Myofascial Pain Syndromes (Myofascial Pain Syndrome)

Muscular pain in numerous body regions that can be reproduced by pressure on trigger points, localized hardenings in skeletal muscle tissue. Pain is referred to a location distant from the trigger points. A prime example is the TEMPOROMANDIBULAR JOINT DYSFUNCTION SYNDROME.

Also Known As:

Networked: 196 relevant articles (32 outcomes, 64 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Disease Context: Research Results

Related Diseases

1.	Pain (Aches)
2.	Tension-Type Headache (Tension Headache)
3.	Low Back Pain (Lumbago)
4.	Headache (Headaches)
5.	Fibromyalgia (Fibrositis)

Experts

1.	Hong, Chang-Zern: 6 articles (01/2015 - 07/2002)
2.	Kuan, Ta-Shen: 5 articles (01/2015 - 07/2002)
3.	Chou, Li-Wei: 4 articles (01/2015 - 02/2010)
4.	Caumo, Wolnei: 3 articles (11/2015 - 03/2014)
5.	Torres, Iraci L S: 3 articles (11/2015 - 03/2014)
6.	Fregni, Felipe: 3 articles (11/2015 - 03/2014)
7.	Ge, Hong-You: 3 articles (06/2012 - 02/2009)
8.	Arendt-Nielsen, Lars: 3 articles (06/2012 - 02/2009)
9.	Fernández-de-Las-Peñas, César: 3 articles (04/2012 - 02/2011)
10.	Smith, Howard S: 3 articles (12/2007 - 11/2002)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to Myofascial Pain Syndromes:

1.	Lidocaine (Xylocaine)FDA LinkGeneric 01/01/2007 - "Lidocaine injection into myofascial trigger points appears effective in two trials. " 12/01/2007 - "To compare the efficacy of acupuncture needling and 0.5% lidocaine injection of trigger points in myofascial pain syndrome of elderly patients. " 10/01/2012 - "The aim of this study was to compare topical 5% lidocaine patch with placebo patch in the treatment of myofascial pain syndrome of the upper trapezius. " 10/01/2012 - "Therapeutic effects of lidocaine patch on myofascial pain syndrome of the upper trapezius: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study." 01/01/2009 - "This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of lidocaine iontophoresis for inactivation of trigger points (TrPs) in the treatment of myofascial pain syndrome (MPS). "
2.	Botulinum Toxins (Botulinum Toxin)IBA 07/01/2007 - "The aim of this study was to carry out a systematic review to assess the evidence for efficacy of Botulinum toxin A (BTA) compared with placebo for myofascial trigger point injection. " 03/01/2013 - "Effect of electrical stimulation on botulinum toxin a therapy in patients with chronic myofascial pain syndrome: a 16-week randomized double-blinded study." 01/01/2013 - "Although the use of botulinum toxin to treat myofascial pain syndrome (MPS) has been investigated in many clinical trials, the results are contradictory. " 10/01/2012 - "The studies of the effect of botulinum toxin treatment of myofascial trigger points have had mixed results. " 10/01/2012 - "Problems that were common to the studies were robust placebo responders, incomplete treatment of a regional myofascial pain syndrome, inappropriate or confounding control populations or treatments, and inappropriate time periods for assessment of outcomes, or misinterpretation of the time-frame of action of botulinum toxin. "
3.	salicylhydroxamic acid (SHAM)IBA 03/01/2013 - "The objective of this study was to test the hypothesis that dry needling is more effective than sham dry needling in the treatment of myofascial pain syndrome (MPS). " 12/01/2012 - "The experimental group (n = 37) underwent 10 sessions of myofascial trigger point deactivation and the control group (n = 34), 10 sessions with sham deactivation. " 09/01/2002 - "Every patient was treated once with needle acupuncture at distant points, dry needling (DN) of local myofascial trigger points and sham laser acupuncture (Sham). " 10/01/2012 - "The effect of interactive neurostimulation therapy on myofascial trigger points associated with mechanical neck pain: a preliminary randomized, sham-controlled trial." 09/01/2009 - "to develop a sham needle device and test its credibility as a control for acupuncture when used in a randomised controlled trial of myofascial trigger point needling in patients with whiplash associated pain. "
4.	Type A Botulinum Toxins (Botulinum A Toxin)FDA Link 02/01/2014 - "A critical appraisal of the evidence for botulinum toxin type A in the treatment for cervico-thoracic myofascial pain syndrome." 01/01/2014 - "Botulinum toxin type A and myofascial pain syndrome: a retrospective study of 301 patients." 07/21/2011 - "[Treatment of myofascial pain syndrome (MPS) with botulinum toxin type A (BoNT-A)]." 01/01/2014 - "Botulinum toxin type A (BTX-A) intramuscular injections have been used for the treatment of myofascial pain syndrome (MPS), although its efficacy remains still unknown and its safety is controversial. " 01/01/2004 - "Botulinum toxin type A (BTX-A) has been shown to be effective in the treatment of myofascial pain syndrome and headache. "
5.	3- (2- carboxypiperazin- 4- yl)propyl- 1- phosphonic acid (CPP)IBA 11/01/2009 - "Abdominal myofascial pain syndrome is a highly prevalent disease associated with CPP, and because of this physicians should get used to make a precise and early diagnosis in order to avoid additional and unnecessary investigation." 03/01/2015 - "Myofascial pain syndrome of the pelvic floor (MPSPF) is a common disease in the context of chronic pelvic pain (CPP); however, there is currently no gold-standard test to diagnose it. " 03/01/2008 - "The purpose of this study was then to investigate the prevalence of major depression in chronic pain patients (CPP) with myofascial pain syndrome (MPS) and to investigate the relationship between some clinical parameters and level of depression, utilizing a healthy control group without MPS. "
6.	abobotulinumtoxinAFDA Link 11/01/2006 - "In this study we evaluated the efficacy and tolerability of BoNT-A (Dysport) in patients with myofascial pain syndrome of the upper back. " 11/01/2006 - "Efficacy and safety of a single botulinum type A toxin complex treatment (Dysport) for the relief of upper back myofascial pain syndrome: results from a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled multicentre study." 11/01/2006 - "Patients with moderate-to-severe myofascial pain syndrome affecting cervical and/or shoulder muscles (10 trigger points, disease duration 6-24 months) were randomized to Dysport or saline. " 11/01/2011 - "This was a prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, 12-week, multicenter study to evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of fixed location injections of botulinum type A toxin (BoNT-A, Dysport) in predetermined injection sites in patients with myofascial pain syndrome of the upper back. " 11/01/2006 - "In conclusion, in patients with upper back myofascial pain syndrome, injections of 400 Ipsen units of Dysport at 10 individualised trigger points significantly improved pain levels 4-6 weeks after treatment. "
7.	EMLAFDA LinkGeneric 04/01/2014 - "Efficacy of EMLA cream phonophoresis comparison with ultrasound therapy on myofascial pain syndrome of the trapezius: a single-blind, randomized clinical study." 04/01/2014 - "The aim of this study is to investigate whether eutectic mixture of local anesthetics (EMLA) cream phonophoresis superior to conventional US over the trigger points (TPs) in terms of improvements of pain, range of motion and disability in myofascial pain syndrome (MPS). "
8.	thiocolchicosideIBA 07/01/2009 - "The efficacy of topical thiocolchicoside (Muscoril) in the treatment of acute cervical myofascial pain syndrome: a single-blind, randomized, prospective, phase IV clinical study." 07/01/2009 - "Thiocolchicoside can be used in the treatment of myofascial pain syndrome. "
9.	tropisetron (Navoban)IBA 01/01/2004 - "Local injections of tropisetron as a treatment for trigger points in myofascial pain syndrome also brought about rapid and prolonged relief in the majority of cases. " 01/01/2004 - "The patients with painful tendinopathies and myofascial pain syndromes were treated with local injections of 5-10 mg tropisetron, and patients with degenerative processes were treated for 5 days with an intravenous (i.v.) bolus injection of 5 mg tropisetron (Navoban). " 01/01/2004 - "Local treatment of tendinopathies and myofascial pain syndromes with the 5-HT3 receptor antagonist tropisetron." 06/01/2003 - "Local injection of the 5-HT3 receptor antagonist tropisetron manifests a distinct analgesic effect in various local diseases of the locomotor system such as tendinopathies, peri-arthropathies,myofascial pain syndrome, in trigger points, and in inflammatory joint processes.This" 01/01/2004 - "After it had been proven that systemic application of the 5-HT3 receptor antagonist tropisetron exerts an analgesic effect on musculoskeletal pain in fibromyalgia, we investigated the efficacy of the substance in tendinopathies and myofascial pain syndromes. "
10.	5-HT3 Serotonin Receptors (5 HT3 Receptor)IBA 01/01/2004 - "Local treatment of tendinopathies and myofascial pain syndromes with the 5-HT3 receptor antagonist tropisetron." 06/01/2003 - "Local injection of the 5-HT3 receptor antagonist tropisetron manifests a distinct analgesic effect in various local diseases of the locomotor system such as tendinopathies, peri-arthropathies,myofascial pain syndrome, in trigger points, and in inflammatory joint processes.This" 01/01/2004 - "After it had been proven that systemic application of the 5-HT3 receptor antagonist tropisetron exerts an analgesic effect on musculoskeletal pain in fibromyalgia, we investigated the efficacy of the substance in tendinopathies and myofascial pain syndromes. "

Therapies and Procedures

1.	Injections 06/01/1995 - "Our study shows that injections of sterile water are substantially more painful but demonstrate no better clinical outcome than similar injections of saline as a method to treat patients with chronic myofascial pain syndrome." 09/01/1994 - "The purpose of this study was to investigate factors that may influence the outcome of trigger point injections for myofascial pain syndrome. " 08/01/2013 - "Trigger point injections combined with ischemic compression shows better effects on treatment of myofascial trigger points in the upper trapezius muscle than the only trigger point injections therapy. " 08/01/2013 - "SIXTY PATIENTS WITH ACTIVE MYOFASCIAL TRIGGER POINTS IN UPPER TRAPEZIUS MUSCLE WERE RANDOMLY DIVIDED INTO THREE GROUPS: group 1 (n=20) received only trigger point injections, group 2 (n=20) received trigger point injections with 30 seconds of ischemic compression, and group 3 (n=20) received trigger point injections with 60 seconds of ischemic compression. " 10/01/2012 - "This is a review of literature relevant to the treatment of myofascial pain syndrome by botulinum injections. "
2.	Low-Level Laser Therapy (LLLT) 01/01/2015 - "Efficacy of low level laser therapy and intramuscular electrical stimulation on myofascial pain syndrome." 06/01/2007 - "The efficacy of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) in myofascial pain syndrome (MPS) seems controversial. " 01/01/2003 - "The efficacy of low level laser therapy (LLLT) in myofascial pain syndrome (MPS) seems controversial. " 01/01/2003 - "Efficacy of low level laser therapy in myofascial pain syndrome: an algometric and thermographic evaluation." 09/01/2014 - "Ultrasound (US) and low-level laser therapy (LLLT) are commonly employed for myofascial trigger points (MTP) despite lack of evidence for usage as stand-alone treatments. "
3.	Massage (Reflexology) 02/01/2002 - "In normal healthy subjects myofascial trigger-point massage therapy to the head, neck and shoulder areas is effective in increasing cardiac parasympathetic activity and improving measures of relaxation." 07/01/1998 - "The effect of treatment with ultrasound, massage and exercises on myofascial trigger-points (MTrP) in the neck and shoulder was assessed in a randomised controlled trial. " 07/01/1998 - "Treatment of myofascial trigger-points with ultrasound combined with massage and exercise--a randomised controlled trial." 08/01/2010 - "Clinical massage and modified Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation stretching in males with latent myofascial trigger points." 02/01/2002 - "Analysis of heart rate variability revealed a significant increase in parasympathetic activity (P < 0.01) following myofascial trigger-point massage therapy. "
4.	Phonophoresis 09/01/2011 - "Comparison the efficacy of phonophoresis and ultrasound therapy in myofascial pain syndrome." 09/01/2011 - "The aim of this study is to compare the effect of phonophoresis, ultrasound and placebo ultrasound therapies in the treatment of myofascial pain syndrome (MPS). " 04/01/2014 - "Efficacy of EMLA cream phonophoresis comparison with ultrasound therapy on myofascial pain syndrome of the trapezius: a single-blind, randomized clinical study." 01/01/2012 - "The effects of pressure release, phonophoresis of hydrocortisone, and ultrasound on upper trapezius latent myofascial trigger point." 01/01/2012 - "To compare the effects of pressure release (PR), phonophoresis of hydrocortisone (PhH) 1%, and ultrasonic therapy (UT) in patients with an upper trapezius latent myofascial trigger point (MTP). "
5.	Aftercare (After-Treatment) 11/01/2011 - "Fixed-location treatment with BoNT-A of patients with upper back myofascial pain syndrome did not lead to a significant improvement of the main target parameter in week 5 after treatment. " 03/01/2013 - "To determine the prevalence of myofascial trigger points (MTrPs) in the gluteus medius (GMe) and quadratus lumborum (QL) for subjects with patellofemoral pain (PFP), and to examine the relationship between MTrPs and force production of the GMe after treatment. " 11/01/2006 - "In conclusion, in patients with upper back myofascial pain syndrome, injections of 400 Ipsen units of Dysport at 10 individualised trigger points significantly improved pain levels 4-6 weeks after treatment. "