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Melkersson-Rosenthal Syndrome

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An idiopathic syndrome characterized by one or more of the following; recurrent orofacial swelling, relapsing facial paralysis, and fissured tongue (lingua plicata). The onset is usually in childhood and relapses are common. Cheilitis granulomatosa is a monosymptomatic variant of this condition. (Dermatol Clin 1996 Apr;14(2):371-9; Magalini & Magalini, Dictionary of Medical Syndromes, 4th ed, p531)

Also Known As:

Cheilitis Granulomatosa; Cheilitis Granulomatosa, Orofacial Edema, Facial Neuropathy; Facial Neuropathy, Cheilitis Granulomatosa, Orofacial Edema; Facial Neuropathy, Orofacial Edema, Cheilitis Granulomatosa; Macrocheilia, Facial Palsy, Edema; Melkerson-Rosenthal Syndrome; Melkersson Syndrome; Melkersson-Rosenthal-Miescher Syndrome; Miescher-Melkersson-Rosenthal Granulomatous Cheilitis; Orofacial Edema, Cheilitis Granulomatosa, Facial Neuropathy; Orofacial Edema, Facial Neuropathy, Cheilitis Granulomatosa; Rosenthal-Melkerson Syndrome; Rosenthal-Melkersson Syndrome; Syndrome, Melkerson Rosenthal; Cheilitis, Miescher-Melkersson-Rosenthal Granulomatous; Granulomatous Cheilitis, Miescher-Melkersson-Rosenthal; Melkerson Rosenthal Syndrome; Melkersson Rosenthal Miescher Syndrome; Melkersson Rosenthal Syndrome; Miescher Melkersson Rosenthal Granulomatous Cheilitis; Rosenthal Melkerson Syndrome; Rosenthal Melkersson Syndrome; Cheilitis Granulomatosa, Facial Neuropathy, Orofacial Edema; Granulomatous Cheilitis

Networked: 85 relevant articles (8 outcomes, 2 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Disease Context: Research Results

Related Diseases

1.	Cheilitis
2.	Cutaneous Leishmaniasis
3.	Necrosis
4.	Blepharitis
5.	Melkersson-Rosenthal Syndrome

Experts

1.	Imafuku, Shinichi: 1 article (06/2015)
2.	Koga, Monji: 1 article (06/2015)
3.	Tatsukawa, Ryoko: 1 article (06/2015)
4.	Koga, Kaori: 1 article (06/2015)
5.	Tan, Zulin: 1 article (05/2015)
6.	Coggi, Antonella: 1 article (05/2015)
7.	Muratori, Simona: 1 article (05/2015)
8.	Carrera, Carlo Giovanni: 1 article (05/2015)
9.	Chen, Wei: 1 article (05/2015)
10.	Xu, Xianrong: 1 article (05/2015)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to Melkersson-Rosenthal Syndrome:

1.	Clofazimine (Lamprene)FDA Link 01/14/2008 - "[Melkersson-Rosenthal syndrome treated with clofazimine]." 05/01/2005 - "Clofazimine as elective treatment for granulomatous cheilitis." 10/01/2001 - "Cheilitis granulomatosa Miescher: treatment with clofazimine and review of the literature." 04/01/1992 - "[Experiences with clofazimine therapy of Melkersson-Rosenthal syndrome]." 09/01/1984 - "The mode of action clofazimine takes in cheilitis granulomatosa is not understood at the present time but is likely to be linked to the phagocytosis-stimulating effect of this drug on macrophages."
2.	SteroidsIBA 05/01/2015 - "In addition, the treatment of cheilitis granulomatosa is a challenge for the dermatologist: the gold standard, represented by steroids, is in fact designed as a short-time option. " 01/01/2014 - "We report two cases of granulomatous cheilitis treated with a combination of steroids, metronidazole, and minocycline with no signs of relapse at one-year follow-up. " 09/01/2007 - "We report a case of granulomatous cheilitis who showed excellent sustained response to combination of intralesional steroids, metronidazole and minocycline for initial one month followed by prolonged maintenance treatment with minocycline alone." 09/01/2007 - "Granulomatous cheilitis: sustained response to combination of intralesional steroids, metronidazole and minocycline." 05/01/2004 - "We report the case of a 31-year-old woman affected by Melkersson-Rosenthal syndrome, who has been successfully treated with lymecycline, after variable results with steroids alone or combined with antihistamines, sulphasalazine and clofazimine."
3.	Adrenal Cortex Hormones (Corticosteroids)IBA 09/01/2011 - "Cheilitis granulomatosa treated with intralesional corticosteroids and anti-inflammatory agents." 10/01/2013 - "Intralesional injection of Pingyangmycin plus corticosteroids may be an effective treatment for cheilitis granulomatosa." 10/01/2013 - "Therefore, we hypothesize that intralesional injection of Pingyangmycin plus corticosteroids may be a safe and effective treatment for cheilitis granulomatosa. " 03/01/1990 - "The clinical findings of persistence of the swelling without improvement after therapy with corticosteroids and antihistamines are considered consistent with elephantiasis nostras or cheilitis granulomatosa. " 10/01/2001 - "We report the case of a young woman with cheilitis granulomatosa as a monosymptomatic manifestation of Melkersson-Rosenthal syndrome successfully treated by the antileprosy agent clofazimine, and propose clofazimine as an alternative treatment in cases refractory to corticosteroids. "
4.	adalimumab (Humira)FDA Link 01/01/2012 - "Successful treatment of granulomatous cheilitis with adalimumab." 08/01/2007 - "Furthermore, we report the first successful treatment of Melkersson-Rosenthal syndrome with adalimumab." 01/01/2014 - "Under adalimumab, total remission of all symptoms was achieved, indicating that tumour necrosis factor-α blockers are a promising therapeutic option for patients with Melkersson-Rosenthal syndrome. " 01/01/2014 - "An extraordinary form of the Melkersson-Rosenthal syndrome successfully treated with the tumour necrosis factor-α blocker adalimumab."
5.	Histamine Antagonists (Antihistamines)IBA 03/01/1990 - "The clinical findings of persistence of the swelling without improvement after therapy with corticosteroids and antihistamines are considered consistent with elephantiasis nostras or cheilitis granulomatosa. " 05/01/2004 - "We report the case of a 31-year-old woman affected by Melkersson-Rosenthal syndrome, who has been successfully treated with lymecycline, after variable results with steroids alone or combined with antihistamines, sulphasalazine and clofazimine."
6.	tranilast (N 5')IBA 10/01/1986 - "Successful treatment of cheilitis granulomatosa with tranilast." 10/01/2005 - "Tranilast has been described as an effective treatment for cases of MRS, granulomatous cheilitis, and granulomatous blepharitis. "
7.	Fluconazole (Zonal)FDA LinkGeneric 01/01/2015 - "Cutaneous leishmaniasis mimicking granulomatous cheilitis and treated successfully with oral fluconazole in a boy."
8.	Sulfasalazine (Azulfidine)FDA LinkGeneric 05/01/2004 - "We report the case of a 31-year-old woman affected by Melkersson-Rosenthal syndrome, who has been successfully treated with lymecycline, after variable results with steroids alone or combined with antihistamines, sulphasalazine and clofazimine."
9.	LymecyclineIBA 05/01/2004 - "Successful treatment of Melkersson-Rosenthal Syndrome with lymecycline." 05/01/2004 - "We report the case of a 31-year-old woman affected by Melkersson-Rosenthal syndrome, who has been successfully treated with lymecycline, after variable results with steroids alone or combined with antihistamines, sulphasalazine and clofazimine."
10.	FumaratesIBA 12/01/2011 - "We show the efficacy of a treatment with fumaric acid esters reporting the case of a 14-year-old girl with granulomatous cheilitis resistant to previous therapy. " 12/01/2011 - "[Treatment of granulomatous cheilitis with fumaric acid esters in a young woman]."

Therapies and Procedures

1.	Intralesional Injections 03/01/2010 - "Successful treatment of cheilitis granulomatosa with intralesional injection of triamcinolone." 12/01/1965 - "Intralesional injection of triamcinolone in the treatment of cheilitis granulomatosa." 10/01/2013 - "Intralesional injection of Pingyangmycin plus corticosteroids may be an effective treatment for cheilitis granulomatosa." 10/01/2013 - "Therefore, we hypothesize that intralesional injection of Pingyangmycin plus corticosteroids may be a safe and effective treatment for cheilitis granulomatosa. "
2.	Decompression 11/01/2000 - "A review of the literature pertaining to facial nerve decompression for Melkersson-Rosenthal syndrome is presented." 11/01/2000 - "Total decompression of facial nerve for Melkersson-Rosenthal syndrome." 11/01/1974 - "Decompression of the facial nerve in Melkersson syndrome." 05/01/2015 - "To study the role of total facial nerve decompression in preventing further recurrence of facial palsy in Melkersson Rosenthal syndrome (MRS). " 05/01/2015 - "Recurrent facial palsy in Melkersson Rosenthal syndrome: total facial nerve decompression is effective to prevent further recurrence."
3.	Injections 10/01/1991 - "This article describes a case of 8 months' duration of cheilitis granulomatosa of the lower lip, which was successfully managed with intralesional steroid injections." 01/01/2004 - "Cheilitis granulomatosa of Melkersson-Rosenthal syndrome: treatment with intralesional corticosteroid injections." 08/01/2008 - "Successful treatment of Melkersson-Rosenthal syndrome with dapsone and triamcinolone injections." 01/01/2012 - "Successful treatment of Miescher's cheilitis in Melkersson-Rosenthal syndrome with betamethasone injections and doxycycline."
4.	Oral Medicine 01/01/1998 - "Schuermann as a peculiar manifestation of Melkersson-Rosenthal syndrome (MRS), is little known in oral medicine due to the paucity of cases published so far. " 05/01/1997 - "Melkersson-Rosenthal syndrome--a challenge for dermatologists to participate in the field of oral medicine."
5.	Lasers (Laser) 01/01/1983 - "[Use of helium-neon laser radiation in treating the Melkersson-Rosenthal syndrome]." 05/01/1979 - "[Treatment of the Melkersson-Rosenthal syndrome by helium-neon laser radiation]."