Osteomalacia

Disorder caused by an interruption of the mineralization of organic bone matrix leading to bone softening, bone pain, and weakness. It is the adult form of rickets resulting from disruption of VITAMIN D; PHOSPHORUS; or CALCIUM homeostasis.

Also Known As:

Networked: 2490 relevant articles (85 outcomes, 134 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Disease Context: Research Results

Related Diseases

1.	Osteoporosis
2.	Rickets (Rachitis)
3.	Vitamin D Deficiency
4.	Hyperparathyroidism
5.	Osteitis

Experts

1.	Fukumoto, Seiji: 30 articles (01/2022 - 07/2002)
2.	Whyte, Michael P: 22 articles (01/2022 - 11/2006)
3.	Michigami, Toshimi: 16 articles (08/2022 - 06/2004)
4.	Millán, José Luis: 14 articles (04/2016 - 06/2005)
5.	Ozono, Keiichi: 12 articles (01/2020 - 01/2007)
6.	Carpenter, Thomas O: 11 articles (01/2022 - 03/2001)
7.	Feng, Jian Q: 11 articles (01/2021 - 12/2004)
8.	Mumm, Steven: 9 articles (01/2020 - 11/2006)
9.	Liu, Shiguang: 9 articles (12/2008 - 02/2002)
10.	Ito, Nobuaki: 8 articles (01/2022 - 10/2007)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to Osteomalacia:

1.	Vitamin DFDA LinkGeneric 09/01/1978 - "The osteomalacia can be treated successfully with vitamin D supplements. " 01/01/1986 - "The patient suffered from epileptic osteomalacia and responded well to vitamin D treatment. " 12/01/1978 - "Recently acquired knowledge about vitamin D metabolism has improved our understanding in different varieties of osteomalacia. " 12/01/2017 - "It has been proposed that vitamin D has direct beneficial effects on bone (besides the prevention of osteomalacia), but these have been difficult to establish in clinical trials. " 10/01/2011 - "His bone studies showed features of osteomalacia with a very low Vitamin D level of less than 20 nmol/L. "
2.	CalciumIBA 02/01/1976 - "It is concluded that high calcium dialysis is not an effective treatment for renal osteomalacia." 09/02/1982 - "Our finding that adequate amounts of calcium rapidly improved bone mineralization demonstrates that calcium deficiency can cause osteomalacia in children." 04/01/2008 - "This study suggested that osteomalacia was induced by a direct action of Cd on the bone through abnormal calcium homeostasis at an early stage in male rats." 03/01/2004 - "The biological (hypocalcaemia, diminished urinary calcium) and radiological (demineralized bone with Looser-Milkmann fractures) results suggest an osteomalacia, diagnostic confirmed by the bone histological study that found out osteoid lines. " 11/01/1991 - "This study reports the effect of calcium supplementation in six patients in whom osteomalacia had been excluded and who showed abnormally low bone mineral densities on DEXA scanning. "
3.	Phosphates (Orthophosphate)IBA 12/01/2019 - "By including this rare but curative disease into the differential of osteomalacia and thereby further examining patient serum phosphate levels, the previous 5-7 year delay in diagnosis will be dramatically reduced." 11/01/2022 - "Tumour-induced osteomalacia should be suspected in the adult presenting with new-onset hypophosphataemia, elevated FGF-23 levels and isolated renal phosphate wasting. " 11/01/2021 - "Measuring serum/urine phosphate should be an inherent diagnostic component when assessing otherwise unexplained osteomalacia, fractures and weakness. " 10/01/2021 - "Tumour-induced osteomalacia (TIO) is a rare paraneoplastic condition characterised by decreased tubular phosphate reabsorption. " 06/01/2021 - "In addition to a poor nutritional intake and insufficient sun exposure, malabsorption of fat-soluble substances in the intestine and phosphate loss from the kidneys might have contributed to the development of her osteomalacia."
4.	AluminumIBA 01/01/1990 - "Results further indicated that patients with biopsy-proven osteomalacia presented a significantly greater median serum aluminium compared to that of patients without osteomalacia. " 06/01/1992 - "Histological and electron microprobe studies of mineralisation in aluminium-related osteomalacia." 07/01/1991 - "The objectives for this study were to use this model to investigate the role of aluminum (Al) in both the induction and resolution of osteomalacia. " 01/01/1990 - "In the present study, PTH was continuously infused in rats with aluminum-induced osteomalacia to evaluate whether aluminum administration decreased mineralization without a concomitant decrease in osteoblasts. " 02/22/1989 - "Bone histomorphometric studies also indicated that unlike aluminium levels in cortical or trabecular bone, its levels in hair are not predictive of aluminium-induced osteomalacia. "
5.	burosumabIBA 01/01/2022 - "The concomitant decrease of highly mineralized matrix, persistence of lowly mineralized matrix, and increase in mineralized bone volume after burosumab suggest a boost in mineralization of preexisting unmineralized or very lowly mineralized matrix, providing a potential explanation for previously observed improved osteomalacia. " 12/01/2019 - "UX023-CL304 is an ongoing, open-label, single-arm, phase 3 study investigating the efficacy of subcutaneous burosumab, 1.0 mg/kg administered every 4 weeks, in improving osteomalacia in adults with XLH who have not been treated for at least 2 years before enrollment. " 01/01/2022 - "Burosumab for 48 weeks improved histological lesions of osteomalacia in a single-arm longitudinal study analyzing paired bone biopsies. " 01/01/2022 - "UX023-CL304 was an open-label, phase 3 study investigating the effects of burosumab on osteomalacia in adults with XLH, who remained untreated at least 2 years prior enrollment. " 01/01/2023 - "Our case shows efficacy and safety of burosumab treatment administered every 2 weeks in a tumour-induced osteomalacia (TIO) patient. "
6.	Phosphorus (Red Phosphorus)IBA 09/01/2021 - "We investigated 2 outbreaks of osteomalacia as a result of phosphorus (P) deficiency in herds of lactating beef cows grazing subtropical native pastures in Uruguay. " 09/01/2021 - "Osteomalacia as a result of phosphorus deficiency in beef cattle grazing subtropical native pastures in Uruguay." 01/01/2021 - "Key endpoints were changes in serum phosphorus and osteomalacia assessed by transiliac bone biopsies at week 48. " 01/01/2016 - "Renal phosphorus wasting as a consequence of unexplained marked elevation in FGF23 is thought to have contributed to the onset of osteomalacia." 01/01/2012 - "During the treatment with SFO, it is important to regularly measure the blood levels of phosphorus in order to prevent the occurrence of osteomalacia."
7.	Ergocalciferols (Ergocalciferol)FDA LinkGeneric 01/01/2020 - "Intramuscular ergocalciferol administration can improve the clinical and biochemical status and thus, is suggested to prevent and/or treat osteomalacia in such patients." 01/01/1984 - "A possible role of vitamin D2 in producing osteomalacia is not easy to understand since normal serum levels of 25(OH)-D2, the circulating form of vitamin D2, have been reported. " 01/01/2020 - "We present a case of severe vitD deficiency-osteomalacia after gastric bypass operation for morbid obesity, treated with ergocalciferol intramuscularly. " 08/01/1979 - "A 28-yr-old woman presented with hypocalcemia, hypophosphatemia, secondary hyperparthyroidism, and biopsy-proven osteomalacia despite treatment with vitamin D2, (17.5 mg/day). " 01/01/2020 - "Effectiveness of intramuscular ergocalciferol treatment in a patient with osteomalacia and insufficiency fractures due to severe vitamin D deficiency after bariatric surgery."
8.	hydroxide ionIBA 10/01/2014 - "This approach will maintain 25(OH)D levels well above the threshold for osteomalacia and makes allowance for the poor accuracy and precision of some 25(OH)D assays." 08/01/2011 - "However there are compelling reasons why 25(OH)D should preferably exceed 75 nmol/L: (A) Scrutiny of actual data specified by the IOM relating 25(OH)D to bone density and osteomalacia shows the desirable minimum 25(OH)D to be 75 nmol/L (30 ng/mL). " 11/01/1985 - "The twice-per-year regimen offered complete protection maintaining the serum 25(OH)D2 above the threshold associated with osteomalacia. " 03/01/1985 - "Both high and low circulating 1,25-[OH]2D levels during active osteomalacia have been reported; initially, the level was in the normal range and higher values in this patient occurred with repletion of 25-OHD substrate. " 12/08/1979 - "Generally speaking, the levels of plasma 25-OH-D3 in these patients were low, but without signs of osteomalacia on histological evaluation."
9.	Calcitriol (Calcijex)FDA LinkGeneric 12/01/1986 - "Bone histomorphologic studies in the adult patient showed extreme osteomalacia, which partially improved with calcitriol. " 06/01/1977 - "In one patient, in whom serial iliac bone samples were available, 2 microgram 1,25(OH)2D3 resulted in histological improvement in previously severe osteomalacia. " 09/01/2020 - "Osteomalacia can also develop secondary to complicating hypophosphataemia and low calcitriol levels. " 08/01/2008 - "Treatment with 500 pg/g/day of 1,25(OH)2D3 also induced osteomalacia in normal animals. " 11/01/1993 - "Therefore, we reviewed our experience with patients with biopsy-proven osteomalacia to determine if PTH or 1,25(OH)2D3 levels would serve a useful role in establishing the diagnosis of osteomalacia. "
10.	Deferoxamine (Desferal)FDA LinkGeneric 09/11/1982 - "Desferrioxamine and osteomalacia." 08/14/1982 - "Treatment of dialysis osteomalacia with desferrioxamine." 07/01/1985 - "Six patients with dialysis osteomalacia were studied before and after treatment with desferrioxamine. " 01/01/1984 - "Diagnosis: dialysis osteomalacia with response to desferrioxamine therapy." 02/17/1989 - "After four months of deferoxamine administration, mostly intraperitoneally as an out-patient, the osteomalacia clearly improved, as did the myopathy and anaemia."

Therapies and Procedures

1.	Therapeutics 11/01/1978 - "The therapy prevented him from progressive osteomalacia and cured him of it, but mucopolysacchariduria and hydroxyprolinuria did not disappear. " 11/28/2022 - "The true prevalence of the different forms of osteomalacia and the recovery after proper therapy have yet to be determined in the real world. " 11/01/2022 - "Antiresorptive therapy should be avoided in osteomalacia due to the risk of clinical and radiographic deterioration." 04/01/2021 - "Currently, the main challenge in tumour-induced osteomalacia (TIO) is the difficulty in locating culprit tumours for definitive diagnosis and surgical therapy. " 01/01/2015 - "We report a case of an 84-year-old woman with AFF not treated by BP therapy, in whom underlying osteomalacia was histologically diagnosed. "
2.	Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis (CAPD) 01/01/1991 - "In seven follow-up biopsies OF improved in 3 cases, osteomalacia improved in 1, became aplastic in 1, while aplastic bone worsened in 1 and changed to mild OF in 1. We conclude that the predominant bone lesion in our patients at start of CAPD is OF, but 15% already have aplastic bone. " 01/01/1985 - "Osteomalacia also improved in two of the three patients in whom it was initially present and did not develop in any patient whilst on CAPD. " 06/01/1987 - "Osteomalacia, assessed qualitatively and by dynamic histomorphometric measurements, was ameliorated to a much greater degree in patients undergoing continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis compared with hemodialysis-treated patients. " 01/01/1983 - "Fracture osteomalacia, CAPD, and aluminium." 01/01/1987 - "A 32-year-old male with aluminium osteomalacia was changed from haemodialysis to chronic ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) because of vascular access problems. "
3.	Parathyroidectomy 01/01/1993 - "In group 3 patients parathyroidectomy is not recommended to avoid a drastic progress of osteomalacia." 11/01/1985 - "This shortened processing time is valuable when biopsy results are urgently needed to detect osteomalacia or to determine bone features prior to possible parathyroidectomy. " 06/01/1985 - "Histological osteomalacia after parathyroidectomy developed after operation in two patients. " 01/01/1982 - "Five patients on maintenance dialysis had symptoms of osteomalacia, proven by biopsy, after parathyroidectomy. " 01/01/1980 - "After parathyroidectomy, the hypercalcemic tendency remained and bone biopsy revealed gross osteomalacia. "
4.	Aftercare (After-Treatment) 01/01/2021 - "In addition, there still had no good non-hazardous markers to evaluate the severity of bone loss of osteomalacia before and after treatment. " 10/01/1974 - "After treatment a repeat biopsy in one of the patients with osteomalacia showed marked reduction in osteoid. " 01/01/1999 - "Tumor-related osteomalacia followed after treatment by hyperparathyroidism." 11/01/2004 - "Our observations suggest that the dynamic relationship between calcium, phosphate and bone requires at least a year, and probably longer, to reach an equilibrium after treatment for osteomalacia in elderly patients. " 07/01/1985 - "Six patients with dialysis osteomalacia were studied before and after treatment with desferrioxamine. "
5.	Parenteral Nutrition 12/01/1983 - "Determination of A1 in kidney, liver, or bone may be useful in diagnosis of A1 overload conditions in humans (dialysis encepthalopathy, dialysis osteomalacia, and parenteral nutrition-associated osteomalacia). " 03/01/1980 - "In 12 patients, bone biopsies at 6 to 73 months after the start of parenteral nutrition showed osteomalacia. " 09/01/2002 - "Initial reports from the early 1980s suggested that both osteoporosis and osteomalacia were quite common in patients who receive long-term parenteral nutrition. " 12/01/1980 - "Ribs from 3 preterm infants, who had died after prolonged intravenous feeding and artificial ventilation, were examined histologically and assessed for the degree of osteomalacia and osteoporosis in cancellous bone of the shaft. " 08/01/2004 - "Metabolic bone disease (MBD) is abnormal bone metabolism and includes the common disorders of osteoporosis and osteomalacia, which can develop in patients receiving long-term parenteral nutrition (PN). "