Pentachlorophenol (Sodium Pentachlorophenate)

An insecticide and herbicide that has also been used as a wood preservative. Pentachlorphenol is a widespread environmental pollutant. Both chronic and acute pentachlorophenol poisoning are medical concerns. The range of its biological actions is still being actively explored, but it is clearly a potent enzyme inhibitor and has been used as such as an experimental tool.

Also Known As:

Networked: 134 relevant articles (0 outcomes, 20 trials/studies)

Bio-Agent Context: Research Results

Experts

1.	Huang, Fen: 3 articles (04/2015 - 01/2013)
2.	Wang, Ying-Jan: 3 articles (03/2015 - 04/2003)
3.	Lin, Po-Hsiung: 3 articles (02/2005 - 11/2002)
4.	Zhang, Qinghe: 2 articles (04/2015 - 01/2015)
5.	Zhang, Qian: 2 articles (04/2015 - 01/2013)
6.	Zhang, Xiaowei: 2 articles (01/2014 - 04/2011)
7.	Giesy, John P: 2 articles (01/2014 - 04/2011)
8.	Whalen, Margaret M: 2 articles (08/2012 - 10/2004)
9.	Qu, Weidong: 2 articles (07/2012 - 03/2008)
10.	Zheng, Weiwei: 2 articles (07/2012 - 03/2008)

Related Diseases

1.	Neoplasms (Cancer) 01/01/2013 - "Pervious studies suggested occupational workers exposure to pentachlorophenol (PCP) might contribute to increased risk of cancer. " 01/01/2013 - "Historical long-term exposure to pentachlorophenol causing risk of cancer--a community study." 12/01/2008 - "Tetrachlorohydroquinone (TCHQ) is a toxic metabolite of pentachlorophenol (PCP) that was proven to be a tumor promoter in our previous study. " 08/01/2008 - "The pentachlorophenol studies presented considerable evidence pertaining to hematopoietic cancers, with strong associations seen in multiple studies, in different locations, and using different designs. " 03/01/2008 - "The epidemiological data based on the exposure of pentachlorophenol (PCP) and cancer incidence and mortality were analyzed to study the relationship between PCP exposure and cancer risk. "
2.	Poisoning 01/01/1978 - "A pharmacokinetic study of pentachlorophenol poisoning and the effect of forced diuresis." 02/01/1954 - "[Experimental sodium pentachlorophenate poisoning in the guinea pig; therapeutic trials]." 05/01/2004 - "The method has been proven useful in the forensic cases involved in the poisoning of pentachlorophenol." 01/01/2003 - "Pentachlorophenol poisoning." 07/01/2001 - "Assessment of pentachlorophenol-exposed timber workers using a test-of-poisoning model."
3.	Anoxia (Hypoxia) 07/01/1998 - "In contrast to expectations, pentachlorophenol pretreatment and moderate hypoxia were not additive in their effects. " 07/01/1998 - "Prolonged swimming, recovery and repeat swimming performance of mature sockeye salmon Oncorhynchus nerka exposed to moderate hypoxia and pentachlorophenol." 09/01/2013 - "In this study, we examined the influence of hypoxia (<30% O2) on contaminant uptake and the composition of intracellular metabolites in Lumbriculus variegatus exposed to benzo(a)pyrene (B(a)P, 3μgL(-1)), chlorpyrifos (CPF, 100μgL(-1)) or pentachlorophenol (PCP, 100μgL(-1)). " 01/01/1998 - "Consequently, the goal of this study was to compare AEC values, as measured by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), to free adenosine diphosphate (ADPfree) concentrations, as measured using the arginine kinase equilibrium reaction and in vivo 31P-NMR, in red abalone (Haliotis rufescens) in response to either hypoxia or toxicant (pentachlorophenol, or sodium azide) exposure. " 05/01/1971 - "1. In cats under methoxyflurane, DNP and other metabolic inhibitors were tested on cortical neurones by iontophoresis from micropipettes.2. DNP, dinitro-o-cresol, iodoacetate, pentachlorophenol and oligomycin (uncouplers or inhibitors of oxidative phosphorylation), as well as moderate anoxia, blocked selectively and reversibly spontaneous firing and discharges evoked by ACh; responses evoked by glutamate were facilitated by moderate doses of DNP and blocked only by large amounts.3. Azide, cyanide, ouabain and strophanthidine had a mainly excitatory effect; the cardiac glycosides tended to depress more strongly responses to glutamate.4. Intracellular observations showed that DNP causes a sharp fall in electrical excitability, associated with a hyperpolarization and fall in membrane resistance.5. The hyperpolarizing action of DNP had a mean reversal level (E(DNP)) nearly 30 mV more negative than the resting potential; E(DNP) was identical with the mean reversal level for the depolarizing action of ACh, measured on the same cells.6. DNP had its usual hyperpolarizing effect on neurones whose IPSPs had been made positive by raising the internal [Cl]; the mean E(IPSP) was over 30 mV more positive than E(DNP).7. It is concluded that DNP lowers excitability by raising the membrane conductance to K(+) (g(K)) and that it blocks ACh responses selectively because ACh has a precisely opposite action on these neurones.8. In the Discussion, it is suggested that the rise in g(K) is mediated by an increase in internal free Ca(2+), caused by a slowing of mitochondrial activity, and that a similar mechanism may play a significant role in general anaesthesia."
4.	Schistosomiasis (Bilharziasis) 01/01/1958 - "Field trials of various molluscicides (chiefly sodium pentachlorophenate) for the control of aquatic intermediate hosts of human bilharziasis." 01/01/2015 - "Widespread use of pentachlorophenol (PCP) in schistosomiasis endemic areas had led to ubiquitous exposure to PCP and its residues. " 01/01/2014 - "The re-emergence of schistosomiasis has given rise to ubiquitous concentrations of the primary control agent pentachlorophenol (PCP) in the environment, especially in the surface waters of China. " 07/01/2012 - "Pentachlorophenol (PCP) has been widely used for killing snails in areas of China where schistosomiasis is epidemic. " 07/01/2012 - "Systematic review of pentachlorophenol occurrence in the environment and in humans in China: not a negligible health risk due to the re-emergence of schistosomiasis."
5.	Hepatocellular Carcinoma (Hepatoma) 06/20/2001 - "Oxidative stress and liver toxicity in rats and human hepatoma cell line induced by pentachlorophenol and its major metabolite tetrachlorohydroquinone." 06/01/1999 - "In this study, the inhibition of 3,3'-diiodothyronine (T2) sulfation by pentachlorophenol (PCP) and PCB-OHs was investigated in hepatoma cell lines in relation to the cellular uptake of these compounds, providing a more appropriate model of the in vivo situation. " 09/01/2008 - "Luminescence bioassay using Vibrio fischeri and in vitro ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase (EROD) induction bioassay using H4-IIE rat hepatoma cell were employed to test toxicity changes during the photoelectrocatalysis process for the degradation of pentachlorophenol (PCP) on TiO(2) nanotubes electrode. " 07/01/1985 - "Injection of 0.04 mumol/g body weight of pentachlorophenol (PCP) 45 min before the dose of N-hydroxy-AAF decreased the number of adducts in the DNA by 90% and the average number of hepatomas per liver by 80-90%. " 06/01/1999 - "Effects of pentachlorophenol and hydroxylated polychlorinated biphenyls on thyroid hormone conjugation in a rat and a human hepatoma cell line."

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Related Therapies and Procedures

1.	Oral Administration
2.	Electrodes (Electrode)