Nucleotides

The monomeric units from which DNA or RNA polymers are constructed. They consist of a purine or pyrimidine base, a pentose sugar, and a phosphate group. (From King & Stansfield, A Dictionary of Genetics, 4th ed)

Networked: 2866 relevant articles (42 outcomes, 141 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Bio-Agent Context: Research Results

Experts

1.	Robson, Simon C: 12 articles (01/2014 - 05/2004)
2.	Jiang, Shigui: 9 articles (08/2015 - 03/2008)
3.	Abbracchio, Maria P: 8 articles (09/2014 - 10/2006)
4.	Zhang, Dianchang: 7 articles (08/2015 - 03/2008)
5.	Boeynaems, Jean-Marie: 7 articles (02/2015 - 04/2005)
6.	Coutinho-Silva, Robson: 6 articles (01/2015 - 05/2005)
7.	Lenz, Guido: 6 articles (01/2013 - 08/2003)
8.	Burnstock, Geoffrey: 6 articles (10/2012 - 01/2002)
9.	Erb, Laurie: 6 articles (10/2012 - 10/2004)
10.	Chen, Xinhua: 6 articles (12/2009 - 07/2007)

Related Diseases

1.	Infection 04/01/2005 - "Two P4-PMO compounds, 5'SL and 3'CS (targeting the 5'-terminal nucleotides and the 3' cyclization sequence region, respectively), were highly efficacious, each reducing the viral titer by greater than 5.7 log10 compared to controls at 6 days after infection with DEN-2 virus. " 04/01/1998 - "Although dietary nucleotides have been suggested to have beneficial gastrointestinal and immunological effects, nucleotide-supplemented formula feeding has not been shown to confer the same benefits as breast feeding, and randomised controlled trials have yet to prove that healthy term infants fed nucleotide-supplemented formulas compared to those fed nonsupplemented formulas, have accelerated physical growth and neurological development, better growth and development of their gastrointestinal tract resulting in improved digestive and absorptive functions, enhanced development of their immune system resulting in increased resistance to infection and lower bacterial and viral infection rates during infancy, and a more favourable intestinal microflora associated with a lower rate of infectious diarrhoea. " 01/01/2015 - "Additionally, this study demonstrates the use of inverted repeat construct sequences as short as 26- to -49 nucleotides for both the efficient expression of the PSTVd-sRNA and the inhibition of PSTVd infection. " 08/01/2005 - "Earlier studies revealed that the 5'-untranslated region (5'-UTR) from nucleotides 63 to 104 was associated with systemic infection in a host-specific manner in millet plants. " 07/01/2004 - "To study the role of this stable intron in HSV-1 infection, we have constructed a mutant virus KOS-CONS in which the branch point has been mutated to consensus branch point nucleotides. "
2.	Ischemia 10/04/2006 - "In vivo inhibition of GPR17 by either CysLT/P2Y receptor antagonists or antisense technology dramatically reduced ischemic damage in a rat focal ischemia model, suggesting GPR17 as the common molecular target mediating brain damage by nucleotides and CysLTs. " 07/01/1995 - "While all preischemic values were equivalent, amino-acid-loaded hearts had significantly greater high energy nucleotides at end ischemia and after reperfusion. " 09/01/2007 - "Previous studies showed increased extracellular nucleotides during renal ischemia-reperfusion. " 12/01/1984 - "On the basis of experimental studies (in 43 rabbits) of the model of acute arterial obstruction and examination of 19 patients with various kinds of acute ischemia of the extremity it was established that the development of the ischemic lesions of the extremity can result in significant changes in the metabolism of adenyl nucleotides and deformability of erythrocytes. " 09/01/2012 - "Nucleotides are released within the heart, especially under ischemia or pressure overload. "
3.	Crohn Disease (Crohn's Disease) 06/15/2004 - "Thioguanine-nucleotides do not predict efficacy of tioguanine in Crohn's disease." 02/01/2015 - "Clinical efficacy and risk of complications are associated with intracellular levels of thiopurine metabolites 6-thioguanine nucleotides (6-TGN) and 6-methylmercaptopurines (6-MMP) in patients with Crohn's disease. " 01/01/2014 - "Azathioprine (AZA), a pro-drug metabolised to the active metabolites 6-tioguanine nucleotides (6TGN), is a steroid-sparing therapy for Crohn's disease (CD). " 07/01/1987 - "A major and two minor RNA species of about 300 nucleotides length were detected in RNA samples from eight Crohn's disease patients and not in those from three healthy controls. " 03/01/2015 - "These results suggest that ΔMCV above 7 (which is a surrogate for a higher 6-thioguanine nucleotides concentration) leads to improved Crohn's disease outcomes, even when combined with infliximab. "
4.	Inflammatory Bowel Diseases (Inflammatory Bowel Disease) 08/01/2012 - "Inflammatory bowel diseases are characterized by relapses and remission periods during which numerous factors, including stress factors and nucleotides, are mobilized to re-establish intestinal mucosal homeostasis. " 11/01/1998 - "T cells are thought to play an important role in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), and because a recent finding has suggested a role for extracellular nucleotides in mediating colonic epithelial cell damage in IBD, we speculated that the P2Y6 nucleotide receptor may be expressed in the T cells infiltrating IBD. " 08/01/2015 - "Optimal levels of the thiopurine metabolite, 6-thioguanine nucleotides [6-TGN] correlate with remission of inflammatory bowel disease [IBD]. " 03/01/2014 - "This meta-analysis clearly establishes an association between 6-thioguanine nucleotides levels and clinical remission rates in patients with inflammatory bowel disease and explains the heterogeneity of results among selected studies. " 03/01/2014 - "A previous meta-analysis suggested that 6-thioguanine nucleotides levels are associated with clinical remission in inflammatory bowel disease. "
5.	Neoplasms (Cancer) 01/01/1954 - "II. Nucleotides from the acid-soluble fraction of normal and tumor tissues and studies on nucleic acid synthesis in tumors." 09/15/2015 - "Quantification of endogenous nucleotides is of interest for investigation of numerous cellular biochemical processes, such as energy metabolism and signal transduction, and may also be applied in cancer and antiretroviral therapies in which nucleoside analogues are used. " 02/10/2015 - "One of the hallmarks of most cancer cells is incessant DNA replication, which requires the continuous synthesis of nucleotides. " 01/14/2015 - "Furthermore, MnNP effectively delivers labeled nucleotides to TAMs in mice with primary mammary tumors. " 01/01/2015 - "Molecular analysis of the tumor tissue identified a novel in-frame BRD4-NUT transcript, with BRD4 exon 15 fused to the last 124 nucleotides of NUT exon 2 (BRD4-NUT ex15:ex2Δnt1-585). "

Related Drugs and Biologics

1.	Thioguanine (Tioguanine)
2.	Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP)
3.	Nucleosides
4.	Arginine (L-Arginine)
5.	RNA (Ribonucleic Acid)
6.	Omega-3 Fatty Acids (Omega 3 Fatty Acids)
7.	Adenosine
8.	Azathioprine (Imuran)
9.	6-methylthiopurine
10.	Histamine (Histamine Dihydrochloride)

Related Therapies and Procedures

1.	Drug Therapy (Chemotherapy)
2.	Enteral Nutrition (Feeding, Tube)
3.	Length of Stay
4.	Withholding Treatment
5.	Ligation