Peptic Ulcer (Peptic Ulcers)

Ulcer that occurs in the regions of the GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT which come into contact with GASTRIC JUICE containing PEPSIN and GASTRIC ACID. It occurs when there are defects in the MUCOSA barrier. The common forms of peptic ulcers are associated with HELICOBACTER PYLORI and the consumption of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDS).

Also Known As:

Networked: 7831 relevant articles (428 outcomes, 784 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Disease Context: Research Results

Related Diseases

1.	Hemorrhage
2.	Ulcer
3.	Dyspepsia (Indigestion)
4.	Stomach Ulcer (Gastric Ulcer)
5.	Duodenal Ulcer (Curling's Ulcer)

Experts

1.	Lanas, Angel: 23 articles (10/2015 - 09/2002)
2.	Lin, Hwai-Jeng: 20 articles (01/2013 - 04/2002)
3.	Sung, Joseph J Y: 14 articles (07/2014 - 02/2003)
4.	Shiotani, Akiko: 13 articles (01/2015 - 11/2002)
5.	Graham, David Y: 11 articles (10/2015 - 11/2002)
6.	Lanas, A: 11 articles (05/2015 - 09/2000)
7.	Haruma, Ken: 11 articles (12/2014 - 01/2009)
8.	Hsu, Ping-I: 10 articles (08/2015 - 12/2004)
9.	Chan, Francis K L: 10 articles (07/2014 - 09/2002)
10.	Chang, Full-Young: 10 articles (01/2013 - 04/2002)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to Peptic Ulcer:

1.	Omeprazole (Esomeprazole)FDA LinkGeneric 08/01/1999 - "Omeprazole triple therapy is highly effective in patients with active or healed peptic ulcer disease, and is well tolerated." 06/01/1990 - "It is concluded that omeprazole is highly effective in healing refractory peptic ulcers." 02/01/1987 - "It is therefore concluded that omeprazole is highly effective in healing refractory peptic ulcers and that omeprazole maintenance therapy may be useful for prevention of relapse. " 05/01/1998 - "Both standard and high doses of omeprazole are equally safe and effective regimens for the treatment of NSAID-induced gastroduodenal ulcers when anti-inflammatory treatment is not discontinued." 04/01/2012 - "Prophylaxis with omeprazole is effective for the prevention of gastroduodenal ulcers, maintenance of remission and alleviation of dyspeptic symptoms in NSAID recipients. "
2.	Cimetidine (Biomet)FDA LinkGeneric 04/01/1994 - "We conclude that twice-daily cimetidine at a dosage of 20 mg/kg/day is as effective for the symptomatic improvement and healing of peptic ulcer as the conventional three- or four-times-daily regimens. " 10/01/1988 - "It is concluded that long-term use of cimetidine is effective in the management of peptic ulcer disease, and continuous treatment for up to 6 years has not revealed any previously unknown hazard." 06/01/1986 - "Both are endocrinopathies that require doses of cimetidine in excess of that normally considered therapeutic for peptic ulcer disease. " 02/01/1978 - "Cimetidine: a review of its pharmacological properties and therapeutic efficacy in peptic ulcer disease." 10/01/1983 - "An open study was conducted to assess the efficacy of Cimetidine one gram daily in the treatment of peptic ulcer amongst outpatients in Singapore. "
3.	Ranitidine (Zantac)FDA LinkGeneric 09/01/1985 - "Ranitidine 300 mg hs appears to be equally safe and effective as the standard regimen of 150 mg bid in the short-term treatment of uncomplicated gastroduodenal ulcer." 06/01/1984 - "Ranitidine--new relief for peptic ulcers." 11/01/2006 - "We conducted a literature review of clinical trials examining use of ranitidine 150 mg twice daily to heal gastroduodenal ulcers (GU) in NSAID recipients. " 03/01/1991 - "The study shows that ranitidine 150 mg twice daily effectively heals NSAID associated peptic ulcers. " 03/01/1991 - "In a multicentre study the effect of ranitidine on healing non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) associated peptic ulcers was compared in a group of patients who had stopped NSAID treatment with another group who continued with NSAID treatment. "
4.	Proton Pump InhibitorsIBA 01/01/1999 - "Both H(2)-receptor antagonists and proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) appear to be helpful in relieving the symptoms associated with NSAID use, while treatment of NSAID-induced gastroduodenal ulcers, whether the NSAID is continued or not, is best achieved by the use of PPIs. " 01/01/1992 - "These results suggest that proton pump inhibitors are highly effective in the treatment of peptic ulcer resistant to H2-receptor antagonists." 11/01/2010 - "There has been a marked decrease in elective surgery for peptic ulcer disease following introduction of medical therapies including H2-receptor antagonists (H2-RA) and proton pump inhibitors (PPI). " 04/01/1998 - "Proton pump inhibitors have been found to be effective in numerous studies in patients with peptic ulcer disease, particularly associated with Helicobacter pylori and gastro-oesophogeal reflux disorders. " 05/21/2010 - "The proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) as a class are remarkably safe and effective for persons with peptic ulcer disorders. "
5.	Epinephrine (Adrenaline)FDA LinkGeneric 02/01/1995 - "A prospective randomized trial was performed to assess the efficacy of the combined therapy of endoscopic injection of adrenaline and heater probe application in the management of patients with major peptic ulcer haemorrhage. " 02/01/1995 - "Combination therapy using adrenaline and heater probe to reduce rebleeding in patients with peptic ulcer haemorrhage: a prospective randomized trial." 06/01/2004 - "Endoscopic injection therapy with epinephrine reduces operation rates and can be used safely in adequate hemostasis of gastroduodenal ulcers." 01/01/2003 - "For peptic ulcer, injection of larger volumes of epinephrine (adrenaline; mean 16.5 ml) are more effective than small volumes (mean 8 ml). " 06/01/2002 - "Seventy nine patients had a peptic ulcer with stigmata of recent haemorrhage (SRH) but only 61 (77%) of these patients received endoscopic haemostasis (77% adrenaline, 23% combination therapy). "
6.	Sucralfate (Carafate)FDA LinkGeneric 06/01/1985 - "Sucralfate is an effective medication in preventing the recurrence of peptic ulcer. " 01/01/1981 - "Its therapeutic efficacy, combined with the fact that it is well tolerated and free of serious systemic effects, enhances sucralfate's therapeutic clinical usefulness in the treatment of peptic ulcer disease." 01/01/1987 - "International studies have shown sucralfate to be a safe and effective short- and long-term treatment for patients with peptic ulcer. " 01/01/1989 - "[A comparative evaluation of the efficacy of sucralfate and H2-histamine blockaders in treating peptic ulcer]." 08/29/1988 - "[Multicenter clinical studies of the effectiveness of sucralfate in the treatment of peptic ulcer]."
7.	Proton Pumps (Proton Pump)IBA 11/01/2011 - "Management of these factors may prove effective in managing marginal ulcers, and tailoring postoperative proton pump inhibitor therapy to patients with multiple risk factors could be effective." 09/01/2005 - "Review: 7-day proton-pump inhibitor-based triple therapy is as effective as > 7 days of the same regimen for healing Helicobacter pylori-associated peptic ulcer." 11/01/2010 - "Proton pump inhibitor (PPI) is an effective and safe medication for the elderly people for the treatment of peptic ulcer disease. " 06/15/2005 - "Two studies with a total of 385 patients compared eradication vs. a proton pump inhibitor; five of 196 (2.6%) developed a peptic ulcer in the eradicated group vs. zero of 189 (0%) in the proton pump inhibitor group (odds ratio = 7.43; 95% confidence interval: 1.27-43.6). " 01/01/1999 - "pylori eradication for the treatment of peptic ulcer disease, a randomized controlled trial to compare the efficacy of proton pump inhibitor-based dual and triple regimens was conducted. "
8.	Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Agents (NSAIDs)IBA 08/01/2005 - "The persisting high incidence of peptic ulcer disease is a superimposing of two trends: a higher incidence in the growing population of elderly patient with a higher intake of NSAIDs and a lower incidence among younger patients due to a decrease in incidence and improved medical treatment." 12/01/2009 - "PPI therapy is effective for both the prevention and treatment of NSAIDs-induced peptic ulcer. " 09/01/2013 - "Experiments using animal peptic ulcer models showed that the lipid fraction in foods from the staple diets of low prevalence areas gave protection against both gastric and duodenal ulceration, including ulceration due to non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), and also promoted healing of ulceration. " 05/01/2010 - "A recent Japanese study indicated that the number of COX-1-1676T alleles was a significant risk factor for peptic ulcer in users of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). " 09/01/2006 - "This study examined the association between exposure to nonselective NSAIDs and hospitalization for peptic ulcer disease (PUD) among older adults in Argentina. "
9.	Famotidine (Pepcid)FDA LinkGeneric 10/01/1994 - "Twice daily administration of 0.5 mg/kg famotidine for 8 weeks appears to be a tolerated and effective treatment of children with gastroduodenal ulcers." 07/01/2009 - "The study aim was to evaluate the efficacy of famotidine in Japanese patients with peptic ulcers; it was analyzed the pooled data from previously conducted clinical trials in Japan. " 08/01/1996 - "In that study, the maximal dosage of famotidine was limited to 40 mg/day, the recommended maximal dosage for the treatment of peptic ulcer disease. " 01/01/1993 - "Our study shows that the pharmacokinetics of famotidine in patients with reflux oesophagitis is comparable to that in healthy volunteers and peptic ulcer patients. " 04/01/2014 - "Famotidine (FM) is a potent H2-receptor antagonist used for the treatment of peptic ulcer. "
10.	Histamine (Histamine Dihydrochloride)FDA Link 06/23/1984 - "The treatment of peptic ulcer disease has been revolutionized for both the physician and the surgeon by the development of the histamine H2-antagonists, which have become the 'gold standard' for peptic ulcer therapy. " 05/01/2005 - "The aim of this study was to determine the presentation, treatment, and outcome of children requiring surgery for peptic ulcer disease (PUD) in the post-histamine 2 -blocker era. " 01/01/1989 - "The present study was done to evaluate the role of circulating histamine in peptic ulcer disease using a sensitive and specific radioimmunoassay method. " 01/01/1988 - "This method may be useful for assessing patient compliance in taking the drug: this will allow the gastroenterologist to distinguish patients with true relapses of peptic ulcer disease from false relapses, in clinical trials using this histamine H2-inhibitor." 06/01/1987 - "Reliability and practicability of the fluorometric-fluoroenzymatic histamine determination in pathogenetic studies on peptic ulcer: detection limits and problems with specificity."

Therapies and Procedures

1.	Electrocoagulation (Electrocautery) 07/01/1990 - "We conducted a prospective randomised controlled trial of 137 patients with massive peptic ulcer haemorrhage over a period of 12 months to compare the haemostatic effects of endoscopic heat probe thermocoagulation and pure alcohol injection. " 07/01/1990 - "Heat probe thermocoagulation and pure alcohol injection in massive peptic ulcer haemorrhage: a prospective, randomised controlled trial." 11/01/1985 - "The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and the safety of liquid monopolar electrocoagulation in the endoscopic control of major haemorrhage from peptic ulcers. " 08/26/2011 - "Heater probe thermocoagulation for high-risk patients who show rebleeding from peptic ulcers." 07/01/1990 - "We suggest that heat probe thermocoagulation should be the first treatment of choice for arrest of massive peptic ulcer haemorrhage."
2.	Endoscopic Hemostasis 05/01/2003 - "Endoscopic hemostasis: safe treatment for peptic ulcer patients aged 80 years or older?" 09/01/2012 - "In this study, the aim was to determine the demographic characteristics of elderly patients with gastroduodenal ulcer who had undergone endoscopic hemostasis by comparing them with younger patients. " 10/01/2015 - "A total of 14,569 elderly patients (≥80 years) who were treated by endoscopic hemostasis for hemorrhagic peptic ulcer were referred to 1073 hospitals between 2010 and 2012 in Japan. " 11/01/2014 - "Peptic ulcer rebleeding (PUR) usually occurs within three days following endoscopic hemostasis. " 10/01/2014 - "We tried to verify whether the use of antithrombotics affects rebleeding rate after a successful endoscopic hemostasis for peptic ulcer disease (PUD). "
3.	Vagotomy 11/01/1977 - "In the treatment of peptic gastroduodenal ulcers the modified vagomotor electrotest according to Burge has yielded remarkably good results as an intraoperative test for the completeness of proximal selective vagotomy (PSV). " 03/01/1988 - "Early postoperative studies of stimulated gastric acid secretion have led to improved surgical performance during trials of operations using vagotomy for control of peptic ulcer disease. " 03/01/1991 - "The authors generalize the material on the surgical treatment of 151 patients who were operated on for complicated gastroduodenal ulcers by means of an improved method of tubular resection of the stomach with selective vagotomy, subtotal excision of the lesser curvature, and the formation of a ++post-colonic rectangular gastroenteroanastomosis on a short loop with oblique division of the jejunum. " 12/01/1989 - "The results obtained in this study show that oxyntic cell vagotomy with simple closure of the perforation may be the technique of choice in the treatment of perforated duodenal peptic ulcer, which is why we think is should be more extensively used in emergency services." 05/01/1987 - "[Results of roentgenologic studies of the stomach and duodenum of peptic ulcer patients following vagotomy]."
4.	Light Coagulation 05/17/1986 - "The efficacy of Nd-YAG laser photocoagulation in the endoscopic control of haemorrhage from peptic ulcers was shown in a controlled trial. " 01/01/1985 - "58 patients were found to have peptic ulcers, of which 42 had stigmata of recent haemorrhage accessible to laser photocoagulation. " 12/01/1993 - "Clinical trials indicate that laser photocoagulation, multipolar and heater probe coagulation, and injection therapy are all effective in decreasing bleeding from peptic ulcer disease. " 05/17/1986 - "Controlled trial of Nd-YAG laser photocoagulation in bleeding peptic ulcers." 06/25/1987 - "We conclude that Nd:YAG-laser photocoagulation does not benefit patients with acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding from peptic ulcers."
5.	Solid-State Lasers 05/17/1986 - "The efficacy of Nd-YAG laser photocoagulation in the endoscopic control of haemorrhage from peptic ulcers was shown in a controlled trial. " 06/01/1987 - "It is concluded that both YAG laser and BICAP are highly and equally effective in the treatment of severe bleeding from peptic ulcers. " 05/01/1990 - "This trial has confirmed the efficacy of the Nd YAG laser but not that of the heater probe in the prevention of rebleeding from recently bleeding peptic ulcers." 05/01/1990 - "Randomized comparison of Nd YAG laser, heater probe, and no endoscopic therapy for bleeding peptic ulcers." 06/01/1985 - "Comparison of heater probe and YAG laser in endoscopic treatment of major bleeding from peptic ulcers."