Mycophenolic Acid

An antibiotic substance derived from Penicillium stoloniferum, and related species. It blocks de novo biosynthesis of purine nucleotides by inhibition of the enzyme inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase. Mycophenolic acid is important because of its selective effects on the immune system. It prevents the proliferation of T-cells, lymphocytes, and the formation of antibodies from B-cells. It also may inhibit recruitment of leukocytes to inflammatory sites. (From Gilman et al., Goodman and Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 9th ed, p1301)

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Networked: 302 relevant articles (18 outcomes, 32 trials/studies)

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Drug Context: Research Results

Experts

1.	van Gelder, Teun: 6 articles (06/2012 - 06/2007)
2.	Tett, Susan E: 5 articles (11/2015 - 06/2004)
3.	Vinks, Alexander A: 5 articles (05/2012 - 05/2008)
4.	Oellerich, Michael: 5 articles (04/2011 - 06/2007)
5.	Tomillero, A: 5 articles (12/2010 - 09/2008)
6.	Moral, M A: 5 articles (12/2010 - 09/2008)
7.	Fukuda, Tsuyoshi: 4 articles (05/2012 - 01/2011)
8.	Brunner, Hermine I: 4 articles (05/2012 - 01/2011)
9.	Armstrong, Victor W: 4 articles (04/2011 - 03/2008)
10.	Joy, Melanie S: 4 articles (11/2010 - 01/2009)

Related Diseases

1.	Psoriasis (Pustulosis Palmaris et Plantaris) 09/01/1977 - "The position of mycophenolic acid in the therapeutic treatment of psoriasis must await the results of a multicenter cooperative study." 05/01/2000 - "Mycophenolic acid is effective for systemic treatment of psoriasis. " 09/01/1997 - "Oral mycophenolic acid (MPA) therapy has been investigated in the treatment of moderate to severe psoriasis since the early 1970s and has been found to be both safe and effective. " 05/01/2000 - "Lack of efficacy of topical mycophenolic acid in psoriasis vulgaris." 12/01/1979 - "Efficacy of mycophenolic acid for the treatment of psoriasis."
2.	Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (Libman-Sacks Disease) 04/01/2012 - "Effective plasma concentrations of mycophenolic acid and its glucuronide in systemic lupus erythematosus patients in the remission-maintenance phase." 01/01/2011 - "Pharmacokinetic variability of mycophenolic acid and its glucuronide in systemic lupus erythematosus patients in remission maintenance phase." 01/01/2011 - "The aim of this study was to identify factors affecting the pharmacokinetics of mycophenolic acid (MPA) and its 7-O-glucuronide (MPAG) in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients. " 06/01/2001 - "The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of the immunomodulating drug mycophenolic acid (MPA) on splenocytes in an animal model of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), using MRLlpr/lpr mice. " 05/01/2012 - "Development of population PK model with enterohepatic circulation for mycophenolic acid in patients with childhood-onset systemic lupus erythematosus."
3.	Lupus Nephritis 12/01/2015 - "Therapeutic monitoring of the serum mycophenolic acid level to enhance the efficacy of MMF in lupus nephritis is being explored. " 08/01/2010 - "Mycophenolic acid (MPA) is an effective treatment for active lupus nephritis despite its variable efficacy in different ethnic groups. " 12/01/2015 - "Therapeutic Drug Monitoring of Mycophenolic Acid in Lupus Nephritis: A Review of Current Literature." 06/01/2013 - "Plasma mycophenolic acid (MPA) concentrations may predict therapeutic response in active lupus nephritis (LN). " 08/01/2010 - "Lertdumrongluk et al. suggest that mycophenolic acid exposure may predict therapeutic responses in severe lupus nephritis, and their initial results confirm that hypothesis. "
4.	Infection 05/01/2015 - "In conclusion mycophenolic acid is a potent inducer of HSC apoptosis and attenuates HSC activation and consecutively fibrogenesis in HCV infection. " 07/01/2008 - "Mycophenolic acid (MPA) is used clinically to prevent graft rejection but may increase the risk of fungal infection. " 03/01/2005 - "The exposure to unbound mycophenolic acid was significantly related to infections and haematological toxicity." 07/01/2000 - "Effects of mycophenolic acid on human immunodeficiency virus infection in vitro and in vivo." 03/01/2000 - "This new vector can express the gpt product on infection and works as a positive selective marker for mycophenolic acid (MPA) resistance, a potent immunosuppressive drug used in organ rejection therapy. "
5.	Neoplasms (Cancer) 01/01/1994 - "Mycophenolic acid is effective against a wide range of experimental tumors in rodents when given orally, despite rapid metabolism to the inactive glucuronide derivative and rapid clearance from plasma. " 01/01/2009 - "The necrotic signal induced by mycophenolic acid overcomes apoptosis-resistance in tumor cells." 05/04/2006 - "Mycophenolic acid (MPA), an immunosuppressive drug, was found to potently inhibit endothelial cell proliferation in vitro and block tumor-induced angiogenesis in vivo. " 01/01/1994 - "The persistence of mycophenolic acid in proliferating cells may account for the effectiveness of once daily dosing against rapidly growing experimental tumors. " 02/01/1981 - "A newly synthesized mycophenolic acid (MPA) derivative, ethyl O-[N-(p-carboxyphenyl)-carbamoyl]-mycophenolate (CAM, NSC-297879D) was tested for antitumor activity, when given orally, against transplantable murine tumors. "

Related Drugs and Biologics

1.	mycophenolate mofetil (Cellcept)
2.	Cyclosporine (Ciclosporin)
3.	Tacrolimus (Prograf)
4.	Immunosuppressive Agents (Immunosuppressants)
5.	Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP)
6.	Glucocorticoids
7.	Prednisone (Sone)
8.	Mitomycin (Mitomycin-C)
9.	Cytokines
10.	5'-Guanylic Acid (GMP)

Related Therapies and Procedures

1.	Transplantation (Transplant Recipients)
2.	Transplants (Transplant)
3.	Liver Transplantation
4.	Kidney Transplantation
5.	Homologous Transplantation (Allograft)