Parabens

Methyl, propyl, butyl, and ethyl esters of p-hydroxybenzoic acid. They have been approved by the FDA as antimicrobial agents for foods and pharmaceuticals. (From Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary, 11th ed, p872)

Also Known As:

Networked: 98 relevant articles (1 outcomes, 11 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Bio-Agent Context: Research Results

Experts

1.	Harvey, Philip W: 5 articles (09/2014 - 09/2003)
2.	Darbre, Philippa D: 5 articles (09/2014 - 07/2008)
3.	Darbre, P D: 5 articles (03/2012 - 01/2002)
4.	Wróbel, Anna Maria: 3 articles (10/2015 - 09/2014)
5.	Gregoraszczuk, Ewa Łucja: 3 articles (10/2015 - 09/2014)
6.	Jeung, Eui-Bae: 3 articles (06/2011 - 11/2009)
7.	Vo, Thuy T B: 3 articles (06/2011 - 11/2009)
8.	Burdock, G A: 3 articles (07/2005 - 06/2001)
9.	Pope, G S: 3 articles (07/2005 - 01/2002)
10.	Soni, M G: 3 articles (07/2005 - 06/2001)

Related Diseases

1.	Wounds and Injuries (Trauma) 11/01/2005 - "All 51 eyes demonstrated intraoperative watertight wound closure after the application of 2-octyl cyanoacrylate with parabens. " 11/01/2005 - "Side effect profile and clinical course of 2-octyl cyanoacrylate with parabens applied to clear corneal wounds. " 11/01/2005 - "A modified microsponge with 1 to 2 drops of 2-octyl cyanoacrylate with parabens was then applied in a smooth layer to the wound. " 11/01/2005 - "Our study demonstrates the ease of use and applicability and low side effect profile of 2-octyl cyanoacrylate with parabens as a temporary wound barrier in clear corneal cataract surgery." 11/01/2005 - "To determine the feasibility and side effect profile of 2-octyl cyanoacrylate with parabens (Liquid Bandage) as an adjunct wound sealant and barrier against the inflow of ocular surface fluid after clear corneal cataract surgery. "
2.	Cataract (Cataracts) 11/01/2005 - "Our study demonstrates the ease of use and applicability and low side effect profile of 2-octyl cyanoacrylate with parabens as a temporary wound barrier in clear corneal cataract surgery." 11/01/2005 - "To determine the feasibility and side effect profile of 2-octyl cyanoacrylate with parabens (Liquid Bandage) as an adjunct wound sealant and barrier against the inflow of ocular surface fluid after clear corneal cataract surgery. " 12/01/2005 - "To determine the efficacy of a tissue adhesive (2-octyl cyanoacrylate with parabens; Liquid Bandage, Johnson & Johnson, Skillman, New Jersey) in sealing clear corneal cataract wounds. "
3.	Breast Neoplasms (Breast Cancer) 07/01/2013 - "As the paraben levels reported in breast cancer tissues are commonly higher than the LOELs observed in this study, parabens may play some role via ERRγ in the carcinogenesis of human breast cancer. " 05/01/2013 - "Concerns of a potential link between parabens and breast cancer have been raised, but mechanistic studies have centred on their oestrogenic activity and little attention has been paid to any carcinogenic properties. " 11/01/2012 - "The objective of the present study was to gain insight into the metabolism of parabens in breast cancer cells (MCF7) since they have demonstrated estrogenic activity towards these cells and have been detected in breast cancer tissues. " 11/04/2014 - "Extension, the actions of these parabens on the expression of ERs and PGR in non-cancerous cells point to possible actions on breast cancer initiation. " 11/04/2014 - "Human MCF-7 breast cancer cells and MCF-10A non-transformed breast epithelial cells were exposed to parabens at a concentration of 20nM; 17β-estradiol at a concentration of 10nM, was used as a positive control. "
4.	Neoplasms (Cancer) 01/01/2004 - "These studies demonstrate that parabens can be found intact in the human breast and this should open the way technically for more detailed information to be obtained on body burdens of parabens and in particular whether body burdens are different in cancer from those in normal tissues." 09/01/2015 - "Higher levels of parabens were detected in malignant ovarian tumor tissues compared to benign tumor tissue samples. " 09/01/2015 - "Here, a simple and efficient analytical method for quantifying parabens in cancer tissues has been developed. " 09/01/2014 - "The ability of parabens to enable multiple cancer hallmarks in human breast epithelial cells provides grounds for regulatory review of the implications of the presence of parabens in human breast tissue." 09/01/2014 - "Parabens can enable hallmarks and characteristics of cancer in human breast epithelial cells: a review of the literature with reference to new exposure data and regulatory status."
5.	Hypersensitivity (Allergy) 02/01/2014 - "Structure-activity relationship of a series of 17 parabens and related compounds for histamine release in rat peritoneal mast cells and skin allergic reaction in guinea pigs." 11/01/2012 - "Parabens are well-known for having weak sensitising properties and for their absence of toxicity whereas new substitution products, not as well-known, may lead to new cases of contact allergy." 02/01/2009 - "Contact allergy to fragrances and parabens in an atopic baby." 10/01/2002 - "Allergic reactions to ingested parabens have been reported, although rigorous evidence of the allergenicity of ingested paraben is lacking." 06/01/2001 - "Allergic reactions to ingested parabens have been reported, although rigorous evidence of the allergenicity of ingested paraben is lacking."

Related Drugs and Biologics

1.	Tissue Adhesives (Tissue Adhesive)
2.	Cyanoacrylates
3.	methylparaben
4.	Cosmetics
5.	Formaldehyde (Formol)
6.	Biological Markers (Surrogate Marker)
7.	Salicylates
8.	Benzoates (Benzoate)
9.	octyl 2-cyanoacrylate
10.	Esters

Related Therapies and Procedures

1.	Bandages (Bandage)
2.	Mastectomy (Mammectomy)