Total Parenteral Nutrition

The delivery of nutrients for assimilation and utilization by a patient whose sole source of nutrients is via solutions administered intravenously, subcutaneously, or by some other non-alimentary route. The basic components of TPN solutions are protein hydrolysates or free amino acid mixtures, monosaccharides, and electrolytes. Components are selected for their ability to reverse catabolism, promote anabolism, and build structural proteins.

Also Known As:

Networked: 3131 relevant articles (116 outcomes, 235 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Therapy Context: Research Results

Experts

1.	Teitelbaum, Daniel H: 14 articles (11/2015 - 11/2002)
2.	Yeh, Sung-Ling: 9 articles (05/2008 - 07/2003)
3.	Feng, Yongjia: 7 articles (11/2015 - 02/2009)
4.	O'Keefe, Stephen J D: 7 articles (11/2015 - 09/2002)
5.	Lin, Ming-Tsan: 7 articles (01/2015 - 11/2003)
6.	Burrin, Douglas G: 6 articles (02/2015 - 06/2004)
7.	Stoll, Barbara: 6 articles (03/2014 - 12/2003)
8.	Li, Ning: 6 articles (04/2013 - 02/2002)
9.	Chen, Wei-Jao: 6 articles (03/2008 - 11/2003)
10.	Buchman, A L: 6 articles (07/2006 - 07/2000)

Related Diseases

1.	Neoplasms (Cancer) 08/01/2011 - "Practical and philosophic thoughts are proffered to justify continued, intensified, logical, controlled clinical studies directed toward establishing the most rational, safe, and effective use of total parenteral nutrition in treating patients with cancer." 09/01/1990 - "Tumor-bearing rats had reduced resting energy expenditure vs. nontumor-bearing, while rats receiving total parenteral nutrition without fat had significantly greater respiratory quotients. " 01/01/1979 - "Intravenous hyperalimentation is a safe and effective method for correcting nutritional deficits in patients with cancer; moreover, immunocompetence may be enhanced during adequate nutritional rehabilitation." 03/01/1992 - "It seems that intravenous hyperalimentation has no documented benefit to cancer patients undergoing antineoplastic treatment from the standpoint of improved patient survival in the prospective, randomized trials of nutritional support. " 03/15/1985 - "The current study was designed to compare the efficacy of total parenteral nutrition (TPN), provided either before or after tumor removal, in replenishing protein stores in the malnourished tumor-bearing (TB) host. "
2.	Crohn Disease (Crohn's Disease) 11/01/1998 - "These results suggest that nutritional therapy by total parenteral nutrition and elemental diet is superior to polymeric diet for treating active phase of Crohn's disease with marked inflammatory reactions." 05/01/1985 - "Thus total parenteral nutrition with complete bowel rest appears to be an effective therapeutic modality in the primary management of complicated Crohn's disease." 10/01/1977 - "The acute phase of Crohn's disease in a 14 year old female was effectively treated with total parenteral nutrition (TPN) and an elemental diet (ED). " 10/01/2006 - "The clinical course of 145 patients with Crohn's disease, who were primarily induced into remission by total parenteral nutrition, was reviewed. " 12/01/1998 - "In Crohn's disease, elemental diets and total parenteral nutrition often induce remission, possibly by reducing antigenic load on activated immune cells in the intestine and, thus, down-regulating hyperreactive CD4 cells. "
3.	Sepsis (Septicemia) 01/01/2010 - "There was no evidence of significant reduction of nosocomial sepsis [typical RR 0.93 (95% CI 0.73, 1.19)] or days on total parenteral nutrition [weighted mean difference -1.9 (95% CI -4.6, 0.77)]. " 01/01/2008 - "There was no evidence of significant reduction of nosocomial sepsis [typical RR 0.93 (95% CI 0.73, 1.19)] or days on total parenteral nutrition (TPN) [WMD -1.9 (95% CI -4.6, 0.77)]. " 07/01/1983 - "The study, therefore, concludes that this procedure: 1) is without risk for CVC cross contamination, 2) is effective in the treatment of contaminated CVCs and of septic patients without any interruption of total parenteral nutrition, and 3) can reduce the incidence of CVC sepsis during the first month of total parenteral nutrition. " 02/01/2007 - "This study examined the effect of fish oil (FO)-enriched diets before and/or omega-3 fatty acid-containing total parenteral nutrition (TPN) after sepsis on the distribution of the T-lymphocyte subpopulation, intracellular cytokine, and intestinal immunity in rats with gut-derived sepsis. " 07/01/2003 - "This study examined the effect of Arg-supplemented diets before and Arg-enriched total parenteral nutrition (TPN) after sepsis or both on the phagocytic activity of peritoneal macrophages and blood polymorphonuclear cells in rats with gut-derived sepsis. "
4.	Infection 01/01/1985 - "Supplementary nutrition with elemental diets or intravenous hyperalimentation have given promising results in some studies and might be expected to improve the patient's resistance to infection as well as his nutritional state. " 11/01/1982 - "Studies of total parenteral nutrition-related infection have incorrectly relied on positive results on culture of the cannula tip to confirm the source. " 06/01/2009 - "To study the effect of parenteral plus enteral nutrition (PN+EN) and total parenteral nutrition (TPN) support on the postoperative immune function in renal recipients with severe pulmonary infection. " 03/01/1996 - "[An infection study of total parenteral nutrition catheters for Y-site drug administration]." 04/01/2015 - "The risk of blood stream infections (BSIs) from central lines increases with administration of total parenteral nutrition (TPN). "
5.	Atrophy 09/01/1984 - "Jejunal biopsy showed subtotal villous atrophy which improved markedly during a period of total parenteral nutrition and with steroid treatment. " 07/01/2015 - "We utilized a model of total parenteral nutrition (TPN), or enteral nutrient deprivation, to study this interaction as TPN results in mucosal atrophy due to decreased IEC proliferation and increased apoptosis. " 11/01/2015 - "Total parenteral nutrition (TPN) is commonly used clinically to sustain patients; however, TPN is associated with profound mucosal atrophy, which may adversely affect clinical outcomes. " 05/01/2014 - "We used a model of enteral nutrient deprivation, or total parenteral nutrition (TPN), resulting in intestinal mucosal atrophy and decreased epithelial barrier function (EBF). " 05/01/2011 - "Moreover, it reduces atrophy of intestinal mucosa in animals on total parenteral nutrition and prevents intestinal mucosal injury accompanying small bowel transplantation, chemotherapy and radiation. "

Related Drugs and Biologics

1.	Glutamine (L-Glutamine)
2.	Nitrogen
3.	Somatostatin (Somatotropin Release-Inhibiting Factor)
4.	Triglycerides (Triacylglycerol)
5.	Anti-Bacterial Agents (Antibiotics)
6.	Octreotide (Sandostatin)
7.	Amino Acids
8.	Branched-Chain Amino Acids
9.	Steroids
10.	Immunosuppressive Agents (Immunosuppressants)

Related Therapies and Procedures

1.	Enteral Nutrition (Feeding, Tube)
2.	Transplantation (Transplant Recipients)
3.	Catheters
4.	Nutritional Support (Artificial Feeding)
5.	Chest Tubes (Chest Tube)