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Cardiomyopathies (Cardiomyopathy)

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A group of diseases in which the dominant feature is the involvement of the CARDIAC MUSCLE itself. Cardiomyopathies are classified according to their predominant pathophysiological features (DILATED CARDIOMYOPATHY; HYPERTROPHIC CARDIOMYOPATHY; RESTRICTIVE CARDIOMYOPATHY) or their etiological/pathological factors (CARDIOMYOPATHY, ALCOHOLIC; ENDOCARDIAL FIBROELASTOSIS).

Also Known As:

Cardiomyopathy; Myocardiopathy; Myocardial Diseases; Cardiomyopathies, Primary; Cardiomyopathies, Secondary; Primary Myocardial Diseases; Secondary Myocardial Diseases; Cardiomyopathy, Primary; Cardiomyopathy, Secondary; Disease, Myocardial; Disease, Primary Myocardial; Disease, Secondary Myocardial; Diseases, Myocardial; Diseases, Primary Myocardial; Diseases, Secondary Myocardial; Myocardial Disease; Myocardial Disease, Primary; Myocardial Disease, Secondary; Primary Cardiomyopathies; Primary Cardiomyopathy; Primary Myocardial Disease; Secondary Cardiomyopathies; Secondary Cardiomyopathy; Secondary Myocardial Disease; Myocardial Diseases, Primary; Myocardial Diseases, Secondary; Myocardiopathies

Networked: 10042 relevant articles (433 outcomes, 967 trials/studies)

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Disease Context: Research Results

Related Diseases

1.	Heart Failure
2.	Fibrosis (Cirrhosis)
3.	Neoplasms (Cancer)
4.	Myocarditis (Carditis)
5.	Inflammation

Experts

1.	Towbin, Jeffrey A: 30 articles (11/2015 - 03/2002)
2.	Katus, Hugo A: 26 articles (11/2015 - 12/2004)
3.	Sawa, Yoshiki: 25 articles (10/2015 - 11/2002)
4.	Bax, Jeroen J: 24 articles (04/2013 - 09/2002)
5.	Lipshultz, Steven E: 20 articles (11/2015 - 01/2004)
6.	Schultheiss, Heinz-Peter: 20 articles (10/2015 - 12/2002)
7.	Feldman, Arthur M: 20 articles (08/2015 - 05/2002)
8.	Worman, Howard J: 20 articles (10/2014 - 06/2002)
9.	Robbins, Jeffrey: 19 articles (12/2014 - 11/2003)
10.	Wang, Xuejun: 18 articles (09/2015 - 11/2003)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to Cardiomyopathies:

1.	Doxorubicin (Adriamycin)FDA LinkGeneric 11/01/2010 - "Following standardized exposure to doxorubicin to induce experimental cardiomyopathy, cardiac function and survival was significantly improved in the transgenic mice. " 04/01/2010 - "Doxorubicin was effective in the promotion of macro and microscopic alterations in the cardiac tissue of rats, possibly constituting a model for the experimental study of myocardiopathy." 05/01/2008 - "Autologous mononuclear stem cell therapy was not functionally effective in doxorubicin-induced dilated myocardiopathy in the animal model under study with the experimental conditions, despite occurrence of angiogenic activity." 12/01/2014 - "As a classical formula, Sini decoction (SND) has been fully proved to be clinically effective in treating doxorubicin (DOX)-induced cardiomyopathy. " 01/01/2010 - "Unfortunately, no effective treatment for established doxorubicin cardiomyopathy is presently available. "
2.	carvedilol (Coreg)FDA LinkGeneric 12/01/2005 - "As it follows from our experience dilatrend is very effective for treatment of dilatative cardiomyopathy of alcoholic genesis." 11/01/2004 - "Five cases of anthracycline-induced cardiomyopathy effectively treated with carvedilol." 01/01/1996 - "In ischemic cardiomyopathy, carvedilol appears to be effective to improve prognosis. " 03/01/2011 - "Carvedilol exerted protective effects against volume-overload cardiomyopathy in this model of aortic valve regurgitation with preserved ejection fraction. " 12/05/2006 - "Protective effects of carvedilol against anthracycline-induced cardiomyopathy."
3.	Carnitine (L-Carnitine)FDA LinkGeneric 09/01/1987 - "This is the first study demonstrating that high-dose L-carnitine treatment results in improved cardiac performance and increased myocardial total high-energy phosphate stores in the Syrian hamster model with one of two distinct forms of cardiomyopathy, i.e., dilated or hypertrophic. " 12/01/2012 - "The objective of this study was to investigate clinical features of carnitine deficiency-induced cardiomyopathy and the therapeutic efficacy of L-carnitine administration. " 01/01/1987 - "Protective effects of carnitine have been described in different myocardial diseases. " 12/01/2002 - "Her health improved with resolving cardiomyopathy after the use of L-carnitine (50-100 mg/kg/day). " 12/01/2000 - "Cardiomyopathy was not improved by carnitine therapy. "
4.	IronIBA 01/08/2009 - "This concept is thus supported by the present study in that iron chelation alone does not appear to be sufficient for protection against anthracycline-induced cardiomyopathy." 01/01/2015 - "Previous studies with gerbil models have suggested that excessive iron exposure causes cardiomyopathy and hepatic injury, but pathological analysis was not comprehensive, preventing a detailed understanding of how the metal induces this damage. " 01/01/2015 - "Iron-induced damage in cardiomyopathy: oxidative-dependent and independent mechanisms." 04/01/2014 - "Iron cardiomyopathy remains the major cause of death in β-thalassaemia major. " 11/01/2013 - "Thus, clinically significant hepatic and cardiac iron accumulation occurs at an early age in patients on chronic transfusions, particularly in those with ineffective or absent erythropoiesis, such as DBA, CDA, and TM, who are at higher risk for iron cardiomyopathy. "
5.	coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10)IBA 02/01/1985 - "This biochemistry correlates with the effective treatment of cardiomyopathy with CoQ10." 01/01/1990 - "Coenzyme Q10 is safe and effective long-term therapy for chronic cardiomyopathy." 07/01/1988 - "Effective and safe therapy with coenzyme Q10 for cardiomyopathy." 10/15/2001 - "Is coenzyme Q10 helpful for patients with idiopathic cardiomyopathy?" 10/15/2001 - "Is coenzyme Q10 helpful for patients with idiopathic cardiomyopathy?"
6.	human GAA protein (Myozyme)FDA Link 01/01/2014 - "Enzyme replacement therapy using recombinant human GAA (rhGAA) has proven beneficial in addressing several aspects of the disease such as cardiomyopathy and aberrant motor function. " 05/01/2007 - "Reversal of cardiomyopathy and improved motor function have been shown in clinical trials of rhGAA enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) with alglucosidase alfa (Myozyme), recently approved for clinical use. " 08/01/2011 - "Enzyme replacement therapy with rhGAA (Myozyme®) has lead to improved survival, which is largely attributable to improvements in cardiomyopathy and skeletal muscle function. " 01/01/2005 - "Both clinical data and the results of preclinical studies in our knockout model of this disease show that rhGAA is much more effective in resolving the cardiomyopathy than the skeletal muscle myopathy. " 04/01/2007 - "Results of clinical trials in infantile Pompe disease with alglucosidase alfa (Myozyme) showed prolonged survival reversal of cardiomyopathy, and motor gains. "
7.	Probucol (Lorelco)FDA Link 06/01/1994 - "The study suggests potential usefulness of antioxidant (probucol) therapy in ADR cardiomyopathy." 11/01/2003 - "Probucol has been reported to completely prevent DOX-induced cardiomyopathy. " 06/01/2000 - "An increase in oxidative stress, GSHPx inactivation and MnSOD downregulation during ADR cardiomyopathy were prevented by probucol treatment." 06/01/2000 - "Probucol has been reported to completely prevent ADR cardiomyopathy without interfering with its antitumor effects. " 10/01/2009 - "Attention should be drawn to probucol, a lipid-lowering agent with potent antioxidant properties, which provides complete protection against Dox-induced cardiomyopathy in rats without interfering with the antitumor properties of Dox in an experimental setting. "
8.	AntioxidantsIBA 10/01/1997 - "Controversies about the different antioxidants in preventing cardiomyopathy likely stem from the fact that antioxidants must be effective in both the lipid and water phases, and the dose must be optimal, in order to be protective. " 06/01/2011 - "Little is known about the utility of antioxidants in the prevention of this drug-induced cardiomyopathy. " 04/01/2001 - "To examine the extent to which advanced cardiomyopathy results in a depletion of nutrients and/or metabolites and antioxidants, and whether supplementation with these nutrients may influence cellular structure or function. " 01/01/1992 - "Antioxidants and the cardiomyopathy of Mg-deficiency." 04/01/2011 - "These data indicate the critical role of mitochondrial ROS in cardiac hypertrophy and failure and support the potential use of mitochondrial-targeted antioxidants for prevention and treatment of hypertensive cardiomyopathy."
9.	Isoproterenol (Isoprenaline)FDA LinkGeneric 12/01/1990 - "The article studies the dynamics of changes of the parameters of the functional activity using chemiluminescent and turbidimetric methods as well as blood plasma myocardium and liver homogenates in isoprenaline cardiomyopathy in rats. " 12/01/1981 - "An electron microscopic study of cardiac lesions induced in rats by isoproterenol and by repeated stress is described, and a possible pathogenetic mechanism of idiopathic cardiomyopathy is proposed. " 01/01/1981 - "Experimental study on the effect of CoQ-10 administration to isoproterenol-induced cardiomyopathy of rats." 10/01/2015 - "Cardiomyopathy was induced (day 28) by infusion of L-isoproterenol (1,100 ug/kg/hour) from Alzet minipumps for 10 days. " 01/01/2015 - "Sixty male Sprague Dawley rats were randomly assigned to Control (n = 10) and isoproterenol (ISO)-induced cardiomyopathy group (n = 50). "
10.	Chelating AgentsIBA 06/01/2012 - "Further studies are needed to assess the possible use of CCBs as non-traditional chelating agents for treatment of iron overload cardiomyopathy." 10/01/2013 - "Iron chelators and nuclear magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) techniques for assessing iron loading in liver and heart have greatly improved survival of thalassemic patients suffering iron overload-associated cardiomyopathy. " 01/01/2014 - "Despite that many chelators inhibit FRD in vitro and in vivo, only Deferiprone (L1) has been shown to be effective and safe in the reversal of oxidative stress related tissue damage in iron overload and other conditions such as cardiomyopathy, acute kidney disease, Friedreich ataxia etc. Deferiprone, other chelators and their combinations could be used as main, adjuvant and alternative therapies in untreated conditions eg forms of cancer, Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases. " 05/01/2000 - "This picture rationalizes the limited protective efficacy of antioxidants against chronic cardiomyopathy vis-à-vis the better protection offered by iron chelators, and forms the basis for developing analogues which produce less DOXol." 01/01/2007 - "Aroylhydrazone lipophilic iron chelators have shown promising results in the rabbit model of daunorubicin-induced cardiomyopathy as well as in cellular models. "

Therapies and Procedures

1.	Heart Transplantation (Grafting, Heart) 01/01/2015 - "Cardiac transplantation is the best treatment available for patients with end-stage cardiomyopathy. " 02/15/2006 - "Infant heart transplantation is highly successful therapy for severe congenital heart malformations and cardiomyopathies. " 06/25/2002 - "Heart transplantation is the most effective treatment for the otherwise lethal cardiomyopathy. " 07/01/1990 - "Since the early 1980s, a rapid increase in successful pediatric heart transplantation has improved the chance of survival for many children suffering from otherwise fatal cardiomyopathies or congenital cardiac defects. " 03/01/1994 - "Prediction of improvement in recent onset cardiomyopathy after referral for heart transplantation."
2.	Transplantation (Transplant Recipients) 04/03/2007 - "Neutralizing risk of severe LVD has improved early and late survival such that aortic valve surgery for chronic AR and cardiomyopathy is no longer a high-risk procedure for which transplantation is the best option." 10/01/2006 - "And the heart function of the rats with cardiomyopathy was significantly improved after transplantation. " 09/11/2012 - "We hypothesized that hiPS-CM-sheet transplantation would be feasible, safe, and therapeutically effective for the treatment of ischemic cardiomyopathy. " 06/01/1992 - "In conclusion, the HeartMate 1000 IP LVAD has been shown to be effective in supporting end-stage cardiomyopathy patients to transplantation. " 08/01/2015 - "We hypothesized that the transplantation of MSC sheets may be a feasible, safe, and effective treatment for ischemic cardiomyopathy (ICM). "
3.	Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy 12/01/2015 - "Efficacy of optimal medical therapy and cardiac resynchronization therapy upgrade in patients with pacemaker-induced cardiomyopathy." 10/01/2009 - "We report the case of a 63-year-old man with ischemic cardiomyopathy and long-standing ED, who experienced significant improvement of his sexual function following biventricular pacing device implantation. " 03/01/2007 - "It was shown that improvement in left ventricular (LV) function and reverse remodeling after cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) were greater in patients with nonischemic cardiomyopathy than in those with ischemic cardiomyopathy. " 10/01/2010 - "Is "hyper response" to cardiac resynchronization therapy in patients with nonischemic cardiomyopathy a recovery, a remission, or a control?" 06/01/2006 - "Clinical improvement with biventricular pacing is likely related to reduction in ventricular dysynchrony in patients with cardiomyopathy. "
4.	Coronary Artery Bypass (Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery) 12/01/2000 - "After coronary artery bypass grafting, our patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy and significant left ventricular (LV) dilation demonstrated an improvement in angina symptoms, acceptable operative and medium-term survival, a trend toward improvement in LV ejection fraction, and a significant reduction in LV chamber size. " 02/01/2004 - "Coronary artery bypass with ventricular restoration is superior to coronary artery bypass alone in patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy." 09/01/2008 - "Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) is an effective treatment for ischemic cardiomyopathy. " 01/01/2000 - "The objective of this study was to determine whether preoperative estimates of regional myocardial uptake of (18)-F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) could predict postoperative improvement in ejection fraction in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) for ischemic cardiomyopathy. " 11/01/2004 - "Patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting improved their ventricular function when the preoperative adverse histopathological alterations were of a lower degree."
5.	Drug Therapy (Chemotherapy) 07/01/2014 - "Efficacy of chronic drug therapy in prevention of stress-induced cardiomyopathy recurrences is not well established. " 11/01/2014 - "Several clinical trials are currently underway to determine the efficacy of cardioprotective medications for the prevention of chemotherapy-associated cardiomyopathy. " 08/01/2013 - "Our study suggests that RFA may be considered the method of choice for SVT treatment in small children when drug therapy is ineffective and arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy progresses." 11/01/2011 - "Currently there are no guidelines developed specifically for the treatment of chemotherapy induced cardiomyopathy (CIC), however a few small studies support the use of neurohormonal antagonists in the treatment and prevention of CIC. " 03/01/2008 - "Early diagnosis of chemotherapy-induced cardiomyopathy: a prospective tissue Doppler imaging study."