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Pentazocine (Talwin)

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The first mixed agonist-antagonist analgesic to be marketed. It is an agonist at the kappa and sigma opioid receptors and has a weak antagonist action at the mu receptor. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1991, p97)

Also Known As:

Talwin; Fortral; Lexir; Pentazocine Hydrochloride; Pentazocine Lactate; Hydrochloride, Pentazocine; Lactate, Pentazocine; 2,6-Methano-3-benzazocin-8-ol, 1,2,3,4,5,6-hexahydro-6,11-dimethyl-3-(3-methyl-2-butenyl)-, (2alpha,6alpha,11R*)-

Networked: 521 relevant articles (27 outcomes, 53 trials/studies)

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Drug Context: Research Results

Experts

1.	Nonaka, Akihiko: 6 articles (08/2008 - 02/2005)
2.	Abe, Fumiaki: 6 articles (08/2008 - 02/2005)
3.	Suzuki, Satomi: 6 articles (08/2008 - 02/2005)
4.	Smith, Sylvia B: 5 articles (06/2014 - 04/2004)
5.	Ganapathy, Vadivel: 4 articles (01/2011 - 04/2004)
6.	Staud, Roland: 3 articles (03/2013 - 05/2004)
7.	Glover, Toni L: 3 articles (03/2013 - 05/2004)
8.	Fillingim, Roger B: 3 articles (03/2013 - 05/2004)
9.	Dun, Ying: 3 articles (01/2011 - 10/2007)
10.	Sun, Shijie: 3 articles (06/2010 - 10/2006)

Related Diseases

1.	Pain (Aches) 06/01/1989 - "It is concluded that intrathecal pentazocine is safe and effective for post-operative pain relief and 3 mg is the minimum effective dose without side effect." 01/01/1988 - "In order to assess the efficacy of this technique on pain occurring after such surgery, the demand of pentazocine during the first 24 postoperative hours was studied in 39 patients randomly assigned to two groups. " 07/01/2015 - "Therefore, the present study was performed to investigate the effects of pain on the acquisition of the rewarding effects of (±)-pentazocine, and to examine the mechanism of the rewarding effects of (±)-pentazocine using the conditioned place preference paradigm. " 08/01/1993 - "In clinical trials, analgesic compounds containing pentazocine have been shown to effectively relieve moderate-to-severe pain. " 03/01/1979 - "[Effect of Fortral on pain sensitivity and local vascular reactivity (a clinical pharmacological study)]."
2.	Postoperative Pain 03/01/2006 - "Subcutaneous PCA of pentazocine is a simple, safe, and effective method to control postoperative pain after major abdominal surgery. " 02/01/1966 - "[Trials with Pentazocine in postoperative pain. " 07/01/1991 - "Nineteen of 68 patients (27.9%) required postoperative pain medication (pentazocine 15 mg, i.m.). " 04/01/1988 - "Effect on intrathecal pentazocine on postoperative pain relief." 01/01/1987 - "Of the five patients in the control group, an average (+/- SD) dose of 90 +/- 23.7 mg of pentazocine was required to achieve adequate postoperative pain relief. "
3.	Neoplasms (Cancer) 05/01/1992 - "The present results indicate that the cytotoxicity of thymic CR lymphocytes is enhanced by pentazocine possibly through the increase in the proportion of the lymphocyte-conjugated tumor cells but enhanced not by the other drugs." 05/01/1992 - "The proportion of the lymphocyte-conjugated tumor cells was significantly increased when the mixture of CR lymphocytes and tumor cells was incubated in the presence of pentazocine. " 05/01/1992 - "Five weeks after inoculation, the percentage of mice developing a solid tumor among the recipients given the pentazocine-treated cell mixture of tumor cells and thymic CR lymphocytes was significantly smaller than the percentage in recipients given the cell mixture treated with or without other drugs (percent tumor takes: 21% and about 80%, respectively). " 10/01/1981 - "The average survival time in a group of mice given the tumor cells alone was about 19 days, and the survival time was about 29 days in a group of animals treated with pentazocine in a dose of 80 mg/kg/day (p less than 0.01)." 10/01/1981 - "Mice inoculated intraperitoneally with Ehrlich tumor cells in BSS (2 x 10(6) cells/mouse) were given various doses of pentazocine (20-80 mg/kg/day) intraperitoneally once a day for 5 successive days. "
4.	Wounds and Injuries (Trauma) 10/01/2005 - "The requirement of rescue analgesic (pentazocine) was significantly less (P < 0.001) in wound instillation Groups A1 (13.80 mg +/- 13.64) and A2 (12.00 mg +/- 12.25) in comparison to non wound instillation Groups B1 (35.60 mg +/- 14.02) and B2 (31.80 mg +/- 15.80). " 01/01/2015 - "Compared to pentazocine, ketamine was associated with improved blood pressure for patients with serious injuries. " 01/01/1987 - "From 1979 to 1983, 14 patients were treated at the University of Maryland Hospital for injuries sustained as a result of the injection of crushed pentazocine tablets partially dissolved in water into the arterial system of the upper extremity. " 01/01/1987 - "The treatment of intraarterial pentazocine injection injuries with intraarterial reserpine." 01/01/2015 - "This study aims to evaluate the effects of prehospital analgesia on physiologic trauma severity indicators and compare the effect of ketamine and pentazocine on those indicators. "
5.	Body Weight (Weight, Body) 01/01/2014 - "6.93 sec and 6.54 sec respectively at highest doses of 400 mg/kg body weight than lower dose while standard pentazocine showed reaction time of 7.62 sec. The AELS and AEAR extract also exhibited promising anti-inflammatory effect as demonstrated by statistically significant inhibition of paw volume by 32.48% and 26.75% respectively at the dose of 400 mg/kg body weight while the value at the dose of 200 mg/kg body weight were linear to higher dose at the 3rd hour of study. " 03/01/1994 - "Pentazocine was given during induction, dose being 0.5 mg/kg body weight intravenously. " 09/01/1988 - "The initial dose (1.8 mg/kg body weight) was increased daily by 1.2 mg of pentazocine, finishing with 23.4 mg/kg body weight. " 12/01/1983 - "The body weight losses by the injection of NB and pentazocine were to the same degree, and these changes were significantly different from that of the saline control. " 12/01/1983 - "In morphinized rats, the injection of BT or HB caused potent body weight loss, and these rats exhibited withdrawal syndrome which was more potent than that by pentazocine at the same dose. "

Related Drugs and Biologics

1.	Morphine (MS Contin)
2.	Meperidine (Pethidine)
3.	Butorphanol (BC 2627)
4.	Analgesics (Analgesic Drugs)
5.	Pentazocine (Talwin)
6.	Buprenorphine (Subutex)
7.	Meptazinol
8.	Acetaminophen (Paracetamol)
9.	Tramadol
10.	Naloxone (Narcan)

Related Therapies and Procedures

1.	Analgesia
2.	Cesarean Section (Caesarean Section)
3.	Spinal Injections
4.	Catheters
5.	Transplants (Transplant)