Malformed Nails (Pachyonychia)

Deformities in nail structure or appearance, including hypertrophy, splitting, clubbing, furrowing, etc. Genetic diseases such as PACHYONYCHIA CONGENITA can result in malformed nails.

Also Known As:

Networked: 45 relevant articles (1 outcomes, 1 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Disease Context: Research Results

Related Diseases

1.	Psoriasis (Pustulosis Palmaris et Plantaris)
2.	Palmoplantar Keratoderma (Keratosis Palmaris et Plantaris)
3.	Hidrocystoma
4.	Hidradenitis Suppurativa
5.	Benign Familial Pemphigus (Hailey Hailey Disease)

Experts

1.	Ballew, Bari J: 2 articles (10/2014 - 04/2013)
2.	Alter, Blanche P: 2 articles (10/2014 - 04/2013)
3.	Giri, Neelam: 2 articles (10/2014 - 04/2013)
4.	Savage, Sharon A: 2 articles (10/2014 - 04/2013)
5.	Tosti, Antonella: 2 articles (01/2010 - 01/2003)
6.	Piraccini, Bianca Maria: 2 articles (04/2007 - 01/2003)
7.	Iorizzo, Matilde: 2 articles (04/2007 - 01/2003)
8.	Smith, Claire E L: 1 article (10/2015)
9.	Williams, Simon G: 1 article (10/2015)
10.	Mironov, Aleksandr A: 1 article (10/2015)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to Malformed Nails:

1.	Botulinum Toxins (Botulinum Toxin)IBA 05/01/2009 - "Besides palmar and plantar hyperhidrosis, botulinum toxin has demonstrated efficacy in different conditions associated with hyperhidrosis, such as dyshidrosis, multiple eccrine hidrocystomas, hidradenitis suppurativa, Frey syndrome, but also in different conditions worsened by hyperhidrosis such as Hailey-Hailey disease, Darier disease, inversed psoriasis, aquagenic palmoplantar keratoderma, pachyonychia congenital. "
2.	Itraconazole (Sporanox)FDA LinkGeneric 07/01/2010 - "The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of nail abnormalities, onychomycosis in psoriasis and response to itraconazole treatment. "
3.	CosmeticsIBA 10/01/2011 - "Healthy-looking nails are an important part of an individual's body image, and any nail abnormalities may be considered by patients as a significant cosmetic problem, markedly influencing their self-esteem. " 01/01/2010 - "The spectrum of clinical severity is large, and nail abnormalities may cause severe disability or just be a mild cosmetic problem. " 10/01/2005 - "The vast majority of patients experience brittle nails as a significant cosmetic problem and a substantial number indicate that these nail abnormalities are painful, impair daily activities, and may have a negative impact on occupational abilities. " 03/01/1991 - "Nail abnormalities secondary to contact with cosmetic preparations are well documented in the literature. "
4.	RetinoidsIBA 04/01/2007 - "Pharmacologic agents that most frequently produce nail abnormalities include retinoids, indinavir, and cancer chemotherapeutic agents." 01/01/2003 - "Drugs that most frequently produce nail abnormalities include retinoids, indinavir, and cancer chemotherapeutic agents. " 09/01/1999 - "Drugs that are well known to produce nail abnormalities include cancer chemotherapeutic agents, psoralens, retinoids, tetracyclines, antimalarials and zidovudine. "
5.	Indinavir (Crixivan)FDA Link 04/01/2007 - "Pharmacologic agents that most frequently produce nail abnormalities include retinoids, indinavir, and cancer chemotherapeutic agents." 01/01/2003 - "Drugs that most frequently produce nail abnormalities include retinoids, indinavir, and cancer chemotherapeutic agents. "
6.	Paclitaxel (Taxol)FDA LinkGeneric 09/01/2009 - "It is suggested that the administration schedule may influence the incidence of nail abnormalities, for example reported cases linked to the weekly administration of paclitaxel.Before" 01/01/2009 - "Nail abnormalities have been reported primarily with the use of docetaxel, but also with low dose, weekly paclitaxel. "
7.	Keratins (Keratin)IBA 05/01/2001 - "This suggests that this may be a new type of pachyonychia caused by a mutation in a so-called hard keratin." 11/15/2004 - "Keratin disorders are a novel molecular category including quite different phenotypes such as epidermolysis bullosa simplex (EBS), bullous congenital ichthyosiform erthroderma (BCIE), pachyonychia congenital (PC), steatocystoma multiplex, ichthyosis bullosa of Siemens (IBS), and white sponge nevus (WSN) of the orogenital mucosa."
8.	Hoyeraal Hreidarsson syndromeIBA 10/01/2014 - "DC is a clinically heterogeneous disorder diagnosed by the triad of dysplastic nails, abnormal skin pigmentation, and oral leukoplakia; Hoyeraal-Hreidarsson syndrome (HH), a clinically severe variant of DC, also includes cerebellar hypoplasia, immunodeficiency, and intrauterine growth retardation. " 04/01/2013 - "The classic triad of dysplastic nails, abnormal skin pigmentation, and oral leukoplakia is diagnostic of DC, but substantial clinical heterogeneity exists; the clinically severe variant Hoyeraal Hreidarsson syndrome (HH) also includes cerebellar hypoplasia, severe immunodeficiency, enteropathy, and intrauterine growth retardation. "
9.	Deafness enamel hypoplasia nail defectsIBA 03/01/2006 - "Sensorineural deafness, enamel abnormalities and nail abnormalities: a case report of Heimler syndrome in identical twin girls." 10/01/2015 - "Heimler syndrome (HS) is a rare recessive disorder characterized by sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL), amelogenesis imperfecta, nail abnormalities, and occasional or late-onset retinal pigmentation. "
10.	potassium hydroxideIBA 11/01/2008 - "Microscopic examination in potassium hydroxide and culture for fungus were performed on all clinically abnormal nails. " 09/01/2000 - "Tinea unguium was defined as a positive direct examination with potassium hydroxide and culture of the etiological agent from subjects with clinically abnormal nails. "

Therapies and Procedures

1.	Transplantation (Transplant Recipients) 06/01/2006 - "Herein, we evaluate sirolimus-induced nail abnormalities in renal transplant recipients. "
2.	Sutures (Suture) 01/01/1999 - "It is characterized by abnormal facial development, fragility of the bones with relatively mild trauma, cranial abnormalities including widely opened sutures and fontanels frontal bossing, wrinkled skin, finger and nail abnormalities. "
3.	Occlusive Dressings (Occlusive Dressing) 12/01/1978 - "Thirty-five patients with a variety of nail abnormalities were successfully treated using urea preparations under occlusive dressings. "
4.	Anesthesia 08/01/1992 - "Prerequisites for nail biopsy are an understanding of the surgical anatomy of the nail, adequate anesthesia and hemostasis, and a nail abnormality for which histopathology can provide the diagnosis. "
5.	Amputation 10/01/2010 - "The only negative aspect was abnormal nail growth in a case of distal partial amputation of a finger. "