Methoxyflurane (Penthrane)

An inhalation anesthetic. Currently, methoxyflurane is rarely used for surgical, obstetric, or dental anesthesia. If so employed, it should be administered with NITROUS OXIDE to achieve a relatively light level of anesthesia, and a neuromuscular blocking agent given concurrently to obtain the desired degree of muscular relaxation. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p180)

Also Known As:

Networked: 161 relevant articles (6 outcomes, 12 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Drug Context: Research Results

Experts

1.	Holloway, Richard H: 2 articles (10/2015 - 12/2013)
2.	Schoeman, Mark N: 2 articles (10/2015 - 12/2013)
3.	Toscano, Leanne: 2 articles (10/2015 - 12/2013)
4.	Nguyen, Nam Q: 2 articles (10/2015 - 12/2013)
5.	Lawrence, Matthew: 2 articles (10/2015 - 12/2013)
6.	Simpson, Paul M: 2 articles (04/2011 - 10/2010)
7.	Middleton, Paul M: 2 articles (04/2011 - 10/2010)
8.	Bendall, Jason C: 2 articles (04/2011 - 10/2010)
9.	Bernard, Stephen: 2 articles (12/2007 - 08/2006)
10.	Dayan, A D: 1 article (01/2016)

Related Diseases

1.	Pain (Aches) 12/01/2014 - "A randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled study to assess the safety and efficacy of methoxyflurane for procedural pain of a bone marrow biopsy." 08/01/2014 - "STOP!: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of the efficacy and safety of methoxyflurane for the treatment of acute pain." 08/01/2014 - "Methoxyflurane reduced pain severity significantly more than placebo (p<0.0001) at all time points tested, with the greatest estimated treatment effect of -18.5 mm (adjusted change from baseline) seen at 15 min after the start of treatment. " 12/01/2007 - "The use of methoxyflurane as a prehospital analgesic significantly reduced pain in patients, with no significant side-effects attributed to its use. " 11/01/1976 - "Pain relief in labour using methoxyflurane."
2.	Hypothermia 08/01/1997 - "In contrast, methoxyflurane and hypothermia were safe and effective. " 09/01/1996 - "In contrast, methoxyflurane and hypothermia blocked the appearance of the Fos protein. " 12/01/1979 - "[The effect of hypothermia and methoxyflurane-anaesthesia on sympatho-neuronal and sympatho-adrenal activity in the course of cardiac surgery (author's transl)]." 08/01/1997 - "In part II of the study, it was possible to safely maintain 1- to 3-day-old pups at a surgical plane of anesthesia for 30 min with either methoxyflurane or hypothermia. " 01/01/1966 - "[Studies of Penthrane anesthesia with special reference to hypothermia]."
3.	Labor Pain 03/01/2010 - "Some anesthetists relieved the labor pain with balanced anesthesia using intravenous (diazepam and pethidine during the 1st stage of labor, followed by pentobarbital or ketamine during the 2nd stage of labor) combined with inhalational anesthetic (methoxyflurane or enflurane), while the others tried regional anesthesia. "
4.	Seizures (Seizure) 03/01/1987 - "Preanesthetic treatment with pentobarbital (5.0 mg/kg) and maintenance of anesthesia with methoxyflurane significantly reduced the frequency of seizures (P less than 0.05). "
5.	Hypoventilation 12/01/1984 - "Methoxyflurane caused significantly greater (P less than 0.05) hypoventilation than halothane only at 2.0 MAC. "

Related Drugs and Biologics

1.	Pentobarbital (Nembutal)
2.	Halothane (Fluothane)
3.	Enflurane (Ethrane)
4.	Ketamine
5.	Diazepam (Valium)
6.	Meperidine (Pethidine)
7.	Trichloroethylene (Trichloroethene)
8.	Oxygen
9.	Nitrous Oxide (Laughing Gas)
10.	Fluorides

Related Therapies and Procedures

1.	Anesthesia
2.	Nebulizers and Vaporizers (Inhaler)
3.	Balanced Anesthesia
4.	Conduction Anesthesia (Regional Anesthesia)
5.	Neuroleptanalgesia