Melanocyte-Stimulating Hormones (MSH)

Peptides with the ability to stimulate pigmented cells MELANOCYTES in mammals and MELANOPHORES in lower vertebrates. By stimulating the synthesis and distribution of MELANIN in these pigmented cells, they increase coloration of skin and other tissue. MSHs, derived from pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC), are produced by MELANOTROPHS in the INTERMEDIATE LOBE OF PITUITARY; CORTICOTROPHS in the ANTERIOR LOBE OF PITUITARY, and the hypothalamic neurons in the ARCUATE NUCLEUS OF HYPOTHALAMUS.

Also Known As:

Networked: 1119 relevant articles (57 outcomes, 156 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Bio-Agent Context: Research Results

Experts

1.	Akihisa, Toshihiro: 20 articles (01/2020 - 06/2012)
2.	Zhang, Jie: 16 articles (08/2020 - 06/2012)
3.	Miao, Yubin: 14 articles (01/2022 - 08/2009)
4.	Moon, Hyung Ryong: 12 articles (05/2021 - 04/2012)
5.	Chung, Hae Young: 12 articles (12/2018 - 04/2012)
6.	Kim, Youngsoo: 11 articles (01/2019 - 01/2011)
7.	Giuliani, Daniela: 11 articles (12/2015 - 09/2003)
8.	Guarini, Salvatore: 11 articles (12/2015 - 09/2003)
9.	Taylor, Andrew W: 10 articles (06/2022 - 11/2007)
10.	Ottani, Alessandra: 10 articles (12/2015 - 01/2010)

Related Diseases

1.	Melanoma (Melanoma, Malignant) 06/01/2021 - "Significance of study: The present study showed for the first time that DPHC could inhibit a-MSH-stimulated melanogenesis via PKA/CREB and ERK pathway in melanoma cells. " 01/01/2014 - "In this study, we found that KSHV induces proteomic and morphological changes in melanocytes and melanoma-derived cell lines, accompanied by deregulation of the endogenous anti-inflammatory responses anchored by the MC1-R/ α -MSH signaling axis. " 02/01/1998 - "The studies of fine-needle biopsies indicated that most of the human melanoma tumour exudates tested contained very high MSH concentrations (> 500 pg/ml; 14/15), while plasma levels were generally normal (< or = 25 pg/ml; 10/15). " 02/15/1991 - "Stimulation of cAMP and phosphomonoester production by melanotropin in melanoma cells: 31P NMR studies." 11/01/1985 - "Studies on the Cloudman melanoma cell line as a model for the action of MSH."
2.	Neoplasms (Cancer) 01/01/2018 - "Pre-clinical studies have shown promising results for radiolabeled MSH imaging in this malignancy. " 01/01/2023 - "More importantly, we also demonstrated that CLU-mediated mitophagy positively regulates oral CSCs through mitophagic degradation of MSX2 (msh homeobox 2), preventing its nuclear translocation from suppressing SOX2 activity and subsequent inhibition of cancer stemness and self-renewal ability. " 01/01/2023 - "MSH-5: malignant knee tumors timely detection index." 01/01/2022 - "Serum α-MSH concentration was elevated and correlated with circulating myeloid-derived suppressor cells in cancer patients. " 12/01/2021 - "Results from healthy volunteers and tumor patients demonstrated the feasibility and generalization performances of our method for high-resolution MSH-EPI DWI, which can be used for routine clinical applications as well as neuroimaging research."
3.	Hyperpigmentation 09/23/2021 - "These data suggest that SHQA ameliorated hyperpigmentation in α-MSH-stimulated B16F10 cells by downregulating MITF via PKA inactivation and ERK1/2 phosphorylation, indicating that SHQA is a potent therapeutic agent against skin hyperpigmentation disorders." 06/01/2021 - "Furthermore, PM2.5 increased α-MSH paracrine levels, which in turn promote hyperpigmentation. " 05/01/2014 - "Overall, these findings suggested that CTM suppresses α-MSH-induced melanogenesis via Tgase-2 inhibition and that therefore, Tgase-2 might be a new target in hyperpigmentation disorder therapy. " 12/26/2022 - "B16F10 cells were treated with α-MSH to induce hyperpigmentation, and then the whitening efficacy of YJP fractions was verified by observing a decrease in melanin content. " 08/01/2018 - "Sargaquinoic acid ameliorates hyperpigmentation through cAMP and ERK-mediated downregulation of MITF in α-MSH-stimulated B16F10 cells."
4.	Ischemia 01/01/2022 - "Upon treatment with α-MSH at 1 h after ischemia and 1 h after reperfusion, animals displayed significant improvement in amplitudes of b-wave and oscillatory potentials during electroretinography. " 02/01/2022 - "Animals were treated intraperitoneally with or without α-MSH at 1 h after ischemia and 1 h after reperfusion. " 01/01/2012 - "The results confirm that pre-treatment with α-MSH after ischemia protected the peripheral nerves against I/R injury." 01/01/2012 - "Rats were divided into six experimental groups: control group, ischemia group, I/R groups, and α-MSH treated groups. " 09/01/2014 - " clinicians alerted us to the possible theories in the pathogenesis of keloid formation, inter alia, the ischemia theory, mast cell theory, immune theory, transforming growth factor β interaction, mechanical theory, and the melanocyte stimulating hormone theory. "
5.	Inflammation (Inflammations) 01/01/2019 - "However, recent studies have shown that α-MSH is able to modulate inflammation in various tissues including the lung. " 01/01/2018 - "Preclinical studies were performed to determine whether two MC1r receptor agonists, PL-8177 and PL-8331, exhibit actions and efficacy similar to α-MSH in preventing and reversing intestinal and ocular inflammation. " 11/01/2015 - "In this study, the effects of α-melanocyte stimulating hormone on endothelial inflammation in human umbilical vein endothelial cell lines were investigated. " 08/03/2023 - "Taken together, these findings suggest that MSH has the potential to prevent acute liver damage by effectively suppressing oxidative stress and inflammation." 11/01/2020 - "Association of α-Melanocyte-Stimulating Hormone With Corneal Endothelial Cell Survival During Oxidative Stress and Inflammation-Induced Cell Loss in Donor Tissue."

Related Drugs and Biologics

1.	Melanocyte-Stimulating Hormones (MSH)
2.	Peptides (Polypeptides)
3.	Melanins (Melanin)
4.	Proteins (Proteins, Gene)
5.	alpha-MSH
6.	Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH)
7.	Melanocortins
8.	afamelanotide
9.	Pro-Opiomelanocortin (Proopiomelanocortin)
10.	Hydroxyurea (Hydrea)

Related Therapies and Procedures

1.	Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR)
2.	Therapeutics
3.	Injections
4.	Stents
5.	Surgical Instruments (Clip)