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Mitral Valve Stenosis (Mitral Stenosis)

Narrowing of the passage through the MITRAL VALVE due to FIBROSIS, and CALCINOSIS in the leaflets and chordal areas. This elevates the left atrial pressure which, in turn, raises pulmonary venous and capillary pressure leading to bouts of DYSPNEA and TACHYCARDIA during physical exertion. RHEUMATIC FEVER is its primary cause.
Also Known As:
Mitral Stenosis; Mitral Stenoses; Mitral Valve Stenoses; Stenoses, Mitral; Stenoses, Mitral Valve; Stenosis, Mitral; Stenosis, Mitral Valve; Valve Stenoses, Mitral; Valve Stenosis, Mitral
Networked: 1578 relevant articles (41 outcomes, 147 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Disease Context: Research Results

Related Diseases

1. Atrial Fibrillation
2. Mitral Valve Insufficiency (Mitral Regurgitation)
3. Pulmonary Hypertension
4. Rheumatic Heart Disease (Rheumatic Heart Diseases)
5. Aortic Valve Insufficiency (Aortic Regurgitation)

Experts

1. Lip, Gregory Y H: 8 articles (01/2021 - 05/2012)
2. Chang, Hsueh-Wen: 7 articles (07/2005 - 11/2003)
3. Chen, Mien-Cheng: 7 articles (07/2005 - 11/2003)
4. Wu, Chiung-Jen: 6 articles (07/2005 - 11/2003)
5. De Caterina, Raffaele: 5 articles (09/2022 - 08/2015)
6. Nunes, Maria Carmo P: 5 articles (01/2022 - 10/2013)
7. Toprak, Nizamettin: 5 articles (05/2016 - 09/2002)
8. Rihal, Charanjit S: 4 articles (11/2021 - 01/2016)
9. Iung, Bernard: 4 articles (01/2021 - 01/2010)
10. Pilgrim, Thomas: 4 articles (01/2020 - 01/2019)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to Mitral Valve Stenosis:
1. Atenolol (Tenormin)FDA LinkGeneric
2. IvabradineIBA
3. Warfarin (Coumadin)FDA LinkGeneric
4. Nitric Oxide (Nitrogen Monoxide)FDA Link
5. Metoprolol (Toprol-XL)FDA LinkGeneric
6. Atrial Natriuretic Factor (ANF)IBA
7. Aspirin (Acetylsalicylic Acid)FDA LinkGeneric
8. N(4)-oleylcytosine arabinosideIBA
01/01/2016 - "RCTs that included patients with prosthetic cardiac valves or mitral stenosis, mean or median follow-up <6 months, <200 participants, without published report in English language, and NOAC phase II studies were excluded. "
10/21/2019 - "The VKA still have the clear recommendation in patients with a mechanical prosthetic heart valve replacement or moderate to severe mitral stenosis of the rheumatic origin, in deep vein thrombosis associated with congenital thrombophilia, and in cases where NOAC are prohibited by social condition (financial reason) or by comorbidities (extreme weight, severe renal or liver disease). "
12/29/2019 - "Frail elderly (age ≥75 years plus a Groningen Frailty Indicator score ≥3) who receive VKA-treatment for AF in the absence of a mechanical heart valve or severe mitral valve stenosis will be randomised to switch to a NOAC-based treatment strategy or to continue INR-guided VKA-management. "
01/01/2018 - "The subgroup analyses of the NOAC approval studies show that, for patients with atrial fibrillation and chronic kidney disease with a creatinine clearance of >25-30 mL/min, NOAC should be given in preference to VKA, as long as the patient does not have mitral valve stenosis or a mechanical valve prosthesis. "
01/01/2019 - "Evaluated Heartvalves, Rheumatic or Artificial (EHRA) categorization, as follows: (i) EHRA Type 1 VHD, which refers to AF patients with 'VHD needing therapy with a Vitamin K antagonist (VKA)', thus including severe native mitral stenosis and prosthetic mechanical heart valves and (ii) EHRA Type 2 VHD, which refers to AF patients with 'VHD needing therapy with a VKA or a non-VKA oral anticoagulant (NOAC)', thus including all other forms of VHD. "
9. CreatinineIBA
10. Oxygen (Dioxygen)IBA

Therapies and Procedures

1. Catheters
2. Therapeutics
3. Prostheses and Implants (Prosthesis)
01/01/2016 - "Among 14 119 intention-to-treat ROCKET AF trial patients, a trial that excluded patients with mitral stenosis or artificial valve prosthesis, 214 had AS with or without other valve abnormalities, 1726 had MR or AR and 12 179 had no SVD. "
02/01/2014 - "This study suggests that, in patients with rheumatic mitral stenosis and preserved left ventricular systolic function, the addition of papillary muscle repositioning to valve replacement with a mechanical prosthesis improves left ventricular dimensions, ejection fraction, and sphericity index at the 18-month follow-up with no substantial undesirable effect on the surgery-related factors. "
02/01/1997 - "We defined a hemodynamic profile of severity based on the data from 18 patients whose basal mitral valve areas was < 1.2 cm2 (group I), and compared them with the data from the 32 studies of mitral stenosis patients with an area > 1.1 cm2 (group II) and with the patients with mitral prostheses (group III). "
05/01/2023 - "Non-invasive evaluation of pulmonary capillary wedge pressure using the left atrial expansion index in mitral valve stenosis, prosthesis and repair."
01/01/2023 - "Risk factors for MR ≥grade 2 included chordal replacement without resection (hazard ratio [HR], 2.50, P<0.001) and larger prosthesis size (HR, 1.13, P=0.023), whereas factors for functional mitral stenosis were use of a full ring (partial band versus full ring, HR, 0.53, P=0.013), smaller prosthesis size (HR, 0.74, P<0.001), and larger body surface area (HR, 3.03, P=0.045). "
4. Punctures
5. Catheter Ablation