S100 Proteins (S 100 Protein)

A family of highly acidic calcium-binding proteins found in large concentration in the brain and believed to be glial in origin. They are also found in other organs in the body. They have in common the EF-hand motif (EF HAND MOTIFS) found on a number of calcium binding proteins. The name of this family derives from the property of being soluble in a 100% saturated ammonium sulfate solution.

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Networked: 2374 relevant articles (27 outcomes, 252 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Bio-Agent Context: Research Results

Experts

1.	Michal, Michal: 14 articles (01/2015 - 07/2004)
2.	Fletcher, Christopher D M: 11 articles (05/2015 - 11/2004)
3.	Miettinen, Markku: 11 articles (01/2014 - 03/2002)
4.	Heizmann, Claus W: 10 articles (01/2009 - 05/2002)
5.	Hornick, Jason L: 9 articles (01/2016 - 07/2005)
6.	Roth, Johannes: 9 articles (11/2013 - 06/2003)
7.	Miettinen, M: 9 articles (05/2005 - 03/2000)
8.	Foell, Dirk: 8 articles (10/2014 - 06/2004)
9.	Hirose, Takanori: 8 articles (10/2013 - 04/2002)
10.	Scheithauer, Bernd W: 7 articles (09/2012 - 04/2002)

Related Diseases

1.	Melanoma (Melanoma, Malignant) 10/01/1988 - "These results indicated that HMB-45 monoclonal antibody has a higher specificity for melanoma cells than did S-100 protein and that, because of its reactivity in routinely processed tissues, it may be helpful in surgical pathology." 01/01/2014 - "Immunohistochemical examination with positive results of S-100 protein and human melanoma black 45 (HMB45) makes a definitive diagnosis. " 01/01/1999 - "In this study we examined the concentration changes of serum S-100 protein and 5-S-CD in 252 melanoma patients of different clinical stages. " 09/01/1997 - "In the present study, the concentration of serum S-100 protein was measured in 97 patients with histologically proven malignant melanoma who were attending a dermatology and/or oncology department for the follow-up of their disease. " 07/01/1997 - "In the present study serum levels of S-100 protein beta were measured in 643 patients with cutaneous malignant melanoma. "
2.	Neoplasms (Cancer) 03/01/2005 - "Immunoperoxidase staining S-100 protein and HMB 45 demonstrated immunoreactivity for both, confirming the diagnosis of MM. In conclusion, MMs are rare histologically benign tumors that can be cured by complete surgical resection alone, which should be the goal of the treatment. " 02/01/1987 - "Immunohistochemical identification of the S-100 protein represents an improvement in current histochemical differential diagnosis of these tumors." 01/01/2015 - "Tumors with some histological features consistent with MASC (N= 17, 6.7%) were studied by immunohistochemistry for mammaglobin, STAT5, and S-100 protein and four cases were positive (1.5%), thus the diagnosis of MASC was established, and these were submitted for molecular studies for ETV6-NTRK3. " 01/01/2015 - "The aim of the present study was to elucidate the potential molecular basis of these highly malignant lung tumors by focusing on S100 proteins (S100A2, S100A7, and S100A11), which are downstream targets of oncogenic KRAS and promoters of tumor progression. " 01/01/2015 - "Immunohistochemical study showed that the tumor cells were positive for p63 (10/10), CD117 (10/10) and S-100 protein (9/10). "
3.	Carcinoma (Carcinomatosis) 03/01/2001 - "To study the relationship between S-100 protein and prognosis of laryngeal carcinoma. " 01/01/1987 - "An immunohistochemical study of S-100 protein in 43 nasopharyngeal carcinomas (NPC) of known clinical evolution (33 primary and 10 metastatic) is presented. " 01/01/2010 - "Using immunohistochemistry, the expressions of CK7, CK19, CK20, GCDFP-15, CEA, S-100 protein and bcl-2 were examined to elucidate the cellular differentiation of the carcinoma. " 03/01/2001 - "Our result indicated that the detection of S-100 protein is of value for the prognostic analysis in patients with laryngeal carcinoma." 03/01/2001 - "The result showed that S-100 protein positive were found 43 (63.24%) in 68 laryngeal carcinoma. "
4.	Sarcoma (Soft Tissue Sarcoma) 05/01/1991 - "Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated the presence of a neuroectodermal marker S-100 protein within some sarcoma cells. " 05/01/2011 - "Endothelial markers, S-100 protein, and CD117 do not seem to be of any diagnostic value in uterine sarcomas. " 01/01/2003 - "Whereas CD1a-positive dendritic cells were not detected, S-100 protein-positive or CD83-positive dendritic cells were observed in five sarcoma tissues. " 09/01/1988 - "Almost all the sarcoma cells in every tumour specimen harboured immunoreactivity to both alpha- and beta-subunits of S-100 protein. " 10/01/1997 - "Although the cytomorphologic features may strongly suggest MPNST, clinical correlation is necessary and immunocytochemistry (i.e., S-100 protein) may help to distinguish MPNST from other spindle-cell sarcomas. "
5.	Lymphoma (Lymphomas) 07/01/2010 - "Except for the first three cases, in which the excess of Langerhans cells was identified on routine slides, the remaining cases were disclosed by actively investigating lymphomas with excess of CD68+ histiocytes and performing CD1a and S-100 protein immunostains. " 05/01/1986 - "S-100 protein immunostaining may be used as a helpful immunohistological diagnostic clue to certain malignancies of the immune system (follicular center cell lymphomas) on the basis of their specifically related dendritic cell microenvironment. " 09/01/2006 - "Immunohistochemistry tests gave negative results for LCA, UCHL-1, CD3, and CD20, thereby excluding malignant lymphoma, and the negative results for S-100 protein and HMB-45 ruled out malignant melanoma. " 01/01/1989 - "The present study concerns the immunocytochemical localization of S-100 protein and lysozyme in the cells of canine lymph nodes and lymphomas. " 12/01/2004 - "Most spindle cells were diffusely positive for vimentin, focally positive for CD34, and negative for desmins, smooth muscle actin, S-100 protein, and anaplastic lymphoma kinase-1."

Related Drugs and Biologics

1.	Antibodies
2.	Vimentin
3.	Phosphopyruvate Hydratase (Enolase)
4.	Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein
5.	MART-1 Antigen
6.	Biological Markers (Surrogate Marker)
7.	Keratins (Keratin)
8.	Mucin-1 (CA 15-3 Antigen)
9.	Antigens
10.	Paraffin

Related Therapies and Procedures

1.	Drug Therapy (Chemotherapy)
2.	Heterologous Transplantation (Xenotransplantation)
3.	Prostatectomy (Retropubic Prostatectomy)
4.	Lymph Node Excision (Lymph Node Dissection)
5.	Transplants (Transplant)