Endophthalmitis (Ophthalmia)

11/30/1991 - "The low frequency means that large numbers of patients would be required for a trial of antibiotic efficacy, but such a trial is worthwhile because there are now antibiotics with good ocular bioavailability that are effective against most of the bacteria that cause endophthalmitis."
11/01/2014 - "Daily prophylactic topical antibiotics have dramatically reduced the endophthalmitis incidence. "
05/01/1981 - "Keeping in mind the possibility of postoperative endophthalmitis from the very beginning, doing vitreous aspiration, using lens matter for culture-sensitivity in early stages, and starting of intraocular antibiotics might have helped to save the eye."
12/01/2015 - "The apparent lack of efficacy of conventionally used antibiotics and the emergence of increasingly resistant strains of bacteria may have significant implications in the management of bacterial endophthalmitis."
07/01/2014 - "Antibiotics do not appear to be beneficial for prevention of post-injection endophthalmitis. "

01/01/2015 - "We experienced a significant reduction in postcataract endophthalmitis when we switched from BSS to the vancomycin/BSS irrigating solution for incision hydration and eye pressurization. "
09/01/2009 - "Topical vancomycin plus a quinolone is effective in preventing bacterial endophthalmitis in KPro eyes."
12/01/2001 - "Experimental and clinical studies have shown that intraocular vancomycin is safe and effective treatment against gram-positive organisms causing endophthalmitis. "
01/01/2015 - "This study aimed to determine whether switching from balanced salt solution (BSS) to vancomycin 20 g/mL BSS for incision hydration and eye pressurization reduces the rate of postcataract endophthalmitis. "
01/01/2013 - "The purpose of this study is to evaluate the microbiological profile and treatment outcomes of vancomycin-resistant Gram-positive bacterial endophthalmitis. "

10/01/1989 - "SCH39304 and fluconazole both were highly effective against candida endophthalmitis, sterilizing the vitreous humor and the choroid and retina. "
01/01/1992 - "Therefore, the results of this study prove that intravenous fluconazole is more effective in preventive use than in therapeutic use against endogenous Candida endophthalmitis in rabbits."
02/01/2011 - "Fluconazole was continued for 4 weeks, and he showed dramatic improvement with vision 6/12 in both eyes (OU) and endophthalmitis completely resolved. "
08/01/2000 - "Plain fluconazole in the dose of 100 and 200 microg was equally effective against Candidal endophthalmitis in rabbits, but a failure of 25-37.5% of the eyes to respond, discourages one from using fluconazole as a sole therapy. "
11/01/1990 - "These results show that intravenous fluconazole is effective in the prevention of the endogenous candida endophthalmitis in rabbits but ineffective for these short term therapeutic applications after onset."

05/01/2007 - "Efficacy of intracameral amphotericin B injection in the management of refractory keratomycosis and endophthalmitis."
06/01/2007 - "[A pharmacodynamics study of an intravitreal amphotericin B drug delivery system for the treatment of experimental Aspergillus fumigatus endophthalmitis]."
06/01/1965 - "OCULAR PENETRATION OF AMPHOTERICIN B: A REPORT OF LABORATORY STUDIES AND A CASE REPORT OF POSTSURGICAL CEPHALOSPORIUM ENDOPHTHALMITIS."
10/01/2015 - "Ten out of 11 patients (one patient required evisceration) with endophthalmitis were given intravitreal amphotericin B injection with variable outcome. "
12/01/2010 - "The first patient developed posttraumatic endophthalmitis and received an undiluted dose (500 μg) of amphotericin B. "

08/01/2010 - "H2O2 exposure did not increase cellular toxicity Vigamox did not show significant toxicity on primary RPEs, TMCs, LECs, CECs, or human corneal endothelium at concentrations up to 150 microg/ml. The MIC90 of moxifloxacin for pathogens commonly encountered in endophthalmitis is known to be in the range of 0.25-2.5 microg/ml. Therefore, intracameral use of Vigamox at concentrations up to 150 microg/ml may be safe and effective for preventing endophthalmitis after intraocular surgery."
03/01/2008 - "No significant toxicity of moxifloxacin was seen on primary RPE cells, ARPE19 cells, or ONHA cells at concentrations up to 150 microg/mL. Intravitreal use of moxifloxacin up to this concentration may be safe and effective for the treatment of endophthalmitis."
09/01/2005 - "Intracameral Vigamox (moxifloxacin 0.5%) is non-toxic and effective in preventing endophthalmitis in a rabbit model."
08/01/2010 - "[Intracameral moxifloxacin: a safe option for endophthalmitis prophylaxis? "
06/01/2009 - "This study showed no significant toxicity for moxifloxacin on CEC, TMC, RPE cells, or human corneal endothelium for concentrations up to 150 microg/mL. The minimum inhibitory concentration of moxifloxacin to inhibit 90% of pathogens commonly encountered in endophthalmitis is known to be in the range of 0.25-2.5 microg/mL. Therefore, prophylactic intracameral use of moxifloxacin at concentrations up to 150 microg/mL may be safely used to prevent endophthalmitis after intraocular surgery."

07/01/2009 - "Though fungal endophthalmitis has been successfully treated with a combination of intravenous and intravitreal voriconazole, to the best of our knowledge this is the first report in ophthalmic literature (Medline Search) on the treatment of fungal endophthalmitis with only the oral route of administration of voriconazole."
10/01/2011 - "To investigate the therapeutic efficacy and optimal drug dose of an intravitreally implantable voriconazole (VCZ) drug delivery system (DDS) in experimental endophthalmitis of Aspergillus fumigatus. "
01/01/2009 - "This case report shows that intravitreal voriconazole, in addition to topical and systemic treatment, was safe and very effective in treating Aspergillus endophthalmitis. "
07/01/2009 - "Use of voriconazole in the surgical management of chronic postoperative fungal endophthalmitis."
02/01/2015 - "Based on this laboratory study of isolates from exogenous fungal endophthalmitis, intravitreal voriconazole appears to provide the broadest spectrum of antifungal coverage and, as such, may be considered for empiric therapy of endophthalmitis caused by yeast or mold."

10/01/2015 - "The difference was statistically significant (p = 0.03) CONCLUSIONS: The introduction of prophylactic use of intracameral cefuroxime was associated with a significant reduction in post-operative endophthalmitis rates in our centers. "
02/01/2015 - "The rate of clinical and culture-positive endophthalmitis was compared between the 2 study groups: eyes without intracameral cefuroxime (Group 1) and eyes with intracameral cefuroxime (Group 2). "
01/01/2013 - "Subsequent to the results of the European multicenter trial documenting decreased risk of endophthalmitis with intracameral cefuroxime injection at the end of surgery, similar benefit with intracameral antibiotic use has been reported in studies with large sample sizes from multiple centers around the world. "
10/01/2007 - "The ESCRS-sponsored study of postoperative endophthalmitis prophylaxis reported rates of presumed infectious postoperative endophthalmitis of 0.07% with intracameral cefuroxime treatment and 0.34% in control groups. "
02/01/2015 - "In the treatment without intracameral cefuroxime, there was a minimal, statistically insignificant increase in postoperative acute endophthalmitis (odds ratio, 1.42; 95% confidence interval, 0.53-4.02; P = .506). "

05/01/2008 - "Levofloxacin appears to be effective in treating experimental endophthalmitis in the rabbit model. "
05/01/2013 - "To evaluate the efficacy of intravitreal levofloxacin 0.5% ophthalmic solution as treatment of Pseudomonas aeruginosa endophthalmitis in a rabbit model. "
05/01/2013 - "Efficacy of Intravitreal Levofloxacin 0.5% Ophthalmic Solution in Treating Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Endophthalmitis on a Rabbit Model."
01/01/2013 - "A preliminary study to treat severe endophthalmitis via a foldable capsular vitreous body with sustained levofloxacin release in rabbits."
06/01/2005 - "This favorable ocular disposition provides support for trials of systemic levofloxacin for prophylaxis of postoperative endophthalmitis in selected patients or as adjunctive therapy for the treatment of this potentially devastating infective complication."

10/01/2008 - "Early intravitreal administration of 400 microg of dexamethasone seems to be beneficial in treating postoperative Staphylococcus epidermidis-related endophthalmitis. "
10/01/2014 - "A prospective multicenter randomized placebo-controlled trial of dexamethasone as an adjuvant in the treatment of postoperative bacterial endophthalmitis: interim safety analysis of the study drug and analysis of overall treatment results."
10/01/2011 - "Adjunctive use of intravitreal dexamethasone in presumed bacterial endophthalmitis: a randomised trial."
12/01/2005 - "Intravitreal dexamethasone as adjuvant in the treatment of postoperative endophthalmitis: a prospective randomized trial."
09/01/1999 - "Intravitreal dexamethasone in exogenous bacterial endophthalmitis: results of a prospective randomised study."

03/01/2000 - "A 5% solution of PVP-I proved to be highly effective in ophthalmic surgery for the prophylaxis of endophthalmitis. "
01/01/2006 - "The postoperative endophthalmitis rate showed a significant reduction after introduction of povidone-iodine. "
12/01/2011 - "Two recent studies from Iran and Brazil suggest that povidone-iodine may not be effective for prevention of chlamydial or gonococcal ophthalmia. "
01/01/2005 - "Compared with these agents, a 2.5% povidone-iodine ophthalmic solution has been found to have greater efficacy for the prevention of ON generally, and chlamydial ophthalmia specifically. "
10/01/2015 - "The purpose of this study was to investigate the pharmacokinetics and safety of intravitreal povidone-iodine (PVI) and its efficacy against experimental Staphylococcus epidermidis endophthalmitis. "

10/01/2011 - "The visual outcome can be good (53% of cases having a visual acuity [VA] of better than 20/40) if treatment is initiated rapidly and follows the Endophthalmitis Vitrectomy Study (EVS) guidelines; but even with the best treatment, some patients end up with a poor visual outcome. "
09/01/2004 - "Comparison of the results of B-scan ultrasonography and the findings in pars plana vitrectomy showed B-scan ultrasonography is highly sensitive, specific, and is very helpful in the evaluation of endophthalmitis. "
07/01/2006 - "The diagnostic yield of vitrectomy specimen analysis has not been improved by currently routinely applied methods in recent years in contrast to the significantly improved sensitivity of combined standardized culture and PCR analysis in endophthalmitis. "
02/01/1981 - "It is suggested that vitrectomy represents a major advance in the management of bacterial and fungal endophthalmitis."
01/01/1983 - "As advantages of a diagnostic and therapeutic vitrectomy versus purely antibiotic treatment in endophthalmitis the authors discuss the following factors: (1) improved diagnostic possibilities in combination with vitrectomy; (2) a reduction in the quantities of infective organisms and toxins; and (3) improved penetration of antibiotic into and out of the vitreous body cavity."

10/01/2007 - "Flush irrigation may provide better protection against the risk of endophthalmitis with intravitreal injections."
10/01/1987 - "We examined the efficacy of transcleral iontophoresis as an adjunct to intravitreal injection in the treatment of experimental Pseudomonas endophthalmitis in rabbits. "
07/01/2014 - "We searched Pubmed for keywords "prophylaxis," "endophthalmitis," "intravitreal injection." We focused on studies published in the last 2 years as well as other recent studies with particular attention to data on the incidence, microbiology, prevention, and treatment of injection-related endophthalmitis. "
01/01/2012 - "These findings provide a valuable addition to the ever-increasing pool of information on endophthalmitis prophylaxis after intravitreal injection, although further large-scale studies are required to provide definitive conclusions."
09/01/2011 - "In all, 109 cases of endophthalmitis were identified: 88 postsurgical and 21 post-intravitreal injection (3 from clinical trials and 5 from outside ophthalmologists). "

04/01/2009 - "United Kingdom survey of antibiotic prophylaxis practice after publication of the ESCRS Endophthalmitis Study."
12/01/2005 - "The present review's aims are to study the etiology and pathogenesis of endophthalmitis and the criteria for antibiotic prophylaxis. "
01/01/2005 - "Poland is joining one of the largest prospective european clinical study of antibiotic prophylaxis and the largest in ophthalmology - the ESCRS endophthalmitis prophylaxis clinical trial. "
08/01/2015 - "Need for Antibiotic Prophylaxis for Pseudophakic Endophthalmitis."
07/01/2014 - "Routinely recommended antibiotic prophylaxis of injection-related endophthalmitis probably has no meaning apart from the generation of resistance."

04/01/1993 - "The purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of initial therapies in preventing recurrent endophthalmitis and to assess the safety of intraocular lens (IOL) exchange performed during treatment of active endophthalmitis. "
01/01/2008 - "The aim of this study was to describe the pathological findings in lens capsules and intraocular lens (IOL) studied by scanning and/or transmission electron microscopy (SEM and TEM, respectively) in a series of four eyes with chronic pseudophakic endophthalmitis (CPE). "
01/01/2008 - "Pathological findings in the lens capsules and intraocular lens in chronic pseudophakic endophthalmitis: an electron microscopy study."
01/01/2006 - "The purpose of this study was to demonstrate the usefulness of the scanning electron microscope in examining the posterior capsule and an intraocular lens (IOL) in an endophthalmitis patient. "
11/01/2000 - "To compare the in vitro adherence of slime-producing and non-slime-producing Staphylococcus epidermidis to different intraocular lenses (IOLs) to study the organism's contribution to postoperative endophthalmitis. "

12/01/2007 - "Early diagnosis and treatment restored visual acuity in several cases, and improved phacoemulsification technique, including sterilization, helped reduce the incidence of endophthalmitis."
11/01/2003 - "To determine the efficacy of intraoperative antibiotic use in irrigating solutions on aqueous humor contamination during phacoemulsification surgery and to evaluate the corresponding risk of postoperative endophthalmitis. "
10/01/2014 - "Patients with suspected endophthalmitis after phacoemulsification were asked to participate in this study. "
12/01/2007 - "This study investigated the associated factors and methods of prevention and treatment of endophthalmitis after phacoemulsification. "
11/01/2005 - "The present study has not demonstrated an apparent difference between endophthalmitis after ECCE and those after phacoemulsification. "