
4.	Inlays (Inlay) 11/01/2011 - "Microcomputed tomography analysis of teeth of the ancient Maya civilization showed that the inlay cavities cut reached the pulp chamber in the maxillary incisors and premolar teeth, with the potential to cause pulp and periapical disease." 09/01/2003 - "Technical failures or dislodgments of the inlays were recorded, as well as clinical and radiographic signs of periodontal and periapical diseases or caries lesions. "
5.	Endodontics 02/01/2011 - "Bacteria are the prime cause of periapical diseases and root canal microbiology is a well-researched area of endodontics. " 09/01/2012 - "The MeSH terms were 'Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT)', 'Radiography, panoramic', 'Periapical diseases', 'Dental pulp diseases', 'Sensitivity and specificity', 'receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve', 'Cadaver', 'Endodontics' and 'Radiography dental'. "