Mannitol (Osmitrol)

A diuretic and renal diagnostic aid related to sorbitol. It has little significant energy value as it is largely eliminated from the body before any metabolism can take place. It can be used to treat oliguria associated with kidney failure or other manifestations of inadequate renal function and has been used for determination of glomerular filtration rate. Mannitol is also commonly used as a research tool in cell biological studies, usually to control osmolarity.

Also Known As:

Networked: 2405 relevant articles (214 outcomes, 310 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Drug Context: Research Results

Experts

1.	Anderson, Sandra D: 28 articles (01/2014 - 01/2002)
2.	Brannan, John D: 13 articles (02/2015 - 03/2002)
3.	Porsbjerg, Celeste: 11 articles (07/2015 - 08/2009)
4.	Charlton, Brett: 11 articles (03/2015 - 01/2005)
5.	Daviskas, Evangelia: 11 articles (01/2014 - 01/2002)
6.	Backer, Vibeke: 10 articles (07/2015 - 08/2009)
7.	Anderson, S D: 9 articles (12/2009 - 04/2000)
8.	Chan, Hak-Kim: 8 articles (05/2015 - 10/2003)
9.	Diringer, Michael N: 7 articles (01/2016 - 09/2005)
10.	Sverrild, Asger: 7 articles (07/2015 - 11/2009)

Related Diseases

1.	Brain Edema (Cerebral Edema) 03/01/2013 - "This study demonstrates that 23.4% NaCl is more effective than other concentrations of hypertonic saline or mannitol in the prevention of posttraumatic brain edema. " 10/01/2010 - "By recording changes in the value of μ(s)', the following conclusions were obtained: HS is more effective than mannitol in reducing cerebral edema. " 01/01/2010 - "This is because 10% HS contributes to establish a higher osmotic gradient across BBB and, furthermore, the progressive accumulation of mannitol in the ischemic brain tissue counteracts its therapeutic efficacy on cerebral edema." 01/01/2010 - "We conclude that 10% HS is more effective in alleviating cerebral edema than the equal volume of 20% mannitol. " 05/01/1996 - "Mannitol is effective in reducing increased ICP in this model of euvolemic brain edema. "
2.	Intracranial Hypertension 10/01/2000 - "Clinically both mannitol and hypertonic saline (HTS) have been used successfully to treat elevated intracranial pressure (ICP), although which therapy is superior is yet unclear. " 01/01/2012 - "In the present article I make the case that current evidence supports HTS, not mannitol, as the better choice for gold-standard therapy for medical management of intracranial hypertension. " 03/01/2011 - "We found that hypertonic saline is more effective than mannitol for the treatment of elevated intracranial pressure. " 06/01/2000 - "Mannitol is effective in reducing ICP, and its use is recommended as a guideline in the management of traumatic intracranial hypertension. " 07/01/1995 - "In this study, the fluid regimen was compared with hypertonic mannitol to investigate their therapeutic efficacy in intracranial hypertension. "
3.	Ischemia 10/01/1985 - "Mannitol administered after renal ischemia ameliorates both functional and morphologic aspects of acute tubular injury despite dramatically increasing tubular aerobic work. " 01/01/1987 - "Although mannitol administration mildly improved CBF in regions of severe ischemia, this increase was not sufficient to prevent metabolic deterioration as assessed by brain pH. However, in regions of moderate ischemia, CBF improved significantly with mannitol and the gradual decline in brain pH observed in control animals was prevented. " 07/01/1989 - "They also suggest that this protective effect may be in part secondary to the antioxidant property of mannitol, although other mechanisms may have accounted for or contributed to the improved outcome after ischemia." 04/01/1981 - "Results of this clinical trial suggests that hypertonic mannitol may be useful in the management of acute arterial ischemia." 03/01/1976 - "Under conditions of controlled hemodynamics, administration of hyperosmotic mannitol resulted in improvement of function of the canine heart with regional ischemia, a lessening of the extent of ischemic injury assessed by electrocardiographic ST segment mapping, and improved total and collateral blood flow. "
4.	Bronchiectasis 01/01/2006 - "Inhalation of mannitol (400 mg) twice daily over 2 weeks improved the quality of life significantly in patients with bronchiectasis. " 08/01/2012 - "The few published papers on this topic concluded that mannitol, when inhaled as a dry powder, is a promising treatment for bronchiectasis. " 01/01/2011 - "Dry powder mannitol has the potential to be used to enhance clearance of mucus in subjects with bronchiectasis. " 06/01/1999 - "In conclusion, inhalation of dry powder mannitol increased clearance of mucus and thus has the potential to benefit patients with bronchiectasis." 03/01/2010 - "The aim of the study was to investigate: 1) the effect of increasing doses of mannitol and repetitive coughing on the sputum physical properties; 2) if the changes in sputum properties can predict the efficacy of mucus clearance measured by radioaerosol technique in bronchiectasis patients. "
5.	Brain Ischemia (Cerebral Ischemia) 07/01/1995 - "Mannitol is effective for acute cerebral ischemia, and SEP and MRI are useful for monitoring it." 07/01/1983 - "These experimental results indicated that a combined administration of PFC and mannitol is effective in protecting the brain from cerebral ischemia." 07/01/1981 - "These experimental results indicate that the combined administration of mannitol and FC is effective in protecting the brain from cerebral ischemia." 07/01/1981 - "These experimental results indicated that a combined administration of FC and mannitol is effective in protecting the brain from cerebral ischemia." 03/01/1981 - "These experimental results indicate that the combined administration of mannitol and FC is effective in protecting the brain from cerebral ischemia."

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Related Therapies and Procedures

1.	Intravenous Infusions
2.	Anesthesia
3.	Aftercare (After-Treatment)
4.	Resuscitation
5.	Injections