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Methylnitronitrosoguanidine (MNNG)

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A nitrosoguanidine derivative with potent mutagenic and carcinogenic properties.

Also Known As:

MNNG; N-Methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine; N Methyl N' nitro N nitrosoguanidine; Methylnitrosonitroguanidine; Nitrosomethylnitroguanidine; Nitrosonitromethylguanidine; Guanidine, N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitroso-

Networked: 935 relevant articles (19 outcomes, 95 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Bio-Agent Context: Research Results

Organic Chemicals: 58
- Nitroso Compounds: 319
  - Nitrosoguanidines: 2
    - Methylnitronitrosoguanidine: 935
- Amidines: 11
  - Guanidines: 20
    - Nitrosoguanidines: 2
      - Methylnitronitrosoguanidine: 935
        ENNG: 85
        propyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine: 9
        N-amyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine
        N-butyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine

Experts

1.	Tatematsu, Masae: 10 articles (03/2015 - 08/2002)
2.	Nagini, S: 10 articles (10/2008 - 01/2001)
3.	Tsukamoto, Tetsuya: 8 articles (03/2015 - 09/2002)
4.	Nagini, Siddavaram: 6 articles (07/2014 - 01/2003)
5.	Ushijima, Toshikazu: 6 articles (11/2007 - 06/2002)
6.	Yamashita, Satoshi: 5 articles (11/2007 - 06/2002)
7.	Kalinovsky, Tatiana: 4 articles (10/2013 - 02/2005)
8.	Niedzwiecki, Aleksandra: 4 articles (10/2013 - 02/2005)
9.	Rath, Matthias: 4 articles (10/2013 - 02/2005)
10.	Roomi, M Waheed: 4 articles (10/2013 - 02/2005)

Related Diseases

1.	Neoplasms (Cancer) 01/01/2007 - "Other feeding studies evaluated the effect of red chili peppers on the incidence of stomach tumors produced by N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine, finding that red pepper had a promoting effect. " 05/25/2000 - "Our studies reveal that DU145 cancer cells are more sensitive to killing by MNNG than LNCaP. " 05/01/1996 - "The study showed a broad range of neoplasms induced by MNNG in medaka, with a tissue distribution that might support direct action on exposed tissues." 07/01/1994 - "Thus, the results in the present study indicate that NaCl exerts dose-dependent tumor promoting activity on gastric carcinogenesis in rats, even at doses as low as 2.5%, when given after MNNG initiation." 01/01/1987 - "The study of the influence of long-term injection of whole bile into rat's stomach on N-methyl-N-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine-induced tumors revealed an increased frequency of stomach malignancies matched by a lower frequency of those in the small intestine as well as slower rates of growth of gastrointestinal tumors."
2.	Stomach Neoplasms (Stomach Cancer) 07/01/2014 - "Besides, treatment with PPs was found to provide a dose-dependent protection against MNNG-induced oxidative injury by enhancing SOD, CAT, GSH-Px activities of gastric cancer rats. " 01/01/2013 - "In the present study, for the first time, the beneficial effect of saffron (Crocus sativus L.) aqueous extract (SAE) on the 1-Methyl -3- nitro -1- nitrosoguanidine (MNNG)-induced gastric cancer in rat was investigated. " 05/01/2011 - "A noninvasive method for early detection of MNNG-induced gastric cancer of male Wistar rat: ultrasonic study." 09/01/2003 - "To understand the effect of low concentration of N-methyl-N'-nitro-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG), which is a widely distributed environmental mutagen and carcinogen especially for human gastric cancer, on DNA damage and to study its possible pathway in regulating cell cycle arrest. " 05/01/1999 - "In this study, we examined the genetic alterations reported in human stomach cancers in 10 rat stomach cancers that had been induced in male ACI/N rats by administering MNNG in the drinking water. "
3.	Adenocarcinoma 09/01/1993 - "We have consequently undertaken a study to ascertain whether 10 6-month-old female ferrets given a single oral dose of MNNG (50-100 mg/kg) would develop adenocarcinoma of the stomach. " 12/01/1988 - "[A pathologic study of pulmonary adenocarcinoma in mice induced by N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine]." 01/01/2013 - "NO inhibition by AG increased the percentage of animals with adenocarcinomas (~29%) compared with the untreated MNNG group (~4%). " 10/18/1999 - "Adenocarcinomas induced by MNNG in the pyloric mucosa increased in size during the experiment and were morphologically and histochemically distinct from the proliferative lesions at the gastrojejunal junction. " 07/01/1999 - "At the same observation time, three of 17 animals from MNNG group showed poorly differentiated adenocarcinomas. "
4.	Hyperplasia 10/01/1999 - "With MNNG treatment, duodenal villous heights were significantly decreased, and epithelial cells displayed histological features of hyperplasia and dysplasia. " 04/01/1999 - "The incidences of forestomach severe hyperplasias in the MNNG + H-NaCl --> DEM groups were also significantly higher than in the MNNG + H-NaCl alone group (P < 0.01 and P < 0.05 for 5% and 10% groups, respectively). " 09/06/1994 - "MNNG induced UDS but not RDS or hyperplasia in forestomach epithelium, consistent with its genotoxic mode of action. " 09/01/1986 - "In BUF rats, the main histologic changes induced by MNNG were erosions and hyperplasia of the glandular portion of pyloric glands at the margin of erosions. " 04/01/1977 - "The methylketo cyclopentenyl and 1-methoxyethyl cyclopentenyl analogues of RA were at least 50-fold more active than RA in reversing MNNG-induced hyperplasia. "
5.	Squamous Cell Carcinoma (Epidermoid Carcinoma) 09/15/1989 - "Histological examination after sacrifice at Wk 52 revealed that squamous cell carcinoma development in the forestomachs of rats treated with MNNG followed by PTBC (75%, P less than 0.001) or MNNG followed by PMC (100%, P less than 0.001) was significantly greater than in animals receiving MNNG alone (20%). " 05/01/2007 - "Intragastric administration of MNNG induced well-differentiated squamous cell carcinomas that showed diminished lipid and protein oxidation and an increase in antioxidant status. " 01/01/2003 - "All animals that received MNNG and S-NaCl alone, developed tumours, identified histologically as squamous cell carcinomas. " 01/01/1996 - "In MNNG-treated shrews, with or without 2% EtOH administration, sequential histological examination of esophageal tissue revealed a similar change; dysplasia appeared at 30 weeks of age, squamous cell carcinoma occurred at 35 weeks of age, and the depth of invasion extended to adventitia at 45 weeks of age. " 01/01/1994 - "The low penetration of [3H]MNNG to proliferative cells in the forestomach epithelium may explain why this concentration of MNNG given in drinking water over several weeks usually does not induce squamous cell carcinomas in the forestomach. "

Related Drugs and Biologics

1.	Methylnitronitrosoguanidine (MNNG)
2.	lycopene
3.	Gastrins
4.	9,10-Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene (DMBA)
5.	Tetragastrin
6.	Histamine (Histamine Dihydrochloride)
7.	DNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid)
8.	Carcinogens
9.	Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha (Tumor Necrosis Factor)
10.	Selenium

Related Therapies and Procedures

1.	Aftercare (After-Treatment)
2.	Solid-State Lasers
3.	Oral Administration
4.	Chemoprevention
5.	Endoscopes