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Interstitial Nephritis (Tubulointerstitial Nephritis)

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Inflammation of the interstitial tissue of the kidney. This term is generally used for primary inflammation of KIDNEY TUBULES and/or surrounding interstitium. For primary inflammation of glomerular interstitium, see GLOMERULONEPHRITIS. Infiltration of the inflammatory cells into the interstitial compartment results in EDEMA, increased spaces between the tubules, and tubular renal dysfunction.

Also Known As:

Tubulointerstitial Nephritis; Nephritis, Interstitial; Interstitial Nephritides; Nephritides, Interstitial; Nephritides, Tubulointerstitial; Tubulointerstitial Nephritides; Nephritis, Tubulointerstitial

Networked: 1796 relevant articles (39 outcomes, 69 trials/studies)

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Disease Context: Research Results

Related Diseases

1.	Glomerulonephritis
2.	Acute Kidney Injury (Acute Renal Failure)
3.	Proteinuria
4.	Membranous Glomerulonephritis (Membranous Nephropathy)
5.	Amyloidosis

Experts

1.	Kawano, Mitsuhiro: 9 articles (07/2015 - 01/2011)
2.	Saeki, Takako: 9 articles (03/2015 - 06/2007)
3.	Nishi, Shinichi: 9 articles (01/2015 - 06/2007)
4.	Mizushima, Ichiro: 7 articles (07/2015 - 01/2011)
5.	Imai, Naofumi: 7 articles (01/2015 - 06/2007)
6.	Su, Tao: 7 articles (01/2014 - 04/2010)
7.	Yamaguchi, Yutaka: 6 articles (07/2015 - 01/2007)
8.	Yang, Li: 6 articles (01/2014 - 04/2010)
9.	Yamamoto, Motohisa: 6 articles (02/2012 - 01/2006)
10.	Takahashi, Hiroki: 6 articles (02/2012 - 01/2006)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to Interstitial Nephritis:

1.	SteroidsIBA 03/01/2010 - "Although there have been no controlled clinical trials on the efficacy of steroids in acute interstitial nephritis, it should still be considered if improvement is not evident after drug withdrawal." 05/01/2010 - "Due to the lack of prospective, randomized clinical trials, the most effective management is still uncertain, especially the role of steroids in the resolution of interstitial nephritis remains to be further defined. " 03/01/1991 - "Acute interstitial nephritis is usually self-limiting, but in some studies it is claimed that steroids may promote recovery. " 09/01/2015 - "Steroids are used in the management of drug-induced acute interstitial nephritis (AIN). " 01/01/2014 - "Renal biopsy confirmed acute tubulointerstitial nephritis and he was started on a course of steroids with renal recovery in 72 h. "
2.	Adrenal Cortex Hormones (Corticosteroids)IBA 03/01/2014 - "Corticosteroids in tubulointerstitial nephritis." 01/01/1993 - "Statistical evaluation could not confirm any significant differences between status of renal function at presentation, treatment (corticosteroids versus symptomatic and supportive measures only), and outcome of drug-induced acute interstitial nephritis (AIN). " 07/01/2006 - "Corticosteroids are effective in advanced tubulo-interstitial nephritis due to sarcoidosis. " 01/01/2005 - "Prompt diagnosis and treatment with corticosteroids of the tubulointerstitial nephritis with uveitis (TINU) syndrome may assist in the preservation of renal function. " 06/01/2010 - "The chronic renal failure caused by an interstitial nephritis was treated with corticosteroids and hemodialysis treatment was started. "
3.	Antigen-Antibody Complex (Immune Complex)IBA 04/01/1982 - "The process of rapid clearance of tubulointerstitial immune complexes may allow rapid reversibility of immune injury in tubulointerstitial nephritis." 09/01/2015 - "It may affect renal function either as epithelial disease causing tubulointerstitial nephritis or as an immune complex-mediated glomerulopathy. " 07/01/2015 - "We recommend that IPEX be considered in the differential diagnosis of young children who present with signs of immune dysregulation with a concomitant renal biopsy demonstrating immune complex deposition in a membranous-like pattern and/or interstitial nephritis." 07/01/2011 - "Immune Complex-Mediated Complement Activation in a Patient with IgG4-Related Tubulointerstitial Nephritis." 02/01/2010 - "Hypocomplementaemic immune complex tubulointerstitial nephritis."
4.	Idiopathic minimal change nephrotic syndromeIBA 10/01/2009 - "The role of steroid therapy in acute interstitial nephritis is controversial but is accepted as beneficial in minimal change nephrotic syndrome. " 01/01/2015 - "Renal biopsy was notable for minimal change disease (MCD) with acute and chronic interstitial nephritis. " 09/01/2014 - "A kidney biopsy showed minimal change disease and acute tubulointerstitial nephritis. " 09/01/2014 - "We present a patient with minimal change disease and focal tubulointerstitial nephritis associated with GJD. " 08/01/2005 - "Acute interstitial nephritis predisposed a six-year-old girl to minimal change nephrotic syndrome."
5.	Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibodies (ANCA)IBA 01/01/2007 - "It would be beneficial for SS patients who have positive ANCA to investigate extraglandular lesions such as interstitial nephritis." 01/01/2014 - "We performed immunohistochemistry for tetraspanin-8 on human renal biopsy specimens associated with IgAN, antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated nephropathy and interstitial nephritis, as well as normal renal tissue. " 09/01/2013 - "Acute tubulo-interstitial nephritis with positive anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies." 01/01/2008 - "Kidney biopsy revealed ANCA-mediated focal GN with 10% crescents and acute interstitial nephritis. " 11/01/2005 - "Interstitial nephritis and high titers of PR3-ANCA: an unusual manifestation of ANCA-associated disease."
6.	mycophenolate mofetil (Cellcept)FDA LinkGeneric 07/01/2006 - "Is mycophenolate mofetil a new treatment option in acute interstitial nephritis?" 04/01/2014 - "Idiopathic granulomatous interstitial nephritis responsive to mycophenolate mofetil therapy." 07/01/2006 - "Mycophenolate mofetil for the treatment of interstitial nephritis." 02/01/2012 - "We infer from our case that mycophenolate mofetil can be effective in the control of simultaneous autoimmune pancreatitis and interstitial nephritis." 02/01/2012 - "With autoreactive T cells playing a major role in the pathogenesis of both diseases, a common etiology of pancreatitis and interstitial nephritis can be assumed, and the beneficial effects of an inhibitor of lymphocyte proliferation, such as mycophenolate mofetil, can be explained. "
7.	TinIBA 01/01/2012 - "Tubulointerstitial nephritis (TIN) is a major finding when the kidneys are involved and is effectively treated with corticosteroid therapy. " 07/01/2012 - "In the present study, we attempted to clarify the light-microscopic characteristics of IgG4-related tubulointerstitial nephritis (TIN) to facilitate distinction from non-IgG4-related TIN in specimens obtained by renal biopsy using routine staining. " 08/01/1995 - "Studies in experimental models and human cases provide compelling evidence for immune mechanisms of tubulo-interstitial nephropathy (TIN) or tubulo-interstitial nephritis. " 03/01/2015 - "The kidney is a frequently affected organ with tubulointerstitial nephritis (TIN), the representative lesion of IgG4-RD. " 01/01/2015 - "A kidney biopsy demonstrated the features of tubulointerstitial nephritis (TIN). "
8.	CreatinineIBA 05/01/2012 - "Intrinsic renal impairment rather than interstitial nephritis or competition for creatinine clearance appears responsible for the great majority of cases, and neither an effect of dose nor duration was detected in a univariate analysis. " 04/01/2012 - "Twenty-four cases of biopsy proven acute interstitial nephritis (AIN) were retrospectively selected, based on a first intake of VKA within the previous 12 months as well as an increase of at least 50% of the basal level of serum creatinine. " 11/01/2005 - "However, as interstitial nephritis caused by 5-ASA may rarely occur, we still advocate measurements of serum creatinine before and during treatment." 04/15/2002 - "A biopsy performed on PTD 154 to evaluate a rise in creatinine revealed polyoma virus interstitial nephritis. " 01/01/1996 - "Correlations between the relative volume of the intertubular capillaries in the renal cortex and the serum creatinine concentration in primary glomerulopathies, renal vasculopathies, and chronic interstitial nephritides are reported. "
9.	CalciumIBA 06/01/1966 - "[Renal phosphate and calcium excretion in chronic interstitial nephritis in the dog]." 01/01/1991 - "Interstitial nephritis with extensive calcium deposits as a cause of renal allograft failure." 01/01/2015 - "Previous cases showed acute tubular necrosis and interstitial nephritis with little calcium deposits in the renal interstitium. " 03/26/1988 - "In addition to calcium nephropathy, granulomatous interstitial nephritis and glomerulo-nephritis (GN) account for most cases. " 08/01/1995 - "1) renal changes by abnormal calcium metabolism, 2) interstitial nephritis or granulomatous nephritis, 3) glomerulonephritis and 4) renal vasculitis. "
10.	PuromycinIBA 04/01/1997 - "Role of leucocyte adhesion molecules in aminonucleoside of puromycin (PAN)-associated interstitial nephritis." 02/01/1995 - "Rats receiving a single dose (10 mg/100 g) of aminonucleoside of puromycin (PAN) develop heavy proteinuria and acute interstitial nephritis (AIN). " 01/01/1989 - "Rats receiving a single injection of either aminonucleoside of puromycin (PAN, 10 mg/100 g) or Adriamycin (ADR, 7.5 mg/kg) develop heavy proteinuria and tubulointerstitial nephritis. " 01/01/2000 - "In this study we have investigated the efficacy of calcium antagonists compounds (verapamil, nifedipine and diltiazem) on reversible acute renal insufficiency, proteinuria and interstitial nephritis induced by the puromycin ammonucleoside (PAN). "

Therapies and Procedures

1.	Drug Therapy (Chemotherapy) 06/01/2010 - "Acute tubulointerstitial nephritis related to antituberculous drug therapy." 09/01/1998 - "Tubulointerstitial nephritis may be more common and is most likely linked to drug therapy. " 10/01/2013 - "Tubulointerstitial nephritis and cancer chemotherapy: update on a neglected clinical entity." 01/01/2002 - "Acute interstitial nephritis (AIN) is often induced by drug therapy and accounts for 1%-3% of adult cases of renal failure. " 11/01/1988 - "[Interstitial nephritis developed during maintenance chemotherapy in a child with acute lymphocytic leukemia]."
2.	Protein-Restricted Diet (Diet, Protein Restricted) 11/01/1985 - "It was concluded that low protein diet significantly ameliorates diabetic glomerulopathy but that supplementation with inorganic phosphate in an amount equal to organic phosphate contained in the higher protein diet causes medullary calcification and interstitial nephritis. " 08/01/1995 - "It is acceptable that protein-restricted diet be applied to idiopathic chronic tubulointerstitial nephritis although its effects on the disease still remain equivocal." 11/17/1984 - "When a low protein diet was given for six months renal function improved significantly in nine patients with chronic tubulointerstitial nephritis (p less than 0.025); the diet had a marginally beneficial effect in 12 patients with chronic glomerulonephritis (p less than 0.05) and no effect in nine with hypertensive nephrosclerosis. "
3.	Renal Dialysis (Hemodialysis) 01/01/2015 - "A 66-year-old Japanese man was diagnosed with interstitial nephritis on a renal biopsy at 45 years of age and began to receive hemodialysis at 65 years of age. " 12/10/2012 - "[Case report; A case of IgG4-related tubulointerstitial nephritis diagnosed after the beginning of hemodialysis treatment]." 01/01/1997 - "In the hemodialysis-treated ARF group 12 patients (29.77%) had interstitial nephritis and 2 patients (5.13%) presented with renal impairment for an unspecified period of time preceding the development of overt ARF. " 12/06/1986 - "Renal histology of 5 patients showed acute interstitial nephritis in one and diffuse sclerosing interstitial nephritis in a second patient, whose biopsy was obtained after 3 months' hemodialysis treatment. " 01/01/2010 - "This case showed severe tubulointerstitial nephritis requiring hemodialysis after a cure for autoimmune pancreatitis. "
4.	Transplantation (Transplant Recipients) 05/01/2005 - "Several studies have disclosed a correlation between BKV and interstitial nephritis in renal transplant recipients, and an association between JCV and some cases of nephropathy has recently been hypothesized. " 09/01/2004 - "Several studies have disclosed a correlation between human polyomavirus BK (BKV) and interstitial nephritis in renal transplant recipients. " 07/01/2002 - "Several studies report a correlation between the human polyomavirus BK (BKV) and interstitial nephritis in renal transplant recipients in whom immunosuppressive treatment is thought to allow or induce reactivation of the virus. " 06/01/2014 - "We present the clinical and pathological findings of necrotizing adenoviral nephropathy, highlighting the importance of considering this diagnosis in renal transplant recipients presenting with interstitial nephritis in the setting of a systemic illness. " 03/01/2013 - "Drug-induced acute interstitial nephritis is not only uncommon in renal transplant recipients but is difficult to diagnose as it mimics acute cellular rejection histologically. "
5.	Transplants (Transplant) 12/01/2014 - "Eleven months after KT, the graft function deteriorated and the biopsy demonstrated interstitial nephritis suggestive of acute rejection. " 03/01/2014 - "We report a CMV-negative patient who received a kidney transplant from a CMV-positive donor and subsequently developed CMV glomerulopathy and CMV-associated interstitial nephritis, as observed in 2 sequential kidney biopsies. " 03/01/2014 - "Cytomegalovirus glomerulopathy and cytomegalovirus interstitial nephritis on sequential transplant kidney biopsies." 01/01/2013 - "In transplant patients, renal TB, including tuberculous interstitial nephritis, is an important cause of graft dysfunction. " 04/01/2010 - "BK virus is urotheliotropic and its reactivation causes a form of interstitial nephritis, known as BK or polyoma virus associated nephropathy which is associated with high graft loss if not recognized early. "